RADIOISOTOPES

Evaluation of Peak Efficiency of High Purity Ge Detector to Volume Samples

Takashi NAKAMURA, Tohru OHKUBO, Tsuyoshi HAYASHI

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 595-601
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_595

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The Monte Carlo code PEAK was developed to calculate the peak efficiency of Ge (Li) and high purity Ge (HPGe) detectors to voluminal sources of cylindrical and Marinelli-type shapes. The accuracy of the PEAK code has already been verified for Ge (Li) detectors and in this study its accuracy to HP Ge detectors was investigated. First, the sensitive region of the HP Ge detector was determined from the combination of the collimated beam and the standard point source experiments. By using this shape of the sensitive region, the peak efficiencies to radioactive agar, activated alumina and manganese dioxide samples encapsulated in a cylindrical vessel were calculated and showed very good agreement within about several % with the ex-perimental results.

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Evaluation of Correlation between Radioactivity and Exposure Rate of Irradiated Concrete and Stainless Steel

Takashi NAKAMURA, Akihisa HARA

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 602-608
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_602

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Cylindrical concrete and stainless steel blocks were irradiated one week by the cyclotron of Institute for Nuclear Study of University of Tokyo. Their gamma-ray activities were measured by a high-purity Ge (HPGe) detector and simultaneously the residual exposure rates were measured by the GM survey-meter. Radionuclides and their gamma-ray activities were obtained by dividing the peak counts of the measured pulse height spectra by the peak efficiencies. For this purpose, the HP Ge detector having known sensitive region in good accuracy was used, and its peak efficiency to these cylindrical sources was calculated by the PEAK Monte Carlo code including the self-absorption correction.
The residual exposure rates were obtained from the simple analytical calculation by using these gamma-ray activities uniformly distributed in the concrete and stainless steel blocks. The calculated exposure rates showed very good agreement with those measured by the GM survey-meter. From this comparison, the relationship between gamma-ray activities and residual exposure rates were evaluated in good accuracy for these volume samples.

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Analysis of Plasmid DNA Synthesis by Double Tracer Method

—Differential effects of rifampicin and chloramphenicol on the replication of pSC101 and CoIEI-amp in Escherichia coliK-12—

Kohji HASUNUMA, Kazuhiko FURUKAWA

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 609-616
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_609

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An Escherichia coli strain, CR34, harboring both pSC101 and ColEl-amp plasmids was exposed to media containing rifampicin (100μg/ml) and/or chloramphenicol (180 μg/ml) and the cells were labeled for 20 min with ³H-thymine at 3, 25 and 50 min after exposure to drug (s) . The plasmid DNA synthesis was assayed by DNA-DNA hybridization with ¹⁴C-labeled pSC 134 DNA as internal marker. In the presence of rifampicin, the replication of pSC 101 was from 57 to 104% that in its absence, and that of ColEl-amp was from 17 to 26%. The DNA replication of pSC 101 after addition of chloramphenicol was reduced to 35 to 75%, and that of ColEl-amp was reduced to 39% and then restored to 92%. This restoration was not observed in the presence of rifampicin.

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Whole Body Autoradiography by Positron Emitting Radionuclides

Tachio SATO, Hiroshi FUKUDA, Yoshinao ABE, Jun HATAZAWA, Tatsuo IDO, T ...

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 617-622
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_617

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The technique of freezing whole body autoradiography using positron emitting nuclides has been developed in the present study.
Because of rapid decay of positron emitters, a frozen section to contact with a X-ray film must be prepared within a few hours. All the procedures to obtain autoradiograms of rats using ¹⁸F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (¹⁸F-FDG) or ¹¹C-glucose-fructose mixture (¹¹C-glucose) were described in detail.
In the present technique, exposure must be performed at-20°C to keep a section frozen. Density of X-ray films after exposure at 20°C or-20°C was examined using various radioactive sections. The reduction of the density exposured at-20°C was observed. But the density exposured at-20°C was proportional to the radioactivity.
Freezing whole body autoradiography of rats bearing subcutaneous AH109A tumors was performed using ¹⁸F-FDG (half life of 109.7 min) and ¹¹C-glucose (half life of 20 min) . Density of tumors and other organs on the autoradiogram was comparable with tissue distribution studies of ¹⁸F-FDG and ¹¹C-glucose.
Freezing whole body autoradiography can be feasible for the analysis of tissue distribution on positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals.

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Substoichiometric Determination of Mercury Using 1- (2-Pyridylazo) -2-naphthol

K. Ashok RAO, B RANGAMANNAR

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 623-625
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_623

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A substoichiometric radiochemical method for the determination of mercury has been developed using 1- (2 pyridylazo) -2-naphthol (PAN) as a chelating agent. The chelate was extracted at pH 9.5 (Na₂CO₃NaHCO₃ buffer) into chloroform. 15-65 μg of mercury was determined with an accuracy ±0.9%. Effects of many diverse metal ions have been studied and procedures were developed for the suppression of interference due to these ions.

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Accumulation Mechanism of ²⁰¹TI

—K-contents and Na, K-ATPase activities of tissues—

Kayoko NAKAMURA, Iku NISHIGUCHI, Yaeko TAKAGI, Atsushi KUBO, Shozo HAS ...

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 626-628
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: September 07, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_626

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Though the mechanism of ²⁰¹Tl accumulation in thyroid tumours is not known yet, there are some hypotheses. In order to study the mechanism, potassium contents and Na, K-ATPase, of various organs of rats and human thyroid glands were analized. The conclusion through these experiments is as follows, (1) as the potassium contents and Na, K-ATPase activity of thyroid glands are not obviously higher than those of other organs, the ²⁰¹Tl accumulation in thyroid is thought to be not owing to the similarity to the potassium ion, (2) pointing out high activity of Na, K-ATPase in heart and kidney, the accumulation mechanism of ²⁰¹Tl in these organs has high relation to this activity, (3) though there is a tendency to have higher potassium contents among thyroid tumours, the difference in potassium contents between their histopathology is small; so that the tumour specificity is not explained from the potassium contents, and (4) as for Na, K-ATPase activity of thyroid tumours, papillary adenocarcinoma and follicular adenoma, which take more in ²⁰¹Tl, have tendency to show higher activity; adenomatous goitre, which take less in ²⁰¹Tl, has tendency to show lower activity.
We suggested that the factor relating to the accumulation mechanism of ²⁰¹Tl may be multiple, and Na, K-ATPase plays an important role in ²⁰¹Tl specific uptake in thyroid tumours.

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Basic and Clinical Evaluation of Radioimmunoassay Kit for Serum Insulin by Bead Solid Phase Method

Ikuko YAMAGUCHI, Akihiro FUNAKOSHI, Hiroko BABA, Taeko KOMIYA, Yuichi ...

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 629-632
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_629

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The Fundamental and Clinical Estimation of Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) Kit

—TPA as a guide of cancer—

Michiko MASAKA, Teruya YOSHIMI

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 633-636
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_633

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Radioimmunoassay of Free Triiodothyronine by Amerlex Free T₃ RIA Kit

Hirobumi YOSHII, Seiji TOMIGUCHI, Yoshikazu TAKAGI, Masaharu ITO, Naom ...

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 637-640
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_637

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Fundamental Studies of β-Thromboglobulin RIA Kit

Isao KANAMORI, Toshitake YABASHI, Sadao MATSUO, Chizuko HIGUCHI, Kense ...

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 641-644
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_641

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Dating and Measurements of Radioactive Isotopes with the Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Nobuyuki NAKAI, Toshio NAKAMURA

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 645-655
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_645

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The Present State of Nuclear Medicine Practive in Japan—A report of the nationwide survey using ICPM code of WHO—

Subcommittee on Coding of Nuclear Medicine

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages 656-658
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_656

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[title in Japanese]

1983 Volume 32 Issue 12 Pages A75P-A128M
Published: December 15, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 21, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3769/radioisotopes.32.12_A75P

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