日本生態学会誌
Online ISSN : 2424-127X
Print ISSN : 0021-5007
ISSN-L : 0021-5007
23 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の15件中1~15を表示しています
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. Cover1-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. Cover2-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. App1-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 柴田 治, 内川 公人, 木下 哲雄, 新井 澄
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 141-146
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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    Meteorological observations were made at the grassland of the Utsukushigahara Heights (ca. 2000 m above sea-level) situated in the subalpine zone. The air temperature at this Heights was about 7℃ lower than that at Matsumoto City (ca. 600 m above sea-level) through the season. During the winter period, the depth of snowdrift in the Heights varied topographically. The snow temperature in the upper zone, or down to a depth of 10 cm was consistently lower than the air temperature, but that in the zone lower than 10 cm in depth was higher than the air temperature. The snow temperature was affected by the variation of the air temperature with the lapse of time, and there was less variation and a rise in the snow temperature with the increase in the depth of the snow. The thinner frozen-layer of the soil was found with the increase in the depth of snowdrift, but the soil below the 150 cm deep snow was not frozen. When the soil was frozen under a thin snow cover, in the bare-ground, the frozen-soil consisted of three layers. That is, the upper layer was frozen hard, the lower one was frozen slightly, and the larger between them contained numerous ice-needles and crevices. In the grassland, however, there were two frozen layers without the development of the middle layer. In the light-snow region of the subalpine zone, the middle layer of the frozen-soil in the bare-ground seems to prevent the plant invasion.
  • 東 幹夫
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 147-159
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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    In this part, the mode of breeding and some morphological variations of each population of the landlocked Ayu-fish, after the period of their sexual maturation, were investigated. The lake population of the Ayu of small size contained considerable numbers with nearly matured gonads at the end of summer, and they began to migrate to the lower reaches of the streams during the period from late-August to early-September, in crowds of high density. Spawning colonies with highly condensed aggregation of spawners comprising individuals of similar body size were formed at the spawning beds in the shallow parts at the lower reaches of the streams near the estuary. The stream population usually began to migrate to the spawning places in mid-September. Their spawning beds were around the lower reaches of the streams and with fairly larger limits compared with those of the lake population. The size composition, the time and the route of their spawning migrations were rather irregular, and they did not form such a definite spawning colony as stated above. The degree of the maturity of gonads and the mode of arrival to the spawning places suggested that the early ascending group would spawn a little later than the other. The spawners from the lake had higher dorsal fin ray counts than those from the upper streams, and the means differed significantly between both populations. The predorsal length, the numbers and the diameter of the ova, and the numbers of gill rakers of each population were measured or counted. From these results, it was revealed that these characters tended to be correlated with the body length. In other words, these differences between the populations conld be attributed to the differences in their rate of growth.
  • 福田 弘己, 坂上 昭一, 山内 克典, 松村 雄
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 160-170
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    As a part of our biofaunistic surveys on the wild bees in Hokkaido, periodical sampling was made in 1966 (supplemented in 1967) two times per month at a littoral sand-dune vegetation at Hama-Koshimizu, Eastern Hokkaido, facing the Okhotsk Sea. The halictine bees, especially Evylaeus, occupy the majority of the total 55 species and the total of 1,045 individuals sampled. Bumble bees were second in numbers of individuals. Compared with the bee fauna in Central Hokkaido, the scarcity of the leaf cutting bees (Megachilidae) and anthophorine bees (especially Ceratina) is remarkable. Because of the severe climate, the activity of some vernal species shows a delay of nearly one month compared with that in Sapporo, resulting in the temporary co-existence in June of both vernal and early summer bees in Sapporo. The area is relatively free from the invasion of exotic plants. The visits to native plants show various relations between the amount and duration of blooming and bee visits, with the highest visits to Rosa rugosa, Coelopleurum lucidum and Geranium miyabei. But Taraxacum officinale, one of the predominant escapes in Hokkaido, already occupies the first rank in the visits, amounting to 29.4 per cent of the total bees sampled.
  • 山中 三男, 斎藤 員郎, 石塚 和雄
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 171-185
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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    東北日本の亜高山帯植生は, 冬季の豪雪と偏西風の影響で, 日本海側と内陸側では大きな相違がある.日本海側の越後山系, 出羽山系, その他の山岳では, 亜高山性針葉樹林は, 例外的な小林分を別として, ほとんど成立しないが, 奥羽山系や北上山系にはみうけられる.出羽山系の月山には東山腹の一部溶岩台地にアオモリトドマツが自生しているが, 山塊東側の念仏ヶ原湿原の花粉分析の結果, これば寒冷な後期洪積世以後, 降雪の増加とあいまって衰退していったものの遺存植生であることが明らかになった.そして, このアオモリトドマツ自生地は冬の季節風や積雪の影響がいくらか緩和される地形にある.この条件下にあって一帯は高さ1〜6mのアオモリトドマツと落葉低木の混生した叢林の相観を呈しているが, 溶岩流地形の凸部のもっとも排水良好な場所ではポドソル化土壌が出現し, アオモリトドマツの生長も比較的よく, それだけに積雪の沈下, 匍行や風による損傷樹形が著しい.これに対し, 平担地では高山湿性ポドソルが出現し, 生長は劣化して樹形は背の低い傘型を示す.このような樹形は比較的風雪の被害をまぬがれ, 更新もすこぶる良好である.もっとも排水不良の場所ではアオモリトドマツの更新はみられず, ミヤマナラ低木林となっている.このように風と雪のきびしい気候的条件のもとでは高山湿性ポドソルはアオモリトドマツの生存に有利に作用しているものと思われる.
  • 薄井 宏
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 186-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 門司 正三
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 187-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 田崎 忠良
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 187-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 188-189
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. 190-194
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. App2-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. Cover3-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 4 号 p. Cover4-
    発行日: 1973/08/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
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