This paper studies the historical changes in Atami hot springs during the interwar period and regional society's response to changes in natural conditions of the spa, increase in users, and preservation of the hot springs, which are a renewable resource. It also focuses on the hot-springs policy of the local government, which acted as the regulating authority. Regulation of Atami's hot springs, which were organized under the property ward, became urgent due to a surge in the number of users and depletion of the hot springs. The town government assumed joint control and became solely responsible for management of the central hot springs, in addition to conducting exclusive development to increase the volume of spring water, and simultaneously handling allocation of the water. Three points are discussed regarding the functions of these town-owned hot springs. First, wasteful usage of the springs was eliminated, and efficient usage enabled. Second, by avoiding usage risks, usage of the springs was stabilized. Third, by realizing "open springs usage," it became possible for many residents to make use of the springs. With regard to the Atami hot springs, the regional community adjusted its use of the town-owned hot springs within the context of administrative policies and regulations, and, through efficient use of the limited resource, subsequent development was made possible.
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