The apparatus devised consists of two buffer vessels, two Ag(AgCl)KCl-electrodes, two electrode vessels, a horizontal plate, a cover, and a supporter frame-work for filterpaper.
A few basic experiments were performed by means of this apparatus.
The buffer used was veronal-acetate buffer at pH8.6.
Results:
1) Veronal-buffer was found incomparably best adapted for filterpaper-electrophoretic analysis of blood serum.
2) 15 hours' electrophoresis under the current of 2mA or so was found to be most appropriate.
3) 0.02cc of serum was sufficient for the purpose.
4) The same buffer could be used 5 times in succession without any practical disadvantage.
5) The result obtained was approximately identical with that obtained by the use of the classical Tiselius apparatus.
6) The serum values obtained in 10 normal persons averaged Alb. 59.0%, α₁-Glob. 3.7%, α₂-Glob. 5.9%, β-Glob. 10.8% and γ-Glob. 20.6%.

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1. The quantitative precipitin curves of horse serum and its rabbit antibody showed two maximum precipitation zones (so-called double zone), and we were able to analyze them into the quantitative precipitin curves of its several components, namely, albumin, α, β and γ-globulin. α-globulin and γ-globulin showed higher antigenicity than albumin against the antihorseserum rabbit antibody.
Albumin, α, β and γ-globulin had different equivalence zones of their own and albumin and γ-globulin had no crossreactivity between them.
2. A quantitative precipitin curve was traced by the reaction of synthetic mixed antigen (egg albumin plus bovine serum γ-globulin), and we were able to analyze the curve into curves which could be attributed to the reaction of its components, egg albumin and γ-globulin against their respective antibodies.
It was proved that the precipitable antibody N produced by the reaction of the compound antigen against its antibody was equal to the sum total of each component of compound antigen, when its components have no crossreactivity among them. Native compound protein, bovine lens protein and its components α, β Crystalline was studied, and approximately identical results was obtained, as α and β crystalline had no crossreactivity between them.
The quantitative precipitin curves of the compound antigen and antibody system indicated a wide zone (or double zone).
From the double zone which appears with the initial reaction of synthetic mixed antigen against its antibody, it was inferred that the antibody produced by an injection of egg albumin and bovine serum γ-globulin contained egg albumin and γ-globulin antibody, as well as a very small amount of antibody reactive both to egg albumin and to γ-globulin.
3. The solubility of specific precipitate was measured by the quantitative precipitin method and it was recognized that the precipitate diminished in proportion as the solvent increases.
The precipitate quantity obtained by antigen antibody dilution method could be expressed by the following equation;
Z=(2R+1)x-R²x²/Ay
where
Z; total N precipitated
x; antigen concentration
y; antibody concentration
From this equation, it was proved that the isoprecipitate line drew approximate hyperbola and the quantitative prectpitin curve of constant antibody traced parabola, while the quantitative precipitin curve of constant antigen did hyperbola. The antibody titer in a given precipitate was proportional to the antibody N in original serum, where its solubility was at its lowest level.
The antigen titer in a geven precipitate was approximately proportional to the antibody/antigen ratio of equivalence zone in original serum.
During immunization process, the antigen titer in a given precipitate increased as the determinant group and antibody/antigen ratio increased, and the equivalence zone shifted from antibody excess side to antigen excess side.
4. The electrophoretical pattern of the specific precipitate in alkali dissociation (Urea-NaOH buffer, pH 12.3.) showed two separate antigen and antibody peaks. The peaks shown in the electrophoretical pattern of the soluble component by the specific precipitate in antigen excess zone was observed to appear in terms of mobility in the middle between the peak of antigen and that of antibody.
5. Antibody in 80% purity was isolated by peptic digestion of the specific precipitate and franctionation with 15% ethanol.

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A study was made on the error resulting from the measurement of the different fractionation of serum protein by the electrophoresis method. The error was studied on two groups: one group consisted of measurements made by many people on one sample (I), and the other consisted of measurements made repeatedly on the same sample by one person (II). Results obtained were as follows:
1) The standard deviations of the group consisting of many people, including several untrained, for albumin, α-globulin, β-globulin, γ₁-globulin and γ₂-globulin were ±4.2%, ±2.6%, ±4.4%, ±2.4% and ±2.2% respectively.
2) The causes of the deviations were unsatisfactory separation of the various peaks, β-disturbance and unskillful tracing of the pattern by the untrained.
3) The deviations of the measurements made by one person on the same sample, group II, for albumin, β-globulin and γ₁-globulin were markedly smaller than in the group I.

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Observation was made on 20 patients with various diseases who received the transplantation of cow's pituitary glands with regard to its therapeutical effect and the changes in the leucocyte and in the constituents of serum protein. Its therapeutical value differd from patient to patient depending upon the kind of disease. An appreciable effect was seen in Alopecia. As for the leucocyte counts, increase was noted in 8 cases, decrease in 6 cases, 4 of which had received the transplantation twice, and no mentionable changes in 9 cases.
A slight increase of the eosinophilic leucocyte was observed in 9 cases, a slight decrease in 5 cases and no changes in 3 cases.
An increase of gamma-globulin was seen in 4 cases, 10 cases showed no obvious changes and a slight decrease was detected in 9 cases.
From the results above mentioned, we were unable to draw any definite conclusion as to the effect of the transplantation of cow's pituitary glands upon the leucocyte and the constituents of serum protein.

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