日本生気象学会雑誌
Online ISSN : 1347-7617
Print ISSN : 0389-1313
ISSN-L : 0389-1313
22 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
  • 小山 関哉, 小林 俊夫, 久保 恵嗣, 福島 雅夫, 吉村 一彦, 芝本 利重, 半田 健次郎, 草間 昌三
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Clinical investigations were performed in 27 patients with high altitude pulmonay edema (HAPE) . The altitude of the onset was relatively low altitude (from 2, 680 m to 3, 190 m above sea level) . Symptoms included marked shortness of breath, undue dyspnea, cough, and stridor. Physical examinations revealed cyanosis, tachycardia, and rales. Neurological disturbances such as headache, vomiting, memory disturbance, clouding of consciousness or coma were accompanied.
    Laboratory data showed hemoconcentration and leucocytosis, but relative thrombocytepenia was observed at the beginning of treatment, compared with the data at the leaving hospital. CPK increased remarkably and CRP was positive. Arterial blood gasometric analysis showed hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis.
    Chest roentgenograms at the beginning of treatment revealed prominent, dilated main pulmonary artery, and a coarse patchy mottling with confluencies. The distribution of shadow was often asymmetric and involved any parts of the lung fields. The right ventricle enlargement was also observed. During recovery, the prominence of the pulmonary vasculature receded, and there was a spectacular clearing of infiltrates.
    Hemodynamic studies demonstrated that HAPE was a noncardiogenic type of pulmonary edema. The characteristics were followed by 1. pulmonary hypertension, which was not normalized by 100% oxygen inhalation, 2. normal pulmonary arterial wedge pressure, 3. normal cardiac output, and 4. increased pulmonary arteriolar resistance.
    The edema fluid aspirated through endotracheal tube was protein-rich fluid.
    These findings may suggest that HAPE is due to the increase in microvascular permeability.
  • 堀 清記, 飯塚 平吉郎
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 9-16
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Anthropometric measurements and observation of physiological responses to heat were made in July on 25 young male residents in Okinawa who were born and reared in Okinawa, subtropical zone (group 0) and 23 young male residents in Okinawa born and reared in the Main Islands (temperate zone) but moved to Okinawa in less than three years (group M) . Sweat tests were performed by immersion of both legs up to the knees in a stirred water bath of 42°C in a room of 30°C, 70% relative humidity for 60 min. Subjects in group O were shorter in height, lighter in body weight with a less subcutaneous fat layer than those in group M, and showed greater value of the ratio of body surface area to body weight. Group O showed higher mean skin temperature and less metabolic rate at 30°C than group M. Since higher mean skin temperature indicates greater capacity for non-evaporative heat dissipation, higher skin temperature in addition to less metabolic rate for group O might explain the longer latent period of sweating, a smaller sweat volume and less rise in core temperature in heat. Sweating reaction for subjects in group O was characterized by longer latent period of sweating, lower sweat rate and lower Na concentration in sweat, and was similar to that of tropical natives. Difference in physiological responses to heat between two groups might reflect more advanced heat acclimatization of subjects in group O when compared with those in group M.
  • 堀 清記, 田中 信雄
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 17-21
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    非運動鍛練者の男子大学生10名について, 暑熱暴露時の生理的反応の季節変動と冬季に中和温域でR.M.R.5.0の運動を60分間連日2週間行わせる運動鍛練による変化を測定して, つぎのような結果を得た.
    1.夏には冬と比較して発汗量の増加, 汗のNa濃度の低下, 直腸温上昇度の減少, および心拍数増加度の減少の季節変動がある.
    2.運動鍛練による馴化により, 発汗量の増加, 汗のNa濃度のわずかの減少, 直腸温上昇度の減少および心拍数の著しい減少が認められた.
    3.汗のNa濃度の季節変動は運動鍛練による変化より大きく, 心拍数増加度の季節変動は運動による変化より小さかった.
    4.発汗量と直腸温上昇度の比率の季節変動は, 運動鍛練時とほとんど同じであった.
    5.発汗量当りの汗のNa濃度の減少は, 季節変動による夏の減少度が運動鍛練による低下より大きかった.
    6.心拍数の増加度と直腸温上昇度との比は, 運動鍛練による減少が季節変動による夏の減少より大きかった.
  • 岡本 和人
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 23-29
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    大気中炭酸ガスの増加は, 農業に対し有益な効果 (光合成促進など) と有害な効果 (干ばつなど) の双方を持つ.アメリカの大豆, とうもろこし, および小麦の収量に対する炭酸ガス増加の影響を, 上記の有益および有害の効果双方を考慮に入れて計算した.
    炭酸ガス増加は使用されるエネルギー源によるので, 計算は2つのエネルギーシナリオについて2050年まで行った.最初のシナリオは, 2050年まで化石燃料消費が続く場合であり, 2番目のシナリオは化石燃料消費が2000年から抑制され2050年にはほとんどゼロとなり, 来世紀のエネルギーは大部分が核エネルギーおよび太陽エネルギーによって供給される場合である.炭酸ガス放出量は2010年以降は第1の場合の方が第2の場合より多い.
    結果は, とうもろこしと大豆では, 第1の場合の方が第2の場合より単位面積当りの収量が減少する.小麦では両者とも大体同じである.したがって, 炭酸ガス増加は農業に有益であるという意見は必ずしも正しくない.
  • 古元 嘉昭, 河本 知二, 砂川 満, 萬 秀憲, 久保 祐一郎, 江口 泰輝
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 31-35
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    Physiological changes in subcutaneous tissue with artificial CO2 baths have been evaluated by means of mass spectrometry under the conception of tissue perfusion as the fluid matrix, consisting of blood, lymph and tissue fluid, circulates throughout the body.
    Mass spectrometry allows continuous evaluation of the partial pressures of each tissue gas in vivo, so that the regional flow of tissue fluid or local tissue perfusion can be measured by a desaturation method with an inactive argon gas.
    Tissue perfusion was evaluated on artificial CO2 baths using 7 rabbits weighing about 2 kg. Each local tissue perfusion volume was computed respectively at 16.98±8.09 (mean±standard error) ml/100 g/min, SD=9.05, p<0.05, with plain baths at a temperature of 36-37°C and at 18.23±6.09 ml/100 g/min, SD=6.81, p<0.05, with artificial CO2 baths using“BUB”-KAO1 tab. (a 50 g sodium hydrogencarbonate and succinic acid tablet) in the constant temperature bath of 20-litre. Increase in tissue perfusion volume with artificial CO2 baths was seen in 4 out of 7 cases.
    It is assumed that the improvement of tissue perfusion with CO2 baths serves as a favourable effect on homeostasis in association with the increased Po2 in tissue and the improved skin blood flow.
  • 志村 正子, 野中 浩一, 中村 泉, 三浦 悌二
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 37-41
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/12/10
    ジャーナル フリー
    Mean values and variances standardized for the mean value in some reproductive variables were compared between the mothers born in the summer (May-Oct.) and in the winter (Nov.-Apr.) who made deliveries in two different periods at a maternity hospital in Tokyo. Monthly number of births of mothers themselves was also compared with general birth distribution of the same cohorts in Tokyo.
    Investigation was made for 11, 770 mothers who made deliveries in the 1930 s, when seasonal fluctuation of babies' births was most marked, and 4, 514 mothers who made deliveries in and after 1966, when seasonal fluctuation of babies' births was almost lost.
    Summer-born mothers who made deliveries in the period with marked seasonal fluctuation of babies' births seemed to have been more severely selected for some reproductive functions than winter-born mothers.
  • 浅木 恭
    1985 年 22 巻 1 号 p. 43-50
    発行日: 1985/04/15
    公開日: 2010/10/13
    ジャーナル フリー
    環境温 (Ta) を正弦波状 (周期1時間) に変動させ, 無拘束なラットの直腸温 (Tr) , 尾部皮膚温 (Ts) を測定した.測定した温度データは周波数解析して, Tr, Taの2時間の平均値 (Tr, Ta) ; Tr, Ts, Taの周期1時間の成分の振幅 (△Tr, △Ts, △Ta) ; TrとTaの間の位相差 (θr) を求めた.△Taは2.5~14℃, Taは5~35℃の範囲で設定し, 直腸温変動率 (△Tr/△Ta) , 皮膚温変動率 (△Ts/△Ta) における△Ta依存性, Ta依存性およびTr, θrにおけるTa依存性を加齢の影響を含めて検討した.
    1.Ta (10℃, 20℃, 30℃) が同じであるならば, △Tr/△Taは△Taが5~10℃の範囲では同じ値を示した.
    2.Ta (10℃, 20℃, 30℃) が同じであるならば, △Ts/△Taは実験を行ったdTa範囲では同じ値を得た.
    3.若齢群の△Tr/△Taは5~25℃のTaの範囲では0.019~0.032の値を示し, 30℃, 35℃のTaでは急激に増加し, 0.065~0.12の値を示した.
    4.若齢群の△Ts/△TaはTa (10~30℃) の増加に伴って増加し, Ta35℃では30℃のときより減少した.
    5.加齢による影響では, 低温環境 (10℃) で老齢群の方が△Tr/△Taの増加, rの低下, θrの減少を示し, △Ts/△Taが大きい傾向を示し, 低温環境での調節能の低下を示唆した.
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