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Volume 27 (1996 - 199･･･
- Issue 4 Pages 195-
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Volume 27, Issue 4
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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Koichi AKIMOTO, Shigenori MAEZAWA1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 195-198
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPre-cooled vegetables often are distributed under fluctuating temperature in Japan. Because spinach sometimes loose the commercial value before transaction especially in summer, any guideline of controlled temperature in the shipping should be known. Changes in the quality of spinach during distribution were investigated at fluctuating and constant temperatures after harvest. Respiration rate of spinach was changed sensitively by temperature. The effect of fluctuating of temperature on freshness of spinach was not so much, if the cycle of fluctuation of temperature was near natural condition. However, the very shorter cycle induced the abnormal respiration and the spinach did not keep the green color. For maintaining the freshness of spinach, it seemed to be the best that the low and constant temperature should be kept. If the temperature fluctuated, the cycle of 12 hours was better than one of 6 hours.View full abstractDownload PDF (509K) -
I. Plant Growth and Fruit Yield by Different Sowing Dates Over the YearShoji KOBAYASHI1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 199-206
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSingle-truss tomato plants (cv. ‘Momotaro’, ‘House-Momotaro’ and ‘Multi-First’) were grown on rockwool cubes in a green-house by several sowing dates over the year. Plant growth was good and the percentage of marketable fruit of each variety was about 90%.
The number of days from sowing to flowering, from flowering to the start of harvest and from the start to the end of harvest varied depending on the growing season. As the mean period from flowering to the end of harvest in ‘Momotaro’ was 68.6 days, it was estimated that single-truss tomatoes could be grown 5 times a year.
Estimated annual fruit yields by combination of high quality varieties, ‘Momotaro’ (sowed in January to September) and ‘House-Momotaro’ (sowed in October to December) was 36t/10a and exceeded 50t/10a by ‘Multi-First’, a high yield variety.View full abstractDownload PDF (919K) -
Shi-Qing WANG, Shun-ichiro TANAKA, Kazuo MORITA, Fumihiko TANAKA1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 207-215
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo develop a strawberry storage method, the effect of storage condition on the keeping quality, the cooling characteristic and the availability of modified-atmosphere packing were investigated. The results revealed that (1) the changes in strawberry particle temperature during cooling period could be predicted, (2) the storage temperature of -1°C and more than 90% relative humidity is required to maintain the acceptable appearance and internal quality, (3) the quality of strawberry could be maintained for more than 40 days by packing in polystyrene film and storing below 0°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (1068K) -
Munehiro TANAKA, Takayuki KOJIMA1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 217-224
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo apply the partial least square regression (PLS) to the growth diagnoses on the fruit of Japanese pear by Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), measurements for constituent sugar concentrations (%w/w) in the juice of the developing Japanese pear fruits by NIRS were conducted by PLS, and the assignment of PLS latent variables as independent variables were examined by using PLS loadings.
Results of the PLS regression indicated that the optimum number of scores for sucrose, glucose, fructose, and sorbitol were 10, 5, 11, and 10. The correlation coefficients (R) were 0.96, 0.90, 0.99 and 0.99, with the standard error of prediction of 0.21, 0.17, 0.19 and 0.31 respectively.
The first calculated latent variable of each constituent sugar appeared to integrate water information. In the second and subsequent loadings, many absorption bands assigned to sugar were loaded with sugar information. It indicated that PLS regression was effective analytical method for the growth diagnoses on Japanese pear fruits by NIRS.View full abstractDownload PDF (826K) -
Purifying Milking Waste WaterHiroyasu UCHIDA, Hiroyasu SHIRATO, Masahiro TEZUKA, Juzo MATSUDA, Jun- ...1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 225-230
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was carried out to determine the feasibility of purifying milking waste water by using a freeze-concentrating technique that makes use of cold outdoor air. After partially freezing the waste water, the upper layer of ice contains less waste, as the waste is naturally concentrated in the lower unfrozen layer of waste water.
In this study, waste water contained in a vessel (70mm in diameter and 210mm deep) was frozen from the top downwards by blowing cold ambient air horizontally across the water surface in a freezing room.
The results are summarized as follows:
1) As the cold ambient air temperature decreased and the air velocity increased, the freezing rate of the ice layer increased.
2) As the freezing rate increased, the COD concentration in the frozen layer increased and the purifying rate (i. e., COD concentration in the waste water/COD concentration of frozen layer) decreased. This is due to the fact that when the freezing rate is too high, the waste is trapped during the ice crystallization process.
3) As the ice layer grew in thickness, the COD concentration of the newest ice also increased. As a result the COD concentration within the ice layer varied with the location within the ice layer, such that the concentration was lowest at the ice surface and increased with ice depth.
4) Based on the results of this experiment, we were able to develop a predictive equation that relates the COD concentration in the ice layer to the known ambient cold air temperature, the air velocity and the freezing rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1878K) -
Takaaki MAEKAWA, Zhen Ya ZHANG1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 231-236
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe competition for H2 substrate and the symbiotic relation between sulfate-reducing-bacteria (SRB) and methane-producing-bacteria (MPB) were investigated in this study for the acclimated-mixed-methanogens culture from CO2 and H2. The medium was cultured with antibiotics where growth of eubateria was inhibited but not methanogens, and without antibiotics where sulfate was used as a sulfur source. In the case of the medium without antibiotics, colony-forming-curves (CFC) of the SRB increased from 7.2×106/mL to 4.4×107/mL after 1 day of tube cultivation, while CFCs of MPB increased less rapidly. Entering growth phase after 2 days, CFCs of MPB rapidly increased from 1.6×109/mL to 2.2×1010/mL. In the case of the medium containing antibiotics, SRB was completely inhibited, thus sulfate reduction to sulfide was impossible. Comparison of CFCs of MPB and methane gas formation showed that numbers were less in the medium containing antibiotics, than in the medium without antibiotics. MPB were not capable of reducing sulfate to sulfide, thus CFCs and methane gas formation were reduced. These results suggested that SRB, which exists symbiotically with predominant methanogens, produced a sulfur source by reducing sulfate to sulfide. The reduction consequentially provided an environment for the development of strictly anaerobic organisms, thereby accelerating the growth of methanogens. The role that SRB played in symbiotic methanogenesis was evaluated and examined in this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (2421K) -
Eiji BEKKI1997 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 237-244
Published: March 25, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: September 05, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Australian paddy drying and strage facility adopts an aeration system using high capacity holding bins as dryer and storage at the same time in which high moisture paddy are piled and dried slowly until storage moisture. Distinct features, unseen before, were noticed on the shape of the bins and the system of loading and unloading of paddy grain. Monitoring of operations as well as the temperature and moisture content of the grain using computers to ensure efficient drying and safe storage would be useful for designing and operating Japanese rice facilities in the future. The overall rice production and industry facilities in Australia are introduced in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (4632K)
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