巻号一覧
50 巻 (2006)
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- 5 号 p. 239-
- 4 号 p. 175-
- 3 号 p. 115-
- 2 号 p. 69-
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50 巻, 4 号
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総説
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中村 寛海, 西川 禎一2006 年 50 巻 4 号 p. 175-184
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/08
ジャーナル フリーListeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of foodborne listeriosis in humans. Japan has an average of 83 cases of listeriosis per year and an estimated incidence of 0.65 cases per million residents, which is lower than the values reported in some European countries and the United States. Nevertheless, the level of contamination in retail food products in Japan is roughly equivalent to that reported in these countries, where large outbreaks have occurred. Japan might therefore face a similar risk of foodborne listeriosis outbreaks. Ready-to-eat seafood (such as cold-smoked fish) has been linked to sporadic cases of listeriosis. In Japan, a wide range of ready-to-eat seafood products are consumed in great quantities. We investigated L. monocytogenes contamination in commercially available ready-to-eat seafood products during 1999 and 2000. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 13% (12 of 95) of the tested products. All the positive samples were cold-smoked fish products. Molecular typing of the isolates suggested that the products were contaminated with persistent strains that were unique to their respective manufacturers. We investigated manufacturing plant A to trace L. monocytogenes isolates to the source of contamination. As the result of this, a combined analysis of the seasonal prevalence of this bacterium and molecular typing of the isolates in the plant suggested that the product contamination was associated with the slicing machines. Implementation of an effective washing and cleaning regime for the slicing machines resulted in a marked decrease in the incidence of L. monocytogenes contamination of the finished products.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (261K) -
仲谷 正2006 年 50 巻 4 号 p. 185-196
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/08
ジャーナル フリーPolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are widespread environmental pollutants which can induce various toxic responses including carcinogenesis, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity and adverse effects on reproduction and development. Some polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are also known as dioxin-like coplanar PCBs, which are aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor agonists and elicit biochemical and toxicological responses in humans and laboratory animals similar to those caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). These chemicals are collectively referred to in Japan as dioxins.
Concern over dioxin levels in human milk has grown especially due to the link with the health of breast-fed infants and has led to the conduct of human milk monitoring programs in a number of countries including Japan. In Osaka City, the first survey of dioxin concentrations in human milk was carried out during the period from June 1999 to January 2002. In addition to reporting the results of the survey, the present paper reviews data on: 1) dioxins in human milk in Japan and other countries; 2) the relationship between dioxin levels in human milk and the personal history and living environment of the mother; 3) the relationship between TEQ levels in human milk where such levels are considered environmental or background levels and effects on children’s health as observed in a number of epidermal studies.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (281K)
報文
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野田 勉, 山野 哲夫, 大嶋 智子, 清水 充2006 年 50 巻 4 号 p. 197-205
発行日: 2006年
公開日: 2006/08/08
ジャーナル フリーThe contact sensitizing potentials and cross reactivity patterns of 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile (TPN) were evaluated in a modified guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) and the non-radioactive murine local lymph-node assay (LLNA). TPN was identified as a strong sensitizer in the GPMT with a minimum induction dose of 0.5 ppm and a minimum elicitation dose of 0.5 ppm, and in the LLNA with a minimum induction dose of 0.01%. TPN-sensitized animals cross-reacted to 2 pyridine derivatives, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-4-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine (TCMSP) and pentachloropyridine (PCPyr), but not chlorobenzene derivatives. TPN, TCMSP and PCPyr exhibited mutual cross-reactivity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (300K)
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