JAPANESE JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
Online ISSN : 1347-7617
Print ISSN : 0389-1313
ISSN-L : 0389-1313
Volume 31, Issue 4
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
  • S IRIE, T AMAMOTO, R KIMURA, K TANAKA, K MIYAGI
    1994 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 165-173
    Published: December 01, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Clinical study of “MT-II”, a new compact oral liquid crystal thermometer, was conducted. I. The values of the 5-minute oral temperature measured with MT-II and mercury thermometer were evaluated. The mean difference between the two values was 0.07±0.09°C (mean±SD, n=186), and significant correlation was observed between them (r=0.946, p<0.001, Y=0.938X+0.364, n=186) . Therefore, it was concluded that MT-II was as accurate as mercury thermometer in measuring oral temperature. II. The accuracy after repeated use of the same MT-II was evaluated. The stable values of oral temperature were obtained, and “in-vitro” precision test also proved the accuracy of the used MT-II. So we concluded that it was possible to get an accurate oral temperature in repeatedly using MT-II within 21 times. III. The values of oral temperature measured with MT-II for 180 sec, 120 sec, 90 sec were compared with those of mercury thermometer for 5 min and were evaluated. The differences between MT-II and mercury thermometer were 0.11±0.07°C, 0.15±0.09°C, 0.19±0.10°C (mean±SD, n=62), respectively. It was suggested that we could efficiently take the index of body temperature by using MT-II orally for 90 sec.
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  • T NISHIYAMA, T OGAWA, J SUGENOYA, K SUZUKI
    1994 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 175-182
    Published: December 01, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The activity of individual sweat glands of the palm in response to mental stimuli was observed videomicroscopically. Discharges of sweat from sweat pores on a 20mm2 area were recorded on video tapes. The timing of sweat discharge in individual sweat glands was determined with an aid of video play-back. Sweat rate on an adjacent area was recorded continuously by capacitance hygrometry. The more sweat rate increased in response to mental stimuli, the more was the total number of discharges from the sweat glands involved. Although the threshold of individual sweat glands differed, the level of sweat rate did not always correspond to activation of certain sweat glands except for case of a low sweat rate. The activity of many sweat glands waxed and waned in time course of 30-40 min, regardless of kinds of mental stimuli. Such fluctuations may likely be caused by fatigue in secretory process, rather than changes in the activity of neuro-glandular units.
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  • S MATSUDA, H KAHYO
    1994 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 183-188
    Published: December 01, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Seasonal variation of average daily number of births by month in Korea was examined by a traditional time series analysis based on the data in Vital Statistics from January 1982 to December 1991. The seasonal index of births showed a bimodal pattern with a huge peak in February and another small peak in autumn (September to November) . Among associated factors to be evaluated, the seasonality of marriage was related to the seasonal variation of births. According to the analysis of coincidence, two time series showed a statistically significant coincidence in their monthly fluctuations with 10 months lag time. This result suggest that the seasonality in marriage could be one of the factors in explaining the seasonal variation of births in Korea. However, other factors including biometeorological factors, should be investigated in order to explain the seasonal characteristics of Korean birth data.
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  • Y INOUE, H UEDA, M NAKAO, T ARAKI
    1994 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 189-199
    Published: December 01, 1994
    Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study was designed to examine the relative influence of calendar age, anthropometric measures, such as percentage body fatness (%fat) and surface area-to-weight ratio (Ad/Wt), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), pedometer readings (PR) and microclimate temperatures in daily life on thermoregulatory responses of older men to heat and cold stress. During 60-min heat exposures [by placing the lower legs and feet in a 42°C water bath under a warm condition (35°C, 45% rh) ] in summer, final rectal temperature (Tre), whole body sweating rate (Msw), Msw/ΔTre, and final mean bloodpressure (MBP) were closely related to PR. Final skin blood flow and cutaneous vascular conductance on the thigh were mainly affected by VO2mx. Final mean skin temperature (Tsk) and the thigh sweating rate (Tmsw) were mainly influenced by age and Ad/Wt, respectively. PR had a secondary influence on TSk and Tmsw, age a secondary influence on Msw, Msw/ΔTre and MBP, and thirdly %fat had an influence on Msw/ΔTre. A similar tendency was observed in summer, although the parameters of heat responses related to PR were decreased. During 60-min cold exposures (12°C, 45% rh) in winter, VO2max had significant influence on final Tsk, metabolic heat production (M), dry heat loss (DHL), respiratory heat loss (RHL), and skin thermal conductance, and PR affected on heart rate. The %fat was a secondary factor for Tsk and DHL, Ad/Wt a secondary factor for M and RHL, and also VO2max a secondary factor for final heart rate, respectively. Similar relations were also found for the summer responses to cold stress (17°C, 45% rh) . The PR had significant negative correlations with microclimate temperatures on the chest (spring), upper arm (spring and summer) and back (winter) in daily life. It was concluded that thermoregulatory responses of older men to heat and cold were mainly influenced by pedometer readings reflecting exercise habits and aerobic fitness, together with secondary effects of calendar age and anthropometric factors.
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