巻号一覧
47 巻 (1986)
- 4 号 p. 307-
- 3 号 p. 207-
- 2 号 p. 101-
- 1 号 p. 1-
47 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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-二次元定常モデルによる数値解析-柿沼 忠男, 岸 洋介, 井内 国光, 都築 克明1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 207-218
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThe two-dimensional steady state seawater encroachment problem involving the effect of dispersion is solved for various dispersion coefficients.
The main results are follows : 1) As the dispersion coefficient becomes small, the pattern of the concentration distribution changes from the strong mixing type to the moderate mixing type, a circulating current develops in the lower part of an aquifer near the outlet, and the pressure distribution at the upper boundary of the aquifer becomes close to the one computed by an interface model. 2) As the discharge becomes less, each isoconcentration line intrudes more inland, maintaining its shape, and the circulating current reaches to the upstream region. 3) When the velocity dependent dispersion coefficient is adopted, the characteristic features are different from those in the case of the constant dispersion coefficient ; a concentration distribution showing an abrupt separation of fresh water and salt water, a velocity profile including local fluctuations and a large vortex in the case of relatively small dispersion coefficients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1322K) -
熊谷 光彦, 高村 義親, 矢木 修身, 須藤 隆一1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 219-228
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate blue-green algal/heterotrophic bacterial interactions related to the outbreak of water blooms in eutrophic lakes, heterotrophic bacteria associated with the floc of Microcystis forming the water bloom in Lake Kasumigaura were isolated, and their effects on the growth of an axenic clone of Microcystis aeruginosa K-3A were examined.
It was found that many isolated bacteria stimulated the growth of M. aeruginosa K-3A in the presence of a small amount of nutrient broth. One of them, a strain No. 7, was identified as Moraxella nonliquefaciens.
When M. aeruginosa K-3A was cultivated with M. nonliquefaciens No. 7 in a medium containing 40 mg·1-1 of nutrient broth, the specific growth rate and the maximum growth yield of this alga increased 1.5-2.0 folds and 3-5 fold, respectively. Although organic nutrients usually inhibited the growth of the pure culture of M. aeruginosa K-3A, these were indispensable to promote the growth in the mixed culture with M. nonliquefaciens No. 7. In the mixed culture, considerable numbers of bacterial cells attached to flocs of the alga, and the floc size and buoyancy increased.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1157K) -
黒田 伸郎, 坂本 充1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 229-237
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThe “colony grouping method, ” a simple method to group many heterotrophic bacterial strains, was applied to analyze the structure of the bacterial community in the natural aquatic environment of Lake Suwa. Among 500 strains obtained from this eutrophic freshwater lake in different months, 150 strains were lost during purification and retransferring procedures. The other 350 strains were exposed to the colony grouping test, and 295 strains were classified into 122 colony groups. The strains included in one colony group showed similar morphological and physiological characteristics. A more detailed description of the structure of the heterotrophic bacterial community in Lake Suwa was accomplished by the colony grouping method rather than the generic grouping method. These indicated that this method would be very useful in the study of the structure of the natural heterotrophic bacterial community. The changes in heterotrophic bacterial flora in terms of colony group in Lake Suwa were suggested to be related to that of algal flora.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1110K) -
K. HINO, J. G. TUNDISI, C. S. REYNOLDS1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 239-246
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2010/11/22
ジャーナル フリーDeep maxima of several species of phytoplankton were found to occur in the metalimnion of Lake D. Helvecio, during a period of strong thermal stratification, at depths receiving very low intensities of incident radiation.
The vertical distributions of 14C assimilation and of the photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll a, were investigated to explain the possible causes for the metalimnetic accumulation of biomass.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1026K) -
渋川 慶一, 高村 義親, 高尾 悦子, 入江 美知, 矢木 修身1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 247-255
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーTo reveal growth characteristics of the cyanobacterium Microcystis, a dominant organism of the water bloom occurring in eutrophicated lakes, a survey was conducted on nutritional factors to promote or inhibit the growth of an axenic strain of M. aeruginosa K-3A isolated from Lake Kasumigaura.
A number of compounds such as metals. B-group vitamins, amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, organic nutrients, monosaccharides and organic acids were tested for the effects on the growth of the cyanobacterium. Among compounds tested, iron and vitamin B12 were found to be effective factors to promote growth. Iron was essentially required, and FeSO4 was the most available form of iron compounds tested. Vitamin B12 increased 3- to 5-fold the maximum growth added at the concentration of 100μg·1-1 The promotive effect of vitamin B12 was able to be replaced by cobaltous sulfate. EDTA, a chelating agent which is usually supplied to the culture medium to accelerate the uptake of metals, was unnecessary and rather inhibitory for the growth.
Most organic compounds such as casamino acid, peptone, amino acids and monosaccharides were inhibitory. Several amino acids suppressed remakably the growth at the low concentration of less than 10 mg·1-1.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1052K) -
-深度分布および供給源について-鵜崎 実, 石渡 良志1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 257-267
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーCellulose, non-cellulose carbohydrates and lignin were investigated in a 30 cm core collected from Lake Yunoko, Nikko, Japan. Organic and mineral analyses indicated that two sediment layers (0-8 cm and 19-25 cm : AL layers) are mainly from soil-derived materials, while the other two layers (9-16 cm and 25-27 cm : AU layers) are composed of a larger amount of autochthonous materials relative to soil derived materials.
On the basis of the compositional patterns within non-cellulose carbohydrates which fluctuate in correspondence with the extent of the contribution of soil-derived organic matter relative to lake derived organic matter, it was concluded that rhamnose, fucose and galactose mainly originated from autochthonous organic matter, glucose from soil organic matter, and xylose and arabinose from land higher plant detritus. From these results Gluc/ (Rham+Fuco+ Gala), (Xylo+Arab) / (Rham+Fuco+Gala) and (Gluc+Xylo+Arab) / (Rham+Fuco+Gala) ratios were proposed as useful indices for estimating a relative contribution of allochthonous organic matter to autochthonous organic matter in sediments.
Cellulose showed a vertical profile similar to that of lignin, where the abundance is generally higher in AL layers than in AU layers. Both cellulose and lignin were concluded to be useful as indicators of higher plant contribution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1369K) -
-低酸素濃度下における硝化・脱窒-清家 泰, 近藤 邦男, 伊達 善夫, 石田 祐三郎1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 269-278
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2010/11/22
ジャーナル フリーSamples of water-sediment from the brackish lake Nakanoumi were incubated in the laboratory under conditions of several dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. The total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) concentrations decreased with increasing concentration of DO from 4 to 31%.
Nitrification and nitrate reduction in water-sediment system were simultaneously determined by 15N dilution technique. The rates of nitrification, nitrate reduction and denitrification at 25°C were 9-15, 22-31 and 15-22 mgN·m-2·day-1, respectively.
The summer TIN concentrations in the hypolimnion at the central part of Lake Nakanoumi substantially decreased during the period of 1979-1984. The reason for this interesting phenomenon is also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1098K) -
-Occurrence of Turbid Manganese Layer-八木 明彦, 下平 勇1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 279-289
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThis study was undertaken to clarify in detail the dynamics of manganese and iron in a seasonally anoxic lake. Lake Fukami-ike stratified from March to October, and the anoxic condition prevailed below 4-5 m depth. The occurrence of a turbid layer was found in the boundary of the oxic and anoxic layers from June to October. Its thickness ranged from 0.5-1.8 m in depth. This layer was composed of particulate manganese. At the end of October, the turbid layer gradually spread with the progress of circulation and finally disappeared. The dissolved oxygen concentration at the layer where the maximum of particulate manganese concentration in the water column appeared, was always about 0.5 mg·1-1. The highest concentration of particulate manganese (0.55 mg·1-1), was found at 4.0 m depth on 27 August 1979. The release of manganous ion (Mn2+) from the bottom sediment was observed from the end of March. The maximum concentration of manganous ion in the boundary layer (4.0-4.5 m) and hypolimnion reached 0.1 and 1.5 mg·1-1, respectively.
The profile of dissolved and particulate manganese would be determined according to the balance among the release from the sediment and the dissolution or deposition of oxidized manganese. The particulate manganese would be produced and maintained in the thermocline where the oxygen concentration is about 0.5 mg·1-1. The concentration of dissolved iron seemed to be controlled by the balance among the supply of allochthonous iron, the deposition or dissolution of particulate iron in the hypolimnion and the FeS fixation at the bottom.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1067K) -
八木 明彦1986 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 291-298
発行日: 1986/07/30
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーThe vertical distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and manganese were studied in Lakes Fukami-ike and Suigetsu-ko in detail. An accumulation of particulate manganese and a decrease of DOC were found at the boundary of the oxic and anoxic layers in both lakes. It was confirmed that DOC absorption on the particulate manganese and the pure chemical oxidation by the particulate manganese had made almost no contribution to DOC decrease. The reduction of the particulate manganese was found to be associated with the increase of dissolved manganese and the decrease of DOC or glucose which was added in advance. However, it was suggested that the manganese reducing bacteria have only a partial role in DOC decomposition and that the other role was by other heterotrophies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (881K)
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