All issues
Volume 23, Issue 1
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
[in Japanese]1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 1
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (140K) -
Tsukasa ASOH, Hideo TSUJI, Chiaki SHIRASAKA, Shiroh NOGUCHI, Kenji SAT ...1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTen healthy male subjects (19-22 years old) were immersed to the neck in cold-spring water (13°C) for 15 min, twice a day, for consecutive 12 days. The urinary excretion of adrenaline increased transiently on the first day of the experiment. The urinary excretion of noradrenaline doubled on the first day of the experiment compared to the value before the cold exposure, and this increase was sustained throughout the study period. Serum cortisol level significantly rose at 15 min after the first immersion. However, this cortisol response to cold-water exposure was not seen at 11th and 23rd immersions. There were no significant changes in serum levels of thyroxine (T4), 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3, 3', 5'-triiodothyronine (r-T3) by the acute cold-water exposure. The basal level of T3 rose significantly on the 12th day, whereas the basal level of T4 was unchanged throughout the study period. These results suggested that the intermittent severe cold-water stimuli evoke the similar hormonal responses to what have been reported in continuous exposure to cold air.View full abstractDownload PDF (1038K) -
Shuji YAMASHITA1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe formation of a city itself brings about the urbanized climate, which is called urban one. The most typical example of which is a heat island phenomenon. Urbanization may be defined as a process of growth of a city, and expressed with concentration of population, artificialization of the urban surfaces and expansion of living space onto and into the ground. These are the factors which may modify radiation balance, heat budget and water balance in an urban area. However, the cities of Japan are quite different from foreign ones from the view points of morphological features and constituent materials. At first the characteristics of a heat island in Japan is noted, and then its formative factors are considered. The most notable feature of a heat island in Japan is that isothermal lines are not so dense around the boundary of a city. This may be due to the sprawl-like expansion of a Japanese city. Next, its formative factors are considered such as height of buildings, area of nonpermeable surface, roughness parameter and soil moisture content. These factors are rather well correlated with heat island intensity. The cities investigated are Tokyo, Kichijoji, Ohgaki and Kawagoe.View full abstractDownload PDF (1051K) -
1. Seasonal Changes in the Levels of Immunoglobulins, Complements and Some ProteinsTakashi KUMAE, Kazuo SUGAWARA, Kazuhiko MACHIDA, Akira SHIMAOKA1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 19-27
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of investigating the seasonal change in immune function, seasonal changes in the levels of serum immunoglobulins, complements and some serum proteins were examined.
Blood samples from the median cubital vein were collected every month (between May 1983 and February 1984) from a group of healthy adults (13 males) with a mean age of 21.5 years.
1. Blood was collected always at the rising time A.M. 6: 30 or A.M. 6: 00 in summer time) in basal metabolic condition.
2. Serum total protein and albumin were measured by Technicon Autoanalyzer SMAC, and serum immunoglobulins, complements and some serum proteins were measured by Nephelotek system. The obtained values were individually standardized for each individual subject and then were used for the examination of seasonal changes.
3. Immunoglobulins, IgG, IgA and IgM changed significantly with a circannual rhythm; drop in levels were found from May to July and rose from October to December. Statistical significances (P<0.1%; T-test) were observed in all immunoglobulins between the highest monthly mean values and the lowest.
4. Complements, C3 and C4 also changed significantly. The seasonal change of C3 was similar to that of the immunoglobulins but the change of C4 was unique; drops in levels were found from January to May and rose from September to October.
5. Albumin and prealbumin did not change according to the season. But, some other types of serum protein; α-1-antitrypsin, α-2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin and transferrin also changed significantly with a circannual rhythm similar to that of the immunoglobulins.View full abstractDownload PDF (1122K) -
Osamu KASHIMURA1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 29-34
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe systemic reaction to air temperature and wind was investigated on the heart-rate responses in recovery from zero to one minute after exercise. Changes of skin temperature and the heart-rate responses in recovery were measured under various experimentally-designed environmental conditions.
Five healthy male subjects, ranging in age between 20 and 22 yr, were loaded with a bicycle ergometer at 50% Vo2 max work for 30 minutes. The subjects were exposed to three air temperatures (20°C, 25°C and 30°C) and two levels of winds (0.1 m/s and 5.0 m/s) during exercise with a handmade wind tunnel, where 0.1 m/s wind velocity was exposed to the periods of rest and recovery. Also, the exposure of wind was blown on the front body.
Under conditions at 20°C and 25°C, the heart-rate recovery was not detected by the 5.0 m/s wind exposure, while it appeared by the 0.1 m/s wind exposure. However, under conditions at 30°C, the patterns of heart-rate recovery were similar at any wind velocity. It was difficult to estimate the heart-rate responses during exercise by measuring those in the recovery phase even one minute after the exercise.
The less reduction in the recovery of heart-rate under 5.0 m/s wind velocity at 20°C or 25°C air temperatures were related to an immediate increase in mean skin temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (632K) -
Michiko MITSUI, Toyoko SAKAI, Toshinari NAKAJIMA1986 Volume 23 Issue 1 Pages 35-42
Published: April 15, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of fiber differences in knitted fabrics with respect to comfort was studied using wool, descaled wool, cotton and 65% cotton 35% descaled wool blended fabrics. All fabrics were high sorptive but low wettable.
The temperature-humidity sensors wrapped with Gore-Tex fabric were applied after adjusting. Experiments using ergometer were conducted in a climatic chamber. Local temperatures and vapor pressures were measured inside the sweaters at the chest and back. The subjects marked a ballot to communicate their sense of sweating, soaking, thermal sensation and comfort sensation.
The results obtained are summarized as follows.
(1) The fall in vapor pressure at chest and back after exercise was larger when subjects were clothed in descaled wool than in wool or cotton. It was because of higher moisture vapor transmission through descaled wool fabrics than that through wool or cotton. (2) Oral temperature and thermal sensation of the wool or cotton clothed subjects and vapor pressure between cloth and skin at chest and back were higher than that of the descaled wool clothed subject. The sensation of discomfort, however, showed larger when the subjects were clothed in wool than in cotton. (3) Moisture content in clothing had a high correlation with four subjective sensations.View full abstractDownload PDF (3060K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|