Physical Therapy Japan
Online ISSN : 2189-602X
Print ISSN : 0289-3770
ISSN-L : 0289-3770
Volume 18, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
Articles supported by a grant from JPTA
  • [in Japanese]
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 369-
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • ―For Serious Cases―
    Tai UCHIDA, Junko HOSOYAMADA, Junko KIYOFUJI
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 371-378
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    We have a doubt of the exercise in parallel bars on the functional training. We concern about the fact that the patients try to perform the movements to stand up or to keep the balance of standing posture by pulling the bars easily when they use the parallel bars in training.
    The motion of pulling the bars does not only cause the unnecessary associated movements or prevent the appearance of regular postural reaction, but also prevent the patients from learning to move the center of gravity in order to perform the physical movement efficiently. So we consider that the competence of patients cannot be shown maximumly until the movements of pulling bars on training are controlled perfectly.
    But, however therapists pay attention to, patients pull the bars momentarily or imperceptibly. This has a enormously bad influence on gait training and transfer, following exercise in parallel bars.
    So, we have devised ‘Short-Cane’ (Essentially this uses shortly cut single cane and parallel support stands) to control the movements of pulling perfectly. By using Short-Cane, we could set up the situation at which the patients are unable to pull the bars at all. Conducting trainings at such situation, we have got good results.
    We have put the Short-Cane approach into practice for five serious cases. This time, we will report those cases.
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  • Eiko NAKASHIMA, Kouji OKITA, Yoshihide KOHBU
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 379-386
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This study was designed to evaluate the effects of ADL (activities of daily living) training on stroke patients with lower mental function. Four patients (1 male and 3 males: mean age 77.8) volunteered to take part in the investigation. We evaluated the patients, from the points of emotion, dementia and ADL. The selected scales were as follows; MMS (mint mental scale), Barthel Index, and Tanaka Scale. The results indicated that the mean score of MMS got 5 points higher, as well as the mean score of Barthel Index became 34 points higher. However, the patients' mental function such as memory disturbance, delusion. or cofabulation did not show any improvement. Our present study suggests that it would be very important and yield better effects of therapy for Physical Therapists to have the patients carry out ADL training at the living place concerned, not at a clinic.
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  • Kazuko HAYASHI, Kengo TAKASHIMA, Naomi HANZAWA, Toru TAKAOKA, Shuji IN ...
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 387-395
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of therapeutic exercise during very low calorie diet (VLCD) in simple obesity and to report the result of questionnaire research that was applied to the patient after discharge.
    The body weight loss of therapeutic exercise group was compared to nontherapeutic exercise group, and it was revealed that therapeutic exercise is effective to overcome the adaptation of body weight loss. In addition to body weight loss, exercise not only stimulated body fat loss, but also inhibited muscle atrophy maintaining the capacity of cardiopulmonary function. The results of questionnaire suggested that exercise during VLCD influences continuing home exercise after discharge.
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  • Noriaki ICHIHASHI, Hiromitsu ITOH, Toshimasa SAKAMOTO, Keiko ARIMURA, ...
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 397-403
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purposes of this study were two-fold, 1) to evaluate the influence of bed rest on the strength of knee extensor and flexor, and 2) to estimate the effect of muscle strengthening exercise on knee extensor during bed rest. First, in ten patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery for unilateral hip joint disorder, we evaluated the isokinetic peak torques of knee extensor and flexor in their uninvolved legs concentrically at 30°/sec, 120°/sec, 210°/sec and eccentrically at 30°/sec before and after bed rest. Thigh girth and thigh skinfold thickness were also measured at the 5, 10, 15 cm above the superior pole of patella. The mean duration of bed rest was 28.9 ± 15.0 days after surgery. The patients were not exercised for their uninvolved thigh muscles during bed rest. Second, eight patients, who also underwent orthopaedic surgery for unilateral hip joint disorder, took the same evaluation. The mean duration of bed rest was 32.4 ± 11.1 days. The patients were exercised for their quadriceps in the uninvolved leg by straight leg raising (SLR) against manual maximum resistance five times a day during bed rest. Isokinetic peak torques of knee extensor in non-exercised patients showed significant losses after bed rest, but no significant changes in knee flexor peak torques in all conditions. Significant decreases of thigh girth were found after bed rest, whereas thigh skinfold thickness showed no significant change. On the other hand, in exercised group, no effects of SLR were found on increasing in torques of knee extensor and in thigh girth, but SLR could avoid torque reduction of knee extensor only at 30°/sec concentrically. The possible explanation for the selective strength reduction of the quadriceps might be that the loss of weight-bearing stimulus due to bed rest gave more influence on the quadriceps, antigravity muscle, than on the hamstrings. It might be considered that thigh muscle strengthening exercises should include the training with weight-bearing stimulation such as with a condition of closed kinetic chain of lower extremity.
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  • Shuuiti SATO, Miwa SHOUJI, Atuko KATO, Masayo HINATA, Osamu KATO, Reit ...
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 405-412
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    From the standpoint of metabolic improvement, we prescribed physical exercises to diabetic patients with stroke and evaluated the effect.
    In the group of the patients who performed gait training and repetitive rising training with target heart rate (HR) of 60% of HRmax, significant improvement was obtained in VO2 100 and VO2 REST (p < 0.05) and integrated HRs during exercises tended to decrease. Indexes for blood glucose (BG) control, glycosilated hemoglobin A1c and fasting BG, were also significantly improved (p < 0.01).
    It seems important to observe the whole day activities and the concomitant variation of HR and BG level and to make activities in daily living reflect the training effects.
    We suggest the possibility that it may be effective for metabolic improvement in stroke patients to perform functional training with proper settings of the way and intensity of exercises.
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Reports
  • Yoichi YOSHIMOTO
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 413-419
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In 86 patients with cerebral apopletic hemiplegia, Optical Righting Reactions (ORR) in a sitting in chair position was measured according to the postural reflex mechanism testing to examine its correlation with walking ability.
    No significant difference was noted between scores of ORR and sex difference, age of onset, morbid type or period up to the evaluation, but comparison between the paralytic and non-paralytic sides revealed a significant difference (x2 = 34.542: p < 0.001). Comparison with walking ability revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) for both the paralytic side (r = -0.6113) and non-paralytic side (r = -0.6127), and comparison between right and left hemiplegias in the walking, self-supporting group revealed significantly high scores (x2 = 7.868: p < 0.05) of ORR for the right hemiplegic cases.
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  • Syohei OGI, Tomitaro AKIYAMA, Tsukasa MATSUMOTO, Shigeki YOKOYAMA, Nob ...
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 421-427
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    It has been constantly observed that cerebral palsy and/or mental retardation develops among premature and risk infants. In order to improve the security of the early assessment and habilitation for handicapped children, we assessed 21 AFD, 21 mature infants who had normal development, and 1 case of Cerebral Palsy using Brazelton Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (B-NBAS).
    The results were as follows :
    1) B-NBAS was a valuable assessment to understand the capacity for neonatal behavior.
    2) These cluster scores and their change patterns in B-NBAS showed the process of the infants development.
    In conclusion, it was effective as a screening test of risk infants, and means of early intervention for infants and their families.
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  • Isao TAKEDA, Toshiaki SUZUKI, Tetuji FUJIWARA
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 429-434
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Fatigue in isometric contraction was studied in 30 healthy students (15 males and 15 females) with the mean age of 21.1 ± 3.0 years, the mean height of 164.8 ± 9.7 cm, and the mean body weight of 57.8 ± 10.1 kg.
    After exercise, the area under the muscle torque curve, which represents the work load, and the ability of the muscle to produce the maximum torque, decreased with increases in the total number of complaints of subjective symptoms (106) and the frequency of individual complaints. A significant correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between the change in the respiratory function and the reduction in the peak torque or the work load of the muscle. From these results, the decrease in the work load of the muscle is considered to be associated with both the depression of respiratory-circulatory functions and subjective complaints of fatigue.
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Case Study
  • Masamichi FURUSAWA, Fujio KOMA, Reiko TAKEMURA, Noriko SATO, Hidetaka ...
    Article type: Article
    1991 Volume 18 Issue 4 Pages 435-443
    Published: July 10, 1991
    Released on J-STAGE: October 25, 2018
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Facial palsy subsequent to a stroke interferes with nonverbal communication. Because such facial palsy is of central origin, it is easily influenced by attenuation of balance reactions or by abnormal postural tone from the shoulder girdles and the pelvis. In treatment we thus first work to normalize postural tone throughout the whole body and to foster the emergence of normal balance reactions and postural motor patterns. Only after this initial step do we directly approach the facial palsy itself.
    To objectively examine this idea, we decided to closely monitor the progress of a 57-year-old woman admitted to our hospital one year and one week after suffering a stroke resulting in facial palsy. Both the physical therapy and the speech therapy departments worked in close collaboration to improve formulation and symmetry of facial expression, and to work on finely grading movements involved in facial expression. To monitor our progress we recorded changes by photographs in the center of gravity, manual muscle tests of facial muscles, and electromyographic activity. To assess the degree of drooping of the eyelids, we recorded changes in the vertical distance between the upper and lower eyelids.
    Treatment continued for five months and three weeks. The improvements we indicated approaching the whole body before trying to treat only the facial region.
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