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Volume 31 (1979)
- Issue 6 Pages 593-
- Issue 5 Pages 513-
- Issue 4 Pages 387-
- Issue 3 Pages 253-
- Issue 2 Pages 109-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 31, Issue 5
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Yukio YAMORI, Matsuto MOCHIZUKI, Shimpei TOJO1979 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 513-520
Published: September 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the homeostasis of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism during normal pregnancy resembles to the metabolic state of mild diabetes mellitus, pregnancy is often called “diabetogenic”, and, as the foetus depends upon a large and constant glucose supply from the maternal body for its rapid growth and energy demand, it may be called “a glucose dependent parasite”. Therefore, alterations in maternal metabolism will directly lead to changes in fetal metabolism and growth.
The authors investigated the concentrations of blood glucose, serum free fatty acids, triglycerides, β-lipoprotein, insulin, human chorionic somatomammotropin (hCS), plasma glucagon after an overnight fast and the changes of these polypeptide hormones' levels by intravenous or oral G. T. T. in normal women at early, mid and late pregnancy.
In total, 140 normal women from 7th to 40th gestation week who visited the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Kobe University, school of medicine volunteered for this study. Blood was drawn from vein of 70 normal pregnant women after an overnight fast and the other volunteers were subjected to 50 grams O-G. T. T. or 25 grams I. V.-G. T. T.
Serum insulin and hCS were measured by radioimmunoassay of double antibody method, plasma glucagon by radioimmunoassay of charcoal method utilizing antiserum 30K, blood glucose by Hoffman's method, serum FFA by Ui-Itaya's method, serum TG by enzymatic method, and serum β-lipoprotein by the turbidity method of dextran sulfate. All samples were systematically measured simultaneously. All data obtained by these experiments were statistic ally analyzed by student's t test.
The maternal carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and function of pancreas during normal pregnancy are characterized as follows.
1. The basal levels of insulin and glucagon increase as pregnancy advances although there is a slightly lower basal glucose level during pregnancy.
2. Normal women gradually become hyperlipemic from mid toward late pregnancy.
3. At early pregnancy there is a good glucose tolerance, and the response of α and β cells in pancreas is sensitive to hyperglycemia. But from mid toward late pregnancy there is a gradually impaired glucose tolerance, and the hyperglycemic response of α and β cells in pancreas become gradually insensitive.
These alterations of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism during pregnancy have been thought for the causes of insulin insensitivity at peripheral tissues. Among many insulin antagonists, hCS seems to play a leading role.View full abstractDownload PDF (2265K) -
—Significance of their Differentiation with Fetal Development—Hideharu NOMA1979 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 521-531
Published: September 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSComposition of amylase isozymes in the amniotic fluid and their transition in reference to fetal development were studied by means of thin-layer acrylamide gel electrophoresis.
It was demonstrated that the amylase isozymes were composed of a pancreatic type faint major isozyme and several salivary type isozymes consisting of an intense major and a few minor isozymes, and that the elevation of the activity during the third trimester is largely due to an increase of the salivary type isozymes rather than of the pancreatic type isozyme.
The ratio of the pancreatic type isozyme to the salivary type major isozyme proved to be highly correlated with fetal age regardless of the total level of amylase activity.
On the basis of differences of isozyme composition and activity observed between fetal saliva and urine, it was suggested that amylase isozymes in the amniotic fluid were supplied chiefly by fetal saliva and partially by fetal urine.
Hence, it was considered that the increase of amylase activity and/or lowering the ratio during the third trimester should reflect maturation of the fetal salivary glands.View full abstractDownload PDF (5607K) -
Kazuo SHIMA, Takashi NAKAYAMA, Ryosuke NAKANO, Hiroo KIMOTO, Tomio ODA ...1979 Volume 31 Issue 5 Pages 533-539
Published: September 01, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: October 11, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOsteogenesis imperfecta is a rare disorder characterized by abnormal fragility of the bones resulting in fractures after minimal trauma, blue sclerotics, and deafness because of osteosclerosis.
Recently, we have experienced a case of osteogenesis imperfecta congenita diagnosed in utero.
A 24 year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1, who complained of weak fetal movement. The presentation and position of the fetus in the uterus was obscure at 35 weeks. We took prenatal X-ray film and fetography. Prenatal X-ray film did not show the fetal bone clearly, and fetography showed that the extremities were short. Consequently, we diagnosed osteogenesis imperfecta congenita in utero.
The external appearance of the newborn showed enlargement of the head, softness of the calvarium, deformity of the extremities, and blue sclera. The X-ray film of the newborn showed multiple fractures of the ribs extremities. According to the laboratory findings of the case, serum calcium and lymphatic cells were increased. Because ribs and vertebrae showed disturbance of ossification, histopathological diagnosis was osteogenesis imperfecta congenita.View full abstractDownload PDF (4441K)
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