SEISAN KENKYU
Online ISSN : 1881-2058
Print ISSN : 0037-105X
ISSN-L : 0037-105X
Volume 61, Issue 1
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
Preface
TSFD
Introduction to Special Section
Research Flash
  • Fujihiro HAMBA
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 5-9
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       The generation of large-scale magnetic field due to small-scale motion of a conducting fluid, which is called the dynamo action, is important in understanding magnetic fields in geo-/astro-physical objects and in controlled fusion devices. A large eddy simulation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulent channel flow is carried out and turbulent statistics are obtained to investigate the dynamo effect. It is shown that the flow rate is greater than that in the non-MHD case due to the decrease in the wall-normal velocity fluctuation. A streamwise mean magnetic field is generated due to the effect of the turbulent electromotive force. It is suggested that the cross-helicity dynamo effect contributes to the turbulent electromotive force. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (284K)
  • Nobumitsu YOKOI
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 10-17
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       It has been recognized that the turbulent cross helicity (correlation between the velocity and magnetic-field fluctuations) can play an important role in several magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma phenomena such as the global magnetic-field generation, the turbulence suppression, etc. Despite its relevance to the cross-helicity evolution, little attention has been given to the dissipation rate of the turbulent cross helicity. In this paper, we consider the dissipation rate of the turbulent cross helicity and propose an algebraic model and an evolution equation of the cross-helicity dissipation rate (eW equation). We apply the model to the solar-wind turbulence, where several observations have been made on the turbulent cross helicity, and validate the model of cross-helicity dissipation. It is shown that, as far as the solar-wind application is concerned, the simplest possible algebraic model is useful enough to elucidate the spatial evolution of the solar-wind turbulence. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (720K)
  • Shoji KOYAMA
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 18-21
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       Large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent channel flow using the transport equation of sub-grid scale (SGS) kinetic energy ksgs is carried out. In this study, we aim to establish a one-equation model which doesn’t have length scale in SGS viscosity and each term in the transport equation of ksgs. Modeling of SGS dissipation term is paid much attention to and it is finally modeled by first derivative of ksgs. As a result, its performance is almost equivalent to the standard Smagorinsky model. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (407K)
  • —Application to vehicle underbody flows—
    Kozo KITOH, Nobuyuki OSHIMA, Makoto YAMAMOTO, Simone SEBBEN
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 22-25
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       In this paper, as a basic investigation, solutions via LES and standard k-epsilon model were compared regarding the flow field around a simplified exterior vehicle body (ASMO) with flat underbody. An applicability of LES was shown for aerodynamic developments of the vehicle body. A practical evaluation method for the standard Smagorinsky model based LES solutions for practical problems, where direct validation via experiments is not available, was proposed. By using the method proposed, LES solutions calculated for the flow fields around the complex exterior vehicle body (V50) with semi-complex underbody configuration were evaluated. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (308K)
  • Hiroshi YOKOYAMA, Chisachi KATO
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 26-29
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       We investigate the mechanism of self-sustained oscillations over a rectangular cavity with a length-to-depth ratio of 2:1 by directly solving the compressible Navier-Stokes equations. The boundary layer over the cavity is turbulent and the freestream Mach numbers are M =0.4 and 0.7. The results clarify that the self-sustained oscillations occur in the shear layer of the cavity and two-dimensional large-scale vortices are formed in the shear layer of the cavity. When these vortices collide with the downstream edge, expansion waves are radiated. The propagation of the acoustic waves at the upstream edge produces disturbances in the shear layer. The disturbances are developed by the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability and finally the two-dimensional large-scale vortices are formed. As a result, a feedback loop is formed and the self-sustained oscillations occur. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (447K)
Research Review
Research Flash
  • Mahmoud BADY, Shinsuke KATO, Hong HUANG
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 45-54
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       The present research introduces a technique to determine pollution source locations in urban environments -when the pollutant concentration field is known- through the use of reversed time marching method (RTMM). The method depends primarily on the solution of the scalar transport equation with time integration in the negative direction. This leads to reversing the velocity field and also the diffusion term. The study demonstrates how to use the inverse CFD model with the reversed time marching method to identify pollution sources in urban environments. In order to examine the accuracy of RTMM in identifying pollution sources in urban areas, two examples were given. In the first one, a simple laminar flow was considered and a pollutant source was emitted for variable wind conditions. In the second example, the wind flow around a single building was investigated for two different source locations. In all cases, steady state numerical simulations were carried out at first in order to estimate the wind flow fields. With the steady-state airflow patterns, direct CFD modeling (forward-time simulation) was used to calculate pollutant concentration distributions for step-function sources. In the last stage, the scalar transport equation was solved again but with the reversed flow field and the negative diffusion term. By using peak concentration, one could identify the pollution source location. Results of the study demonstrated that the RTMM can identify pollution sources locations in urban areas with a satisfied accuracy. However, more efforts are needed in order to decrease the wide spread of the concentration fields around the source location and facilitates the source location identification.
    [This abstract is not included in the PDF)
    KEYWORDS: Reverse simulation; Reversed time marching method; Outdoor environments; CFD
    Download PDF (702K)
Research Review
  • Ryozo OOKA, Hefny MOHAMED
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 55-62
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       For analyzing the complex flow field such as urban space, Finite Volume Method (FVM) with the unstructured grid system is often used because of its’ high adaptability to complex geometry. In this study, the numerical accuracy of FVM with the unstructured grid system in respect of some mesh geometries is estimated and compared with that of Finite Differential Method (FDM). Especially, the validity of Muzaferijal and Gosman’s Defer Correction Formula in the unstructured FVM is evaluated. In this paper, the truncation errors when FVM with the unstructured grid system in respect of some mesh geometries is applied, is clarified and notation when Muzaferijal and Gosman’s Defer Correction Formula is used, is shown.
    Download PDF (1167K)
Research Flash
  • Jing YANG, Daisuke KITAZAWA
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 63-66
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       The numerical simulation was executed for Caspian Sea, which has a peculiar brackish water region ecosystem, using a three-dimensional hydrostatic model called MEC (Marine Environmental Committee). The numerical simulation could capture qualitatively the seasonal variation of the circulation and the stratification structure, however the several cyclonic gyres, the absolute values of water temperature, and the thickness of the mixing layer were not reproduced well. As future studies, the boundary conditions, especially the solar radiation conditions, should be improved and the effects of tides are considered in order to reproduce the detail structure of water current and stratification in the Caspian Sea. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (420K)
Research Paper
Research Flash
  • Michael HENRY, Yoshitaka KATO
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 67-70
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       Increasing awareness of environmental needs is driving changes in the way the concrete industry operates. Demand for cement and concrete products is increasing in response to economic development, and yet the industry must somehow reduce its environmental impact while meeting supply needs. Research into sustainable development in the concrete industry has, until now, been fairly limited. Some areas have potential for promoting sustainable ideas, such as the utilization of waste material from other industries as cementitious replacement products and the recycling of waste products both within and from beyond the concrete industry as filler material in new concrete construction. This paper reviews the challenges faced by the concrete industry and the research work which has been performed to meet this challenge. [This abstract is not included in the PDF)
    Download PDF (100K)
  • Chihiro NAKAGAWA, Yoshihiro SUDA, Kimihiko NAKANO, Kenji NABESHIMA
    2009 Volume 61 Issue 1 Pages 71-74
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: April 09, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
       In this paper, the authors propose the personal mobility vehicle (PMV), which is friendly for the human and the environment. The PMV consists of the bicycle mode that is used at high speed and parallel two-wheel mode that is used at low speed. The steer-by-wire and the drive-by-wire system are used in order to increase its stability. The parallel two-wheel mode is stabilized by the controller using the stabilization method of an inverted pendulum. In addition to the conventional step type vehicle that is fully operated by the electric power, the hybrid type that uses the human power for its running is investigated. [This abstract is not included in the PDF]
    Download PDF (359K)
feedback
Top