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Volume 49, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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YUICHI KANAIArticle type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 1-28,112
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSIt is certain that the Bank Charter Act of 1844 contributed to the development of British capitalism. But the Act of 1844 was one which could not work in an expected way and caused unexpected difficulties. Although the Act of 1844 lasted for long without amendment, it could not preserve its original spirit. The Bank of England acted according to the spirit of the Act of 1844 for a few years after its enforcement, Soon, however, the Bank of England had to change her behaviour as the defects of the Act of 1844 came to the front. At first, after the crisis of 1847 the Bank of England withdrew from competition with discount market. Then, at the crisis of 1857 the Bank of England came to function as lender of last resort more than at the crisis of 1847, and. after that the Bank began to act not as a banker like other banks but as keeper of the central reserve; the Bank began to operate the Bank Rate with intent to maintain the reserve for public interest. The Bank of England harmonized her behaviour with her own position in the credit system as above, even if still imperfectly. Consequently it faded out gradually to argue about the Act of 1844. The Act of 1844 got a fixed Position in the structure of British capitalism after 1857. But it means no other than the Act of 1844 was skeletonized. Because, according to the original spirit of this act, the Bank of England should determine the amount of Notes automatically in obedience to the amount of the bullion reserve and do not do anything to maintain the reserve, moreover Banking Department should be managed as a banker like other banks. The formation of the Bank Rate policy in the Bank of England means negation of the spirit of the Act of 1844. When the Act of 1844 got a fixed position, it had become a "empty shell", and perhaps it could not get a fixed position without becoming a "empty shell".View full abstractDownload PDF (2114K) -
KAZUO HORIArticle type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 29-54,110-111
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSLittle is known about the financial system in Korea. There are some papers on the period before 1910, but almost nothing about: the colonial period except some brief bank histories. The purpose of this article is to clarify some characteristics of the financial system during the colonial period in Korea by analyzing managerial conditions of commercial banks and the polcies of the Japanese Government in Korea. Commercial banks had been founded over Korea since the middle of 1910s, which were different from ones at the end of the Li Dynasty. It means they were purely private ones which had nothing to do with the government and didn't get any privileges from it. The founders are categolized into two, one is Japanese successful people among the immigrants in earlier periods and the other is Korean local rising landowners. At that time in Korea, it was this financial sector that was the most vivid investigating field. The primary function of these banks was to establish the economic relation between Japan and Korea within Korea, which was expanding and getting close at that moment. These banks were not able to supply the necessary amount of money with an increase in demand for money. Because the collecting deposit of these banks were interfered with by the colonial economic structure, which had very weak industry on the one hand and very profittable agriculture on the other. In addition to this condition, economic panics and depressions made the managerial condition of commercial banks very much worse. In Korea, the Japanese Government and the Bank of Korea protected these commercial banks positively in order to expand the credit structure. When they confronted a managerial crisis, they were rescued by the Bank of Korea with its financing, in other words, they were subordinated to it. This very fact. became a crucial reason to prevent from the independence of these banks and consequently to enforce the amalgamation policy of each bank on the initiative of the Bank of Korea. As long as this weakness of commercial banks was caused by the colonial economic structure, however, it was inevitable that the Japanese Government could not succeed in the promotion policy of commercial banks in the end. After all, Japan failed to establish a stable credit structure in Korea.View full abstractDownload PDF (2457K) -
Akihiro SakaiArticle type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 55-74
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (1848K) -
Kimio ShiozawaArticle type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 75-84
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (738K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 85-87
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (390K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 87-90
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (472K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 90-92
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (368K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 93-95
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (402K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 95-99
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (607K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 99-102
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (485K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 102-105
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (495K) -
[in Japanese]Article type: Article
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 105-107
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (344K) -
Article type: Bibliography
1983 Volume 49 Issue 1 Pages 109-112
Published: May 25, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: July 15, 2017
JOURNAL OPEN ACCESSDownload PDF (133K)
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