巻号一覧
35 巻 (2007)
- 5 号 p. 227-
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- 2 号 p. 59-
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35 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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巻頭言
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堀米 操, 大坪 泰文原稿種別: 巻頭言
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 59
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (223K)
論文
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新井 武彦, 矢崎 利昭, 大坪 泰文原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 61-67
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーTo establish the preparation method of colloidal suspensions with low viscosity and long term stability against sedimentation, the effects of polymer and surfactant are examined for silica suspensions. The suspensions are flocculated by bridging mechanism, in which one polymer chain is simultaneously adsorbed onto two particles. Since the adsorption affinity of polymer for the silica surfaces is governed by a balance between polymer and surfactant concentrations, two bridging conformations, that is, the reversible bridging and irreversible bridging are induced. In suspensions flocculated by reversible bridging, the interparticle bonds are constantly forming, breaking, and re-forming in a quiescent state and the suspensions behaves as fluids even at very low shear rates. The sedimentation stability is evaluated through the time dependence of intensities of backscattering lights from the suspensions. The fluctuation of backscattering intensity is detected for suspensions flocculated by reversible bridging. The local motion and rearrangement of particles may be possible in the sediment. The reversible bridging is very attractive as a new technique of controlling the viscosity and sedimentation stability of flocculated suspensions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (855K) -
足立 泰久, 小林 幹佳, 福原 康之原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 69-72
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーBreak-up strength of flocs against hydrodynamic strain generated in a converging flow adjacent to orifice was analyzed using polystyrene latex flocs of different structures. A simple method to find the largest surviving floc after passing through the orifice as a function of flow rate allows us to evaluate the bond strength in flocs. It was confirmed that the strength of floc is constant irrespective of the diameter of floc as long as the number of contact between colliding clusters is constant. However, the strength increases with increasing number of contacts between clusters. This result is consistent with our previous result on the floc strength in a turbulent flow.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (390K) -
Kenji Furuichi, Chisato Nonomura, Yuichi Masubuchi, Giovanni Iannirube ...原稿種別: Article
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 73-77
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーDamping functions of entangled polymers for shear, uniaxial, biaxial, and planar deformations, as well as normal stress ratios for shear deformations, were obtained from Brownian simulations making use of the primitive chain network model. To investigate the effect of the force balance over the entanglements and of the convective constraint release mechanism, comparisons with predictions of earlier theories and with experimental data in the literature were performed. It was found that the obtained damping functions are close to the three-chain theory [Marrucci, Greco, and Ianniruberto, Macromol Symp, 158, 57 (2000)] suggesting that the force balance is a dominant correction over the basic Doi-Edwards theory as compared with the effect of convective constraint release. Furthermore, the predicted normal stress ratio in shear, i.e., a quantity very sensitive to the different assumptions, is in good agreement with experiments, suggesting that the combination of force balance, convective constraint release, and other relaxation modes, as accounted for through the primitive chain network model, is quite acceptable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (243K) -
名畑 嘉之, 鈴木 幸一郎, 吉田 健介, 並木 伸郎, 柴田 雅史原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 79-84
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーSensory attributes of lipstick were evaluated by measuring the strain dependence of storage modulus (G') and dissipation factor (tan δ) of the lipstick sample that was kneaded by a newly developed method (Petri dish method). First a sliced lipstick peace set between two glass plates was squeezed by pressing on the upper plate and then kneaded by moving the upper glass plate to and fro while holding the lower one. Rheological parameters relating to the sensory attribute during the coating of lipstick were obtained by measuring the sample only squeezed, while the one relating to the sensory attribute after the coating was obtained by measuring the sample kneaded to and fro ten times. The lipstick having strong protective film feeling, which was perceived existence of protective film on the lip, showed a characteristic strain dependence of tan δ, showing a peak spreading over the measured strains. It was found lipsticks giving this tan δ peak clearly had stacking structure of wax crystals in its coated film.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (726K) -
鳴海 敬倫, 前田 浩芳, 吉沢 博之, 長谷川 富市原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 85-91
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーElectro-rheological properties of liquid crystals have been investigated utilizing a parallel-plate type rheometer and a two-dimensional minute channel. A liquid crystal with high specific resistance (LC only) and that with a conductive dopant (LC+TBAB) were tested in order to clarify the influence of electric instability on the ER effect. Flow curves including shear-thinning region were empirically modeled with Carreau type equation from parallel plate test, and the ER effects in the minute channel were numerically predicted with the model. In the case of LC only, the prediction of the model was in good agreement with the experimental. Lower ER effect was obtained with LC+TBAB under DC electric field, where the electroconvection was generated, and the model was partially useful for the prediction. In this case, the influence of the electric field strength on the characteristic time of the model was more complicated than that of the LC only. The transient response of the ER effect at the onset of the electric field was also measured, and almost same response was obtained for all conditions in our test.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (605K) -
大矢 修生, 藤井 有一, 八尾 滋原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 93-98
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーIf we can define the word "functionality" as the special interaction between materials, the large surface is regarded as one of the most basic physical properties. Hence, the need of a porous material is very high. Especially the creation of multi porous structures by using the macromolecular self-organization mechanism has a feature of providing uniform structure efficiently, and is a very leading technique. And it is well known that the structure created by self-organization mechanism depends on the molecular weight very much. In the present work, we investigated the relation between the polymerization concentration of polyamic acid (PAA), the pre-polymer of polyimide (PI) and molecular weight, and clarified a technique of obtaining high molecular weight PAA. We also clarified that the interaction between PAA molecules was very strong in the N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solution. Then, as described in a previous report, a film adjusting solvent substitution speed was used and formation of multi porous membrane was tried by the solvent replacing method in a state where a molecular weight was high and where interaction was strong, by using the visco-elastic phase separation phenomenon. As the result, we succeeded in obtaining a porous membrane with a very sufficient continuity of a pore. The structure of this membrane was not collapsed by heat treatment. The obtained PI porous membrane was excellent in gas and liquid permeability, and was excellent also in heat resistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1448K) -
高橋 勉, 立井 優也, 白樫 正高原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 99-106
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーMicroscopic and macroscopic structure change of a polymer liquid crystalline in start-up Couette flow and cessation was investigated using Rheo-Optic measurement techniques. Flow birefringence exhibits the orientation of the molecules of liquid crystalline, dichroism is caused by form effect and it is related with formation of the macroscopic structure. At the start-up flow in Region II or III, shear stress and dichroism is related with formation of the thread texture. However, the HV scattering pattern in the small angle light scattering observation is widely spread to the direction perpendicular to the flow direction and it means that the scale of the thread is not constant or the arrangement is not regular. At a moment of the cessation of Couette flow in Region II or III, the band texture is quickly formed. The result of the HV scattering pattern shows that the regular parallel structure is generated even when the texture is not clearly observed by polarized microscopy. In the case of the cessation from the high shear rate, the VV scattering pattern is observed after the band texture is formed. It is thought that density or structure fluctuation would be caused by quick formation of the large texture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1027K) -
～スタートアップ流れにおける粘度と弾性力の変化～大内 真由美, 高橋 勉, 白樫 正高原稿種別: 論文
2007 年 35 巻 2 号 p. 107-114
発行日: 2007年
公開日: 2007/06/11
ジャーナル フリーStart-up shear flow was applied to CTAB/NaSal aqueous solutions which form wormlike micelles, and transient behaviors of viscosity and first normal stress difference were observed. In the transient shear flow, the shear-induced structure, SIS, was generated and strongly affected the flow properties. The maximum value of viscosity in the transient flow suddenly increased once the SIS appeared up to 40 times as high as the complex viscosity measured under oscillatory shear flow. The coefficient of first normal stress difference also increased by the appearance of SIS. Thus, SIS showed not only high viscosity but also strong elasticity. At low shear rates, the strain value at the viscosity maximum was smaller than that at the first normal stress difference maximum. With increasing shear rates, this difference in the two strains became smaller and dimmish when the flow instability was observed. Weissenberg number, a ratio of the first normal stress difference to the shear stress, was evaluated as a function of strain, which showed a sudden increase just before the flow-instability. These findings are influenced by the geometry used to generate shear flows. In the concentric cylindrical geometries, SIS was observed at shear rates lower than in the cone-plate and the parallel plate geometries.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (491K)
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