生物物理化学
Online ISSN : 1349-9785
Print ISSN : 0031-9082
ISSN-L : 0031-9082
51 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
第58回日本電気泳動学会総会講演抄録
第46回日本電気泳動学会児玉賞受賞講演
2007年度日本電気泳動学会国際学術賞平井賞受賞講演
特別講演
シンポジウム 1 臨床プロテオミクスの現状と将来像―網羅的から選択的解析へ/定性から定量的解析へ
シンポジウム 2 遺伝子診断2007―解析法の進歩と臨床応用への展望
一般演題
原著
  • 木下 英司, 木下 恵美子, 青木 悠里, 小池 透
    2007 年 51 巻 3 号 p. 199-206
    発行日: 2007年
    公開日: 2009/12/04
    ジャーナル フリー
    We developed a novel type of phosphate-affinity polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using an alkoxide-bridged dinuclear manganese(II) complex as a phosphate-binding tag, Phos-tag. The phosphate-affinity site is a polyacrylamide-bound Mn2+-Phos-tag that enables the mobility shift detection of phosphorylated proteins from their nonphosphorylated counterpart in an SDS-PAGE gel and the quantitative analysis of kinase reactions. Herein, we describe three applications of protein kinase profiling using the phosphate-affinity electrophoresis (Mn2+-Phos-tag SDS-PAGE). The first application is in vitro kinase activity profiling for the analysis of varied phosphoprotein status. The activity profiles of six kinds of kinases were determined using a substrate, Tau, which has a number of phosphorylation sites. Each kinase demonstrated characteristic multiple bands up-shifted from the nonphosphorylated Tau due to differences in the phosphorylation sites and stoichiometry. The second is in vivo kinase activity profiling for the analysis of protein phosphorylation involved in intracellular signal transduction. The time-course changes in the EGF-induced phosphorylation levels of Shc and MAPK in A431 cells were visualized as highly up-shifted migration bands by subsequent immunoblotting analysis. The final application is in vitro kinase inhibition profiling for the quantitative screening of kinase-specific inhibitors. The inhibition profile of a tyrosine kinase, Abl, was determined using the substrate Abltide-GST and the approved inhibitor Glivec. The dose-dependent inhibition of Glivec was determined by a change in the ratio of the monophosphorylated and nonphosphorylated Abltide-GST bands.
シンポジウム:エピジェネティクスとRNAワールド
  • 舩渡 忠男, 竹田 真由, 吉田 真美
    原稿種別: シンポジウム1:エピジェネティクスとRNAワールド
    2007 年 51 巻 3 号 p. 207-209
    発行日: 2007年
    公開日: 2009/12/04
    ジャーナル フリー
    In many experimental systems, antisense nucleic acids of various compositions, including antisense oligodeoxynucleotides, ribozymes, and DNAzymes, have been shown to perturb gene expression in a sequence specific manner. Nevertheless, we have employed need to be optimized with regard to intracellular delivery, targeting, chemical composition, and efficiency of mRNA destruction. These sequence-specific inhibitors of gene expression may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of a wide range of diseases. We have addressed these critical issues lead to the development of practical and effective nucleic acid drugs within this review.
  • 水谷 隆之, 山田 佳世子
    原稿種別: シンポジウム1:エピジェネティクスとRNAワールド
    2007 年 51 巻 3 号 p. 211-214
    発行日: 2007年
    公開日: 2009/12/04
    ジャーナル フリー
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are relatively short, 22nt~, and endogenous non-coding RNAs. It is known to act as a sequence specific regulator of post-transcriptional gene expression in many eukaryotes, most of the time with some sequence mismatches against target genes. Recently, a couple of miRNAs have been shown to be involved in oncogenic pathway, development, or cell differentiation. miRNAs are now getting attention to its diverse regulatory and catalytic functions.
    Although many of the miRNA sequences have been registered in the public databases and their target genes are predicted by computational analysis, the empirical verification has to be done. One of the difficulties to study the miRNA function will be that its structural and regulatory characteristics.
    In order to overcome this difficulty and utilize miRNA as an experimental tool, we investigated a system to detect, knockdown, and / or overexpress miRNAs. First, we adopted bicyclic nucleic acid, Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA), to improve affinity and single nucleotide discrimination. Next, we established the system to introduce synthetic oligos or RNAs expressed from lentiviral vectors to cells. A novel approach based on these principles on miRNA and its pathway analysis will be discussed.
  • 岡野 正樹
    原稿種別: シンポジウム1 エピジェネティクスとRNAワールド
    2007 年 51 巻 3 号 p. 215-217
    発行日: 2007年
    公開日: 2009/12/04
    ジャーナル フリー
    DNA methylation plays important roles in repressing gene expression and transmitting the silenced state to daughter cells. During embryogenesis, DNA methylation of the mammalian genome is dynamically regulated in stage-, sequence- and lineage-dependent manners. Loss of DNA methylation by inactivation of DNA methyltransferase genes resulted in developmental arrest in mice. These observations suggest that DNA methylation controls developmental gene regulation during embryogenesis, but its regulatory mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we show that CpG islands associated with the X-linked homeobox gene cluster Rhox, which is highly expressed in the extraembryonic trophectoderm, are differentially methylated in a stage- and lineage-specific manner during the post-implantation development of mice. Inactivation of both Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, DNA methyltransferases essential for the initiation of de novo DNA methylation, abolished the establishment of DNA methylation and the silencing of Rhox cluster genes in the embryo proper. The Dnmt3-dependent CpG island methylation at the Rhox locus extended for a large genomic region (about 1 Mb) containing the Rhox cluster and its surrounding genes. Complementation experiments using ES cells deficient in the DNA methyltransferases suggested that the regulation of Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b was restricted within this large genomic region, and did not affect the neighboring genes outside it, implicating the existence of region-specific boundaries. Our results suggest that DNA methylation plays important roles in both long-range gene silencing and lineage-specific silencing in embryogenesis.
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