Rigakuryoho Kagaku
Online ISSN : 2434-2807
Print ISSN : 1341-1667
Volume 26, Issue 4
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Kaoru YAMANO, Masato KOTERA, Hiroshi KOBORI, Hitoshi NISHIKAWA, Hideto ...
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 467-473
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess anxieties related to risk management of physical therapists receiving a license to practice in April 2010, to gain an understanding of the situation in order to address the issues. [Subjects] The subjects were 47 newly licensed physical therapists with an average age of 23.9±3.8 years. [Method] We analyzed the answers returned in a self-reported questionnaire. [Results] The prime worry of the newly licensed physical therapists in conducting consultations was: “I am not confident in my assessments and treatments” (31 persons). Their main concern regarding workplace regulations and systems was: “I won’t be trusted as one of the team in an emergency” (19 persons). [Conclusion] Regarding the anxieties related to risk management of newly licensed physical therapists, we conclude that the education of the physical therapists before graduation and the induction education systems of the facilities employing them were factors in individuals’ abilities.
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  • Misaki NISHI, Ayano KIKUCHI, Akio KAMIYA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 475-478
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the difference of hip abduction strength in healthy subjects when the pelvis inclination in the frontal plane was changed. [Subjects] In this study, 37 subjects (19 male, 18 female; aged 20.7±0.6) participated after we obtained their informed consent. [Methods] We measured the hip abduction strength using a hand-held dynamometer at different pelvis inclinations (+3.0 cm/+1.5 cm/ flat /-1.5 cm/-3.0 cm). [Results] The hip abduction strength at flat pelvis inclination was higher than at the other positions (p<0.05). [Conclusion] We conclude that the hip abduction strength of healthy subjects is strongest at flat pelvis inclination.
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  • Ayano KIKUCHI, Misaki NISHI, Akio KAMIYA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 479-482
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of the range of hip external/internal rotation on the way we stand up from the floor using hip rotation range of motion and trunk muscle activity. [Subjects] In this study, 38 subjects (19 male, 19 female, average age 21.2±0.7) participated after we obtained their informed consent. [Methods] We measured hip external/internal rotation range of motion and classified them into 2 groups. Then, we classified movement patterns of standing up from the floor into three types based on hip rotation range differences. [Results] The hip large external range of motion group stood up with hip external rotation. Also, the multifidus muscle activity when standing up from the floor with hip external rotation was decreased significantly. [Conclusion] We conclude that the external/internal rotation of the hip joint influences movement patterns and trunk muscle activity in standing up from the floor.
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  • Toru SERITA, Hitoshi MARUYAMA, Munenori KATOH, Kazuo SUGANUMA, Ryoko S ...
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 483-488
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] We investigated the relationship between the trunk and lower leg angles and speed in standing up from a chair and sitting down, as well as the characteristics of the elderly in standing up from a chair and sitting down. [Subjects] The subjects were 10 young persons and 16 elderly persons. [Method] Standing up from a seat with no backrest from the upright sitting position and sitting down again in the upright sitting position from the standing position as a continuous movement with a 3D motion analysis system, and calculated the speed of movement and the anterior inclinations of the trunk and lower legs. [Results] Compared to the young persons group, in the standing and sitting movements, the elderly had significantly larger lower leg angles and significantly slower movement speeds. In addition, in the within group comparison, the elderly group had a sitting movement speed which was significantly slower than the standing movement speed. In both groups, there were no significant correlations between any of the items. [Conclusion] We consider larger lower leg anterior angles and slower movements than the young are characteristics of the elderly.
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  • Masaki UCHIDA, Hitoshi MARUYAMA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 489-492
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] We investigated the relationship between locus of the center of foot pressure (COP) and the position of the rear part of the foot, and considered the functions of the foot parts in the movement of bringing the feet together. [Subjects] The subjects were 13 healthy adults: 8 males, 5 females, average age 21.6±2.5 years. [Method] We measured the locus of COP during movement of one leg in bringing the feet together from standing with the legs apart. In addition, we divided the subjects into those who ended the movement with the stepping leg in varus or valgus and compared the two groups. [Results] We found a significant correlation between the left-right value of COP in the step-off period and the left-right and anterior-posterior values of COP just after the movement to the stance foot was completed in the transfer phase. We also found significant differences between the varus and valgus groups in the left-right component in the step-off phase and the anterior-posterior and left-right components in the transfer phase. [Conclusion] The results suggest that the landing position of the foot influences the locus of the center of foot pressure in the movement of bringing the feet together.
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  • Miyuki SHIBAHARA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 493-498
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] We conducted a survey to clarify issues and the current situation regarding the provision of information by families with physically disabled children. [Subjects] The subjects were the parents of 28 elementary and junior high school students attending special educational facilities who were members of a physically disabled parents’ association connected with the facilities. [Method] We conducted a questionnaire survey asking to whom families provided information and the methods and contents of the information. [Results] All families provided information to schools, and 23 persons (82.1%) also provided information to disabled welfare service workers, public health and welfare nurses, or local government officals. This information was for assistance with family life, medical history or medical consultation facilities. Families felt a burden at the time of providing the information, and were worried about whether they were communicating the information correctly. When asked whether families were recording and keeping this information, 20 persons replied that it was necessary, and 11 persons (39.3%) answered that they wanted something to record the information in. [Conclusion] In the future, it will be necessary to examine the detailed needs of a notebook for recording and keeping information as a support tool for the provision of information by families of physically disabled children.
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  • Yuta TOKUNAGA, Yoshihiro EHARA, Yuya TANAKA, Masayoshi KUBO
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 499-505
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to estimate the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) load in landing using a sagittal plane knee model. [Method] Six healthy males landed from a height of 60 cm. The instruments used for measurement were a three-dimensional motion capture system, force platforms and surface electromyography. Muscle forces estimated by electromyography-assisted optimization were input to the knee joint model to calculate the ACL load. [Result] The estimated ACL load was about 330 N. [Conclusion] Previous studies reported that braking force of ACL is about 2000 N. The values calculated in the present study were much smaller than the braking force of ACL. This result suggests that ACL injury in landing does not occur only through the mechanical contribution of the sagittal plane.
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  • Akihisa YOSHIKAWA, Yoetsu OGATA, Ryuya YANAGIHASHI, Takayuki FUJIWARA, ...
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 507-510
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Aim: To investigate the relationship between three dimensional mobilization force and neck rotation by mobilization with movement techniques according to Mulligan’s concepts. Subjects: Twenty-six healthy asymptomatic adults (24 males and 2 females: mean age of 26, ranging from 23 to 35 years old) participated. Method: Cervical rotations were measured with a tape measure. The participants were divided into a SNAGS intervention group and an anti-SNAGS (group in which the mobilizing vector was against cervical rotation in the facet joint plane). We compared the cervical rotations before and after the interventions in the two groups. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement of cervical rotation only in the SNAGS group after the SNAGS. The applied force between the SNAGS and the anti-SNAGS groups was not significantly different, however, cephalic-caudal component forces were in the opposite directions in the SNAGS and the anti-SNAGS group. Conclusion: The results suggest that mobilization force should be applied according to the understanding of joint kinesiology.
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  • —Sustainability of Exercise by Community-dwelling Elderly Women—
    Toshiki HOSOI, Tomoyuki ARAI, Hiroaki FUJITA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 511-514
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to verify that exercise program based on theories of behavioral science, Loco-tre BBS, led to the sustainability of exercise by community-dwelling elderly women. [Subjects and Method] The subjects were 12 elderly women living in Saitama Prefecture, attending the exercise program, Loco-tre BBS, at regional senior welfare centers in a city. We carried out evaluation and intervention six times in six months. Outcome measures were adherence to exercise, psychological factors for sustainability of exercise, and physical functions. [Results] The adherence to exercise was 84.2%. Eleven participants (91.6%) answered Loco-tre BBS was fun. In addition, many participants were aware of the effect of this training and had better physical functions. [Conclusion] Based on theories of behavioral science Loco-tre BBS facilitated sustainability of exercise by community-dwelling elderly women, and this training was also effective at improving physical function.
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  • Mutsumi ONUKI, Hitoshi MARUYAMA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 515-520
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] We tested the cross-validation with structural analysis of covariance of a newly constructed measure of promotion of feelings of self-efficacy in order to assess feelings of self-efficacy in e-learning among physical therapy students. [Subjects and Method] We conducted e-learning with 77 second year physical therapy vocational school students in the 2009 and 2010 academic years. At the end of the e-learning we measured the self-efficacy promotion measure. Assuming that each academic year grouping had the same structural factors, we investigated the model using simultaneous analysis of several groups. [Results] After imposing an equivalence condition on all the coefficients, the goodness-of-fit of the MIMIC model, the CFI, was 0.922, and the RMSE was 0.083. In the model structure, among the observed variables of Feelings of Achievement, in Accumulation of Experience, the variable showing the greatest influence was: “I had feelings of achievement through e-learning.” [Conclusion] We verified the measure of promotion of feelings of self-efficacy through cross-validation. In order to promote feelings of self-efficacy through e-learning, work to raise the potential factor of Accumulation of Experience will be important for the delivery of e-learning that evokes Feelings of Achievement.
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  • Haruki KOGO
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 521-524
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the posterior tilt of the hip and whether or not there are disparities between the left and right sides in hip flexion exercises in the standing position. [Subjects and Method] The subjects were 15 healthy males (average age, 21.8±1.8 years). We measured the angle the line connecting the anterior and superior iliac crests made with the horizontal in the sagittal plane on the left and right sides as the angle of hip posterior tilt at 0˚, 45˚, 90˚ and maximum hip flexion when the subjects performed active hip flexion on the right side in the standing position. [Results] Flexion of the hip joint was accompanied with significant posterior tilt of the hip bone. The ratio of the right side posterior tilt to the left side was 2:1. Also, the ratio of the flexion movement of the hip joint to the hip posterior tilt was 7:1 at 45˚, 6:1 at 90˚, and 4:1 at maximum flexion. As the angle of hip joint flexion increased, the relative pelvic posterior tilt increased. [Conclusion] The results suggest that hip posterior occurs in hip flexion exercises, and we conjecture that movements of the left and right sacroiliac joints are involved. The results also suggest that for the coxal-femoral rhythm, the relative hip posterior tilt increases as the angle of hip joint flexion increases.
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  • Yukari HORIMOTO, Hitoshi MARUYAMA, Kazuo KUROSAWA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 525-530
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] Focusing on students’ personality and emotionality, we analyzed the factors affecting their academic ability. [Subjects] The subjects were 290 first to fourth year students of a physical therapy training school: 164 males, 126 females, average age 20.69±2.78 years. [Method] We investigated the relationship between semester examination results and psychological tests such as the SDS, Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Goldberg checklist. [Results] The total scores of POMS subscales, Depression and Confusion, had a tendency to increase with academic year. Also, there was a tendency for the Vigor scores of students with academic results in the lower half to be low. Among the Goldberg checklist items, the factor distinguishing academic ability was Diligence, and in structural equation modeling analysis, the scores of three items, Pragmatism, Thoroughness, and Planning Ability, of repeaters were low. [Conclusion] The results suggest that the academic performance of students in the lower half is not an issue related to examinations or clinical training, but rather that personality factors related to comprehending the situation and problem-solving abilities are involved.
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  • Takeshi KERA, Yohei OSHIMA, Akira TAMAKI
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 531-535
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] We studied the effect of the cycle ergometer pedal ratio calculated during locomotor respiratory coupling (LRC) on ventilatory indicators and salivary chromogranin A. [Subjects] Twenty-five subjects participated in our study. [Methods] The subjects were divided into 2 groups: one group performed pedaling at a rate of 50 rpm, and the other group performed pedaling at 40 rpm. First, the subjects pedaled at the anaerobic threshold (AT) under the spontaneous breathing condition for 10 min, and then performed the same exercise under LRC. [Results] The 50-rpm group showed persistent dyspnea under LRC; however, the 40-rpm group showed a significant decrease in the respiratory rate and dyspnea. Human salivary chromogranin A level was not related to coupling between pedaling and breathing. [Conclusion] Dyspnea decreased when the breathing rate during LRC was lesser than that during spontaneous breathing.
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  • Ryuji SUGIYA, Noritsugu HONDA, Yuji HIGASHIMITO, Kazushige MAEDA, Sato ...
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 537-540
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] To clarify the cortical blood flow response during the Miyake paired verbal association learning test (Miyake memory test), we measured blood flow using a near-infrared spectroscope. [Subjects] The subjects were 8 healthy male volunteers: average age, 23.6±3.9 years. [Method] Using a near-infrared spectroscope, we measured the blood flow responses in the prefrontal area during the Miyake memory test. Under the two conditions of related and unrelated pairs of words, we assessed the changes in cortical activation and scores in tasks repeated 3 times. [Results] In the comparison of the score for the third task with that for the first task, we found an increase in the number of correct answers for both related and unrelated pairs of words, and a significant decrease in the oxygenated haemoglobin value. [Conclusion] The results suggest that even in verbal memory tasks, the increase in correct answers arising from frequent repetition of an identical task leads to a reduction in cortical blood flow volume.
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  • Yukari HORIMOTO, Hitoshi MARUYAMA, Kazuo KUROSAWA
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 541-547
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] In order to make clinical training education serve its purpose, we analyzed students’ personality traits and linked them with coaching techniques. [Subjects and Method] The subjects were 166 first to third year students of a four-year vocational training school. We conducted an investigation using academic results, attitudes towards life, the President version of the “Big Five” personality constructs (B5), the short form of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the activity check sheet based on the coaching, and examined which personality traits and related factors had an effect on clinical practice. [Results] In the B5, students with neurotic tendencies showed strong anxiety factors, and in POMS they showed a tendency to have high Tension-Anxiety and Depression scores and low Confusion-Bewilderment scores. This tendency was marked in male students. Also, for the coaching type at this school, the “Analysis-Observer type (Analyzer)” type of student tended to be in the majority. [Conclusion] For in-school education, it is desirable that students’ personality traits should be analyzed soon after entry, so that they can be supported with a suitable coaching technique. We consider it important to bear in mind that encouraging behavioral modification requires sufficient time, information and ascertainment of internal stress.
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CASE STUDY
  • Yasutaka NIKAIDO, Hisatomo SATO, Ryuji TAKAYAMA, Hiroshi OHNO, Ryuichi ...
    2011 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 549-553
    Published: 2011
    Released on J-STAGE: September 22, 2011
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    [Purpose] The stooped posture, which limits various motions and increases the risk of falling, is one of the symptoms accompanying Parkinson’s Disease (PD). It was recently reported that backward walking exercise improved the posture and the ability of forward walking of PD patients. However, the detailed mechanisms of these effects still remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanisms of the immediate effects of backward walking exercise on the posture and postural control of a patient with PD. [Subject] The backward walking exercise and evaluation of the changes in terms of the posture and postural control abilities were conducted for a PD patient (Hoehn & Yahr Stage III) with moderate stooped posture. [Methods] We evaluated the change of the posture, the center of gravity (COG), and the center of pressure (COP) using a force plate and a three-dimensional motion analysis system in 3 kinds of tasks performed by the patient: the static standing posture, the functional reach test (FR) and the cross test (CT). The measurements were performed just before and after a 5-minute backward walking exercise. [Results] In the static standing posture, both COG and COP moved backward and the stooped posture seemed to be moderately improved just after the backward walking exercise. Also, the extent of ankle strategy in postural control in the FR task increased in comparison with the hip strategy, and both COG and COP moved more forward in the CT task after the backward walking exercise. [Conclusion] The results suggest that the backward walking exercise moderately improved the stooped posture and postural control through greater dependence on ankle strategy than on hip strategy, and these effects lead to increased stability in both standing and walking of the patient with PD.
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