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Volume 35, Issue 2
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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H MONOBE, M SUZUKI, M TOGO1998 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 75-84
Published: August 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn a nursery school in Yamanashi prefecture, infants and preschool children spent their day time with no wears or naked on the upper half of the body all the year round in order to improve physical adaptability. Out of 589 children, 284 children were used for the individual time series growth analysis by SAS census method, who had the monthly record of body height and weight for successive 36 months or more and without any missing measurements more than two successive months. As a control group, growth data of non-naked or usual nursery school of the same district were used. The results were as follows: 1.Body height of the children in the naked nursery school increased from April to September, and retarded from October to March. 2.Their body weight increased from September to April, and retarded from spring to summer. 3.Compared to the growth of the control group, seasonal variation of the naked children were almost same in body height, thougth the body weight growth of them had smaller seasonal variation or smaller depression of body weight in summer. These results suggest that naked children tended to have smaller seasonal variation due to aquire physical adaptabiliby. against enviromental temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (2600K) -
Y KURAZUMI, N MATSUBARA, Y YAMATO, S YAMAMOTO, H NAGAI, D NARUMI1998 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 85-94
Published: August 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: December 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between posture and conductive heat exchange in humans. The contacted surface area between the floor and human body was measured. Seven different postures were used for these measurements, including standing, sedentary, sitting upright, sitting with legs crossed, sitting with knees drawn up, sitting with legs stretched and lateral decubitus. There was no difference in the contacted surface area between the figures. These postures could be classified into the following three groups by a cluster analysis. In the first, conductive heat exchange may be negligible in estimating the total heat exchange. In the second, the conductive heat exchange should not be ignored. In the third, it is absolutely indispensable to take the conductive heat exchange into account. Even in floor seating, sitting upright posture could be placed in the first group, where the effects are negligible. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of posture on the conductive heat exchange between the human body and the floor surface and to verify these groups. One male subject was exposed to the following conditions. The air temperature was set to 25, 28 and 31°C. The floor surface temperature was set to equal the air temperature and to 35°C. Conductive heat exchange, which was approximately 3% of the total heat exchange, did not significantly change between the standing and sitting upright posture. Therefore, it may be unnecessary to analyze total heat exchange in the sitting upright posture.View full abstractDownload PDF (1220K) -
O KASHIMURA, H OSADA, A SAKAI1998 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 95-100
Published: August 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDe-acclimation after chronic exposure to hypoxia was investigated through the processes of recovery from hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and right ventricular hypertrophy in rats after release from a 3-week exposure to a hypobaric hypoxia simulated altitude of 5, 460 m. The HPV change was assessed in the isolated, perfused lung preparation, by low oxygen ventilation and increase in the perfusion flow rate, and also by capillary pressure change. The ventricular hypertrophy was measured by weight change. Measurements were made for each group of 7 rats, 1, 30, and 60 days (1dCH, 30dCH and 60dCH, respectively) after the release from hypoxic exposure, and changes were compared with the control (n=15) without hypoxic exposure. The baseline pulmonary arterial and capillary pressures were significantly higher in the three CH groups than in the control group. The pulmonary pressure responses of CH lungs to airway hypoxia 1 day and 30 days after the exposure were enhanced, but their responses 60 days after the exposure did not differ from those of the controls. Right ventricular weight relative to left ventricular weight with the septum, i.e. RV/ (LV+ S), in the 60dCH group was still significantly higher than that in the control group. These findings of different degree of recovery in the HPV responses and right ventricular weight after exposure to chronic hypoxia suggested a dissociation between function and morphology in the recovery processes in the lung during hypoxic deacclimation.View full abstractDownload PDF (798K) -
Satoru INA-ISHI, Osamu SHIDO, Sotaro SAKURADA, Tetsuo NAGASAKA, Nariko ...1998 Volume 35 Issue 2 Pages 101-109
Published: August 01, 1998
Released on J-STAGE: October 13, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study investigated the effect of photoperiod on the process of cold acclimation in rats. Male rats were divided into two groups, each of which was subjected to one of two photoperiod regimes, i. e., long photophase (LD cycle 18: 6 h; LP) or long scotophase (LD cycle 6: 18 h; LS) . The ambient temperature (Ta) was constantly maintained at 23°C throughout the experiments (warm exposure) or was lowered to 5°C at the 14th day after starting the photoperiod regime (cold exposure) in each group. Body mass (BM), food consumption (FC), thermogenic response to noradrenalin (NA response) and plasma levels of free fatty acid (FFA), triglyceride (TG) and glucose (G) were measured at intervals of 3-10 days. The BM of the LP rats was significantly greater than that of the LS rats regardless of the cold exposure. The photoperiod itself did not affect NA response or plasma levels of FFA, TG and G. In the LS rats, the NA response was significantly enhanced from the third day after starting the cold exposure, whereas in the LP rats, the response was enhanced 10 days after commencing the cold exposure. Additionally, the NA response of the LS rats was significantly greater than that of LP rats between 21-28 days after starting the cold exposure. During the same period, plasma levels of FFA and TG of the LS rats were significantly higher than those of the LP rats. These results suggest that the long scotophase facilitates the process of thermogenic adaptation to cold, possibly, mediated by modification fat metabolism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1142K)
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