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Volume 20 (1986)
- Issue 3 Pages 161-
- Issue 2 Pages 83-
- Issue 1 Pages 5-
Volume 20, Issue 3
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Classification by Cluster AnalysisYutaka Ikeyama, Ken-ichi Kurata, Ichiroh Iida1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 161-166
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSensory evaluation is an effective method in cosmetic studies, however, it sometimes gives unsuitable sensory profiles of cosmetic samples when the terms are unfit for the purpose. Therefore it is necessory that the sensory terms are discussed in detail and carefully selected for fitting the purpose. In this sense it is expected to study the sensory terms and their relations.
We report the classification of the sensory terms using cluster analysis of the sensory evaluation data with 48 nourishing creams and a panel of 99 women.View full abstractDownload PDF (849K) -
Mieko Kuwayama, Yoji Wachi, Susumu Seto, Mitsuo Yanagi1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 167-179
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe microbial flora of the facial skin was examined through the year for 41 healthy female subject. In order to study the relationship between microbial flora and skin surface conditions, physiological parameters (skin surface lipid, skin surface morphology and Transepidermal Water Loss) were also determined. The facial skin types were classified by skin surface lipid and skin surface morphology.
The predominant microorganisms on the skin were Propionibacterium acnes as anaerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus S2, aerobic diphtheroids, micrococci as aerobic, and incidence of micrococci was increased in winter. Aerobic bacteria were clossly related to TWL and skin surface morphology and it was shown that micrococci were detected more frequently on the dry and flaky skin. In the relationship between microbial flora and skin type, it was shown that P. acnes was predominantly detected on every type skin. On the other hand Staphylococcus S2 was predominantly isolated on the “normal skin”. micrococci were found on the “dry-type, oily skin” and both Staphylococcus S2 and aerobic diphtheroids were on the “oily skin”, respectively. Furthermore, it was revealed that staphylococci and the supernatants of the culture fluid inhibit the growth of micrococci.
From these results, it was suggested that dry and flaky skin or “dry-type, oily skin” would be improved by inhibition of growth of micrococci with staphylococci.View full abstractDownload PDF (3650K) -
Application to Cosmetic ProductsFumiyo Mochizuki, Keiichi Honda, Tohru Yoneya1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 180-185
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed a new system designed for composition analysis of mixtures of organic compounds.
This system consists of the measurement of 13C-NMR (CMR) spectrum of an unknown sample (usually a mixture of manifold compounds) and of subsequent computer analysis of the spectrum. The analyses of CMR spectra are carried out on the basis of the standard spectra of authentic compounds which are already stored in floppy disks (data base).
The first step of the procedure is to search candidate compounds that are deemed to be present in the sample, The second step is the signal assignment, which is conducted accoding to multiple regression analysis, and the final step of simulation which is made so as to minimize the sum of the square of error (difference between the observed signal intensity and the calculated one) gives the relative composition of each component.
In the present study, we have applied this system to the composition analysis of cosmetic products such as lipsticks and creams, and the results demonstrated the usefulness of this new system for both qualitative and quantitative determination of various mixtures.
This system requires little or no separation process nor technical knowledge of the operator, and is also applicable to a variety of scientific fields other than cosmetic research. The system, however, is not suitable for the analysis of trace components or polymers because of the insufficient sensitivity of CMR spectroscopy.View full abstractDownload PDF (895K) -
Morphological changes in corneocyteMotoji Takahashi, Masami Aizawa, Yasuhiko Machida, Ronald Marks1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 194-200
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMorphological changes in corneocyte were investigated in relation to skin aging. Corneocyte was sampled with the detergent scrub technique using Triton X-100 and stained with a mixture of methylene blue and rhodamine B. The following parameters were measured; surface area, perimeter, shape factor, nuclear inclusion, and numerical counts. Surface area and perimeter of corneocyte increased with age (r=0.838 for male, r=0.73 for female between surface area and age; r=0, 823 for male, r=0.725 for female between perimeter and age), however, there was no direct relationship between shape factor and age. In males aged over 50 years, corneocyte surface area was 1.42 times larger than that under 9 years, and in females aged over 50 years surface ares was 1.34 times larger than that under 9 years. These observations suggest that the morphological parameters of corneocyte could be very useful to assess skin aging.View full abstractDownload PDF (1574K) -
Hitoshi Masai, Yuri Okano, Masashi Fujii, Takamasa Atsumi, Ken-ichi Sa ...1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 206-209
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn considering the effectiveness of cosmetics, the moisturizing effect on the skin is most important.
This consists of two components, one being the occlusivity which supress water evaportion, and the other is water holding capacity. The new method for measuring the water evaporation rate has been developed by us. This method is made up by anhydrous cobalt chloride paper and high-speed spectrophotometer, Anhydrous cobalt chloride changes color from blue to pink when it absorbs water. The change in the reflectance was measured with a high-speed spectrophotometer. The detail of this method and examples measured were reported.View full abstractDownload PDF (659K) -
Toshiyuki Kobayashi, Hirohito Sasaki, Satoru Nakata, Youichi Kobaru, H ...1986 Volume 20 Issue 3 Pages 210-216
Published: December 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: August 06, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHard gel and soft gel were formed over a fixed region of ternary systems composed of dioctadecyldimetyl ammonium chloride (DOAC), polyols and oils. (1) When soft gels were diluted with water, very stable emulsions were obtained. (2) Relationships between hardness of soft gels and gel composion, temperature were investigated. (3) Structures of soft gels were studied with a differential scanning calorimeter, a X-ray diffractometer and a microscope by polarized light.
Hard gel showed a liquid crystalline structure. But no liquid crystalline structure was observed in oil-riched soft gel (the composition: DOAC 2-3%, glycerin 20-60% and oil 37-78%).
On the other hand, two-component system of DOAC and glycerin (the range of the weight ratio of 5/95 to 50/50) showed a characteristic of liquid crystalline structure.
Size of oil droplets was determined to be 0.4-1.5μm from a frozen electron microscopy of the above soft gel, and the size did not change by the dilution of gel by water.
It is suggested from the above observations that the soft gel which gives a very stable emulsion by the dilution and shows no liquid crystalline structure is composed of micro-oil droplets surrounded by disordered liquid crystal of DOAC and glycerin.View full abstractDownload PDF (2694K)
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