We report two cases of uterine leiomyoma that we had difficulty in making diagnosis. Case 1: A 37 year-old, 0-gravidas woman, visited with the complaint of general fatigue and abdominal bulging. Preoperative diagnosis was ovarian tumor and laparotomy was performed. Cystic tumor growing from anterior fundus of the uterus was confimed. She underwent total hysterectomy. Histopathologically, internal wall of cystic part lacked epithelial tissue, and outer layer was covered with smooth muscle cells. Hence, a diagnosis of leiomyoma with cystic degenaration was made. Case 2: A 38 year-old, 0-gravidas woman, consulted with the complaint of fever, abdominal bulging. Preoperative diagnosis was ovarian tumor and laparotomy was performed. Huge multicystic tumor developing from fundus of the uterus was confirmed, which we judged uterine cyst and performed cystectomy. Uterus was preserved. Histopathological diagnosis was uterine leiomyoma with cystic degeneration. We should include cystic degeneration of the uterine myoma in the diagnosis of cystic tumor in the pelvis. [Adv Obstet Gynecol 50 (4); 413---416, 1998 (H10.7)]
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