Japanese Journal of Limnology (Rikusuigaku Zasshi)
Online ISSN : 1882-4897
Print ISSN : 0021-5104
ISSN-L : 0021-5104
Volume 26, Issue 4
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
  • Tatsuya YAMADA, Masaharu KAWAKATSU
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 113-128
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, the vertical distribution of freshwater planarians in Sapporo City and its adjacent district in Central Hokkaidô is reported. Sapporo City is situated at the northern part of the Ishikari lowland area. Its adjacent district is the lower mountainous land (the highest peak, Mt. Yoichi-dake, is 1488 metres above sea level). The main river system in the area surveyed is the Toyohira River (the large tributary of the Ishikari River which enters into the Ishikari Bay, the Sea of Japan). Surveys of the stations in Sapporo City were made during the years 1956-1965. Surveys of the majority of the other stations were made in July and August, 1965.
    In the area surveyed, seven species of freshwater planarians, Dugesia japonica IGHIKAWA et KAWAKATSU, Phagocata vivida (IJIMA et KABURAKI), Phagocata iwamai ICHIKAWA et KAWAKATSU, Polycelis Sapporo (IJIMA et KABURAKI), Polycelis auriculata IJIMA et KABURAKI, Dendrocoelopsis lacteus ICHIKAWA et OKUCAWA and Dendrocoelopsis ezensis ICHIKAWA et OKUGAWA, were found. Ph. iwamai, Den. lacteus and Den. ezensis were found only in the biotopes in the Ishikari lowland area. D.japonica was found in the biotopes below the altitude of about 285 metres. Ph. vivida, one of the common planarian species in South and Central Hokkaidô, was found only in the brooks, brooklets and springs in the Ashiribetsu River (one of the tributary of the Toyohira River). Pol. sapporo was most common in the biotopes both in the plain and the mountainous district. Pol. auriculata was rather common in the biotopes within the altitude range from about 160 to 1019 metres.
    The inhabitable water temperature ranges of the above-mentioned species of freshwater planarians which were found in Sapporo City and its adjacent district are follows : D.japonica (2.0-19.8°C); Ph.vivida (7.8-10.8°C); Ph.iwamai (2.0-19.6°C) ; Pol. sapporo (2.0-23.5°C); Pol auriculata (4.5-15.7°C); Den. locteus(2.0-19.6°C) ; Den. ezensis (2.0-19.6°C).
    The type of the vertical distribution in the area surveyed is shown as JSV-SVA (Ashiribetsu River) or JS-SA (the other district). The typical type of the vertical distribution in South and Central Hokkaido is shown as JSV-SVA-VA-A (cf. KAWAKATSU 1965, Table I). It seems that the types JSV-SVA and JS-SA are the part of the original type.
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  • Masayuki MUKAI, Masayuki ONAKA
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 129-133
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    At Lake Noziri, the writers made the observations of the vertical distribution of the hydrogen ion concentration etc. on July 25, September 9, and September 22 of 1965.
    On July 25, when the rainy season just ended, the writers observed no layer where the lake water is more alkaline than that of any other layer. After the day, sunny summer weather lasted, and on September 9, they observed an alkaline layer (pH=8.1) conspicuously developed as hitherto observed, in the thermocline of the lake. The writers think the development of the alkaline layer to be attributed partly to the enough radiation of the sun.
    On September 22, however the disappearance of the alkaline layer was observed, the writers consider this phenomenon to be attributed to the circulation, though imperfect, of the lake water caused by heavy rainfall accompanied with the typhoons which had passed before the time of the last observation, near the lake.
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  • Toshihiko MIZUNO, Tadashi TETSUKAWA
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 134-145
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The distribution of fresh-water sponges and bryozoa of Lake Biwa were investigated from August 1963 to January 1965. Along the lake shore of the lake, the specimens were collected on the surfaces of reeds, aquatic plants, and some wooden piers at about 1-2 m depth (Fig. 1).
    As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, six species sponges and four species bryozoa were obtained. The species of the sponges are in order of abundance: Spongilla lacustris (LINNÉ) > Spongilla semispongilla (ANNANDALE) > Heteromeyenia baileyi var. petri (LAUTERBORN) > Spongilla clementis ANNANDALE, Ephydatia mülleri (LIEBERKÜHN), and Ephydatia mülleri var. japonica (HILGENDORF). Those of the bryozoa are Plumatella emarginata ALLMAN> Pectinatella gelatinosa OKA> Lophopodella carteri (HYATT)> Fredericella sultana (BLUMENBACH). It was noticeable that both Sp. lacustris and Pl. emarginata were distributed more widely than the other species in the lake.
    On the whole, it seems that both sponges and bryozoa are found more in the eastern shore than in the western shore and more in the north basin than in the south basin of the lake. In the south basin, Sp. lacustris was abundant, but Sp. clementis was not found. Pl. emarginata predominated in the north basin as well as the east shore. Pec. gelatinosa was more abundant in the south basin than the north basin.
    The vertical distribution of sponges and bryozoa on the reed-stems are shown in Fig. 4. Generally speaking, they are more abundant on reeds growing at the sandy bottom than on those at the muddy bottom.
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  • Masuzo UÉNO
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 146-151
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The material with which the following notes are concerned was taken by Dr. Goiti NAKATA, FAO Expert, Razi Institute in Teheran, Iran. It was collected with a small tow-net hauling in a marsh at Balan-Abad near Teheran on August 15, 1965. The temperature of water of that marsh was 20°C at an atmospheric temperature 22°C. The sample was abundant in minute diatoms and remains of an ostracod. There were found five species of Cladocera, all of which belong to the family Chydoridae living among aquatic vegetation. No typical planktonic forms occurred. The writer is grateful to Dr. NAKATA for providing this meterial.
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  • Atsumi WATANABE, Takeshi UCHIDA, Susumu FURUYA
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages 152-164
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The important results obtained on the identification of iron-sulfur oxdidizing bacteria and the properties of iron oxidizing bacteria in metal mine water were as follows:
    (1) The species of chemosynthetic iron-sulfur oxidizing bacteria have been isolated from the mine water from Komagi Mine. These species are iron-oxidizing bacteria (Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans), and sulfur-oxidizing bacterea (Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus concretivorus), but thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteira (Thiobacillus ferrooxidans) were not certified to exist in the mine water.
    (2) Iron-oxidizing bacteria grow rapidly in the basal salts of the 9K medium at a concentration of about 8000 ppm. Fe2+.
    (3) The optimum temperature for growth of Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans is the range 20 to 30°C, and accelerated by Ferrobacillus ferrooxidans, ferrous sulfate in the 9K medium is rapidly oxidized to the ferric sulfate. At temperatures of 40 and 50°C respectively, these bacteria are not found to exist, and at 15 and 7°C the bacterial growth is very strongly inhibited.
    (4) The bacterial action is most pronounced in media having pH of between 1.6 and 3.0 and in 9k media containing 200-600 ppm. N.
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  • Matsunae TSUDA
    1965 Volume 26 Issue 4 Pages Plate1
    Published: December 30, 1965
    Released on J-STAGE: June 12, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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