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Volume 41 (2004)
- Issue 4 Pages 131-
- Issue 3 Pages 77-
- Issue 1 Pages 5-
Volume 41, Issue 3
Displaying 1-5 of 5 articles from this issue
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Original Article
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Yasuko Okayama, Misaka Kimura, Izumi Satoh, Tadashi Okuno, Aya Itoi, M ...2004 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 77-85
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeasonal changes in physical activities and food intake in the elderly living in a snowy area were studied in 38 participants (15 males and 23 females, mean age 70.1 years) in a health-promotion program for the elderly carried out in an agricultural area of Tohoku district. The subjects were relatively fit, outgoing, and generally active but gained weight during the winter. Also, while their activity level decreased markedly during winter compared with that in summer, there was no seasonal difference noted in their nutritional intake. Concerning their daily schedule, hours spent on outdoor activities decreased and hours spent indoors increased during the winter. These results suggest that the increase in BMI during winter is caused by the decrease in the activity level. In health-promoting schemes for the elderly in snowy regions, an exercise program appropriate for winter, when the activity level decreases, is considered to be needed.
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Reviews
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Viewpoints of universal comfort evaluation to human’s environment during studies on combined effectsKazuo Nagano2004 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 87-93
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSStudies on combined effects play an important role in order to clarify the relationship between human beings and their environment universally. For this purpose, it is significant to evaluate simultaneously plural environmental factors by means of nonspecific scale common to each factor, and also to evaluate the individual effects of each factor in order to approach the causal relationship between the individual effect and the non-specific evaluation. Universal comfort, which is one of the non-specific evaluation scales, is discussed as an analogy of Sensus communis indicated by Aristotle. This paper also notes the exclusivity of combined effects which the previous studies on universal evaluation has represented consistently, and refers to the future issues to be solved.
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Yoshinori Ohtsuka, Jun Nakaya2004 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 95-99
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in immunological system are thought to be one of the underlining mechanisms of balneotherapy effects, which might be dependent on number of bathing times and the type of hot springs. Balneotherapy at the extremely hot and acidic springs such as Kusatsu-onsen and the very cold springs such as Kan-no-jigoku-onsen works immune suppressively. On the other hand, balneotherapy at a simple thermal which is not so stimulative to human body enhances immune function. Immune function is also affected even by overnight stay at a certain spa.
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Jun Nakaya, Yoshinori Ohtsuka2004 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 101-108
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAfter the accomplishment of the human genome project, the various researches including genome-translational research started as the post genome-research around the world. The post-genome research tries to reveal the causal relations between genome and practical human phenotype mainly. This phenotype is influenced from internal or external environment, so the research about the interactions between human and environment shades into more important. On the other hand, the world wide effort toward the reduction of health care cost should be conductive to avoiding diseases through keeping health. Promoting this helath keeping should have scientific background and reasoning. Balneology make avoiding disease or recovering from early morbidity state possible through its non specific biomodulation effect by optimizing surrounding environment through Spa or natural environment. In this way we can say that balneology is in the advance of post genome-research, but its background and reasoning should become more scientific.
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Yoshihito Kurazumi, Tadahiro Tsuchikawa2004 Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 109-128
Published: 2004
Released on J-STAGE: February 17, 2005
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe heat balance equation of the human body describes the heat balance between the human body and its surrounding thermal environment, and specific data are required to calculate this body heat balance. Such data have been derived from human experiments and measurements under the standing or seated postures in consideration of environment in office space. However, because the range of actions is higher in living spaces than in work spaces, active natural regulation of body temperature based on environmental variables occurs and adjustments are made in the thermal environment. In Japanese living spaces, various postures are assumed depending on behavior and the differences in these postures strongly affects the specific data related to body heat balance. Furthermore, because physical characteristics can vary with factors such as ethnicity and diet, it is necessary to consider ongoing studies of the human body. In addition, the Japanese physique has changed substantially with eating habits and lifestyles following World War II. Therefore, studies on the Japanese thermal environment in modern Japan have progressed along with studies on the Japanese people following these changes. Specific data studies on the human body, which involved the heat balance equation between the human body and the environment, progressed and factors related to the human body were thus clarified. The accumulation of specific data studies on the human body clarified a several points, and the necessity of calculating the heat balance for Japanese individuals was shown.
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