日本生態学会誌
Online ISSN : 2424-127X
Print ISSN : 0021-5007
ISSN-L : 0021-5007
23 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の16件中1~16を表示しています
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. Cover1-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. Cover2-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. App1-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • L.N. VYAS, S.K. AGARWAL
    原稿種別: Article
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 237-242
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The present paper deals with the analysis of the germination regulating mechanisms of Abrus precatorius L. seeds. The seeds occur in two forms viz., large and small. Dormancy in these seeds has been observed to be due to a seed coat which offers impermeability to water as well as mechanical resistance to the expansion of the embryo. One possible mechanism involved in breaking the seed coat dormancy in this plant may be desiccation to the extent of 7.31 percent, which promotes the germination up to 40 percent and 45 percent in large and small seeds respectively. Imbibition and desiccation both appear to be more critical for germination of small seeds than that of large seeds. Under light incubation sulphuric acid treatment for 120 minutes gives 80 percent germination in large seeds, and that for 90 minutes gives 90 percent germination in case of small seeds. Acid scarified seeds when subjected to continuous irradiation with red light give 100 percent germination at 25 and 30℃.
  • 沢田 信一
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 243-250
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    越年する一年生植物のある種は冬期の厳しい環境下で緑葉を着けて生活し, 生長を続ける.一方, 冬期に休眠状態で越年する植物では多量の貯蔵物質を所有し, それをもとに生命を維持する.これに対して前者の植物は多くの場合, 貯蔵物質をその時期にほとんど所有せずしたがって冬期の厳しい環境下で光合成をおこない, えられた光合成産物をもとに生活をおこなわねばならない, したがって冬期の厳しい環境条件はその植物の生長に対して影響を与えると同時に, 光合成へも大きな影響を与えると考えられる.葉を着けたまま越年する一年生植物の一例である秋播のコムギを用いて冬期の生長および光合成能力について実験をおこなった.冬期に異った温度条件を示す東京都下保谷および新島に生育したコムギの純同化率について比較した結果, 冬期3ヶ月間の純同化率は保谷(平均気温, 4.7℃)では0.40gd.w./dm^2/week, 新島(8.9℃)では0.90であった.冬期の低温条件下では純同化率は温度に強く依存し, また純同化率の低温による低下は主に低温下に置れた植物体の光合成能力の生理的低下に基因していると推論された.
  • 宮下 和喜
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 251-254
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    1970年の9月9日, 関東地方の各地でイチモンジセセリのかなり大がかりな集団移動が認められた.この時の移動方向と風向きを数地点で調ぺてみると, 移動の方向は多くの場合南または南西を指しており, 風に逆らった移動飛行の行なわれていたことがわかる.東京地方では移動飛行個体が間歇的に一日中認められたが, 第2図に示した4地点での調査によると, 移動飛行個体がもっとも多く観察された時間はそれぞれの地点において少しずつずれており, 東京地方の北部に比べると南または西部に位置している地点では少し遅くなっている傾向がみられた.移動飛行個体の飛行のスピードを測ってみたところ, 個体によってかなり大きな差があるが, 平均すると8.2m/sという値がえられた.移動の終着地および越冬との関連について若干の考察を行なった.
  • 東 幹夫
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 255-265
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The main events experienced by the fish belonging to each population are schematically summarized in Fig. 1., basing on all the results given in the previous reports. Concerning the variations in the body form and the numbers of fin rays found in each population, it was suggested that these characters in question would be influenced by the environmental factors differently according to the developmental stages of the fish concerned. Through the morphological comparisons on the degree of the ossification of the skulls as well as the ring formation of the scals of the sea-run and the landlocked Ayu-fish, it was confirmed that the latter would be the form which suppressed their growth to some extent. However, the landlocked form can be considered to have relatively higher fecundity comparing with the sea-run form, because of their earlier spawning period, the ova with smaller diameter and more numerous in number. The dwarfism, and the early maturation of the present landlocked form coincided with the general tendencies already pointed out by many previous authors who studied several other species of landlocked fishes. Some considerations were made on the relation between the intra-species differentiation of the present species and the geological history of the lake.
  • 平松 信夫
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 266-273
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
    The transition of germination capacity of seeds from 37 species of mature grasses gathered late in autumn was investigated during storage in the natural dry atmosphere at room temperature for a year. 1) The seeds of the following seven species did not germinate. Paederia scandens, Trichosanthes cucumeroides, Clematis apiifolia, Villebrunea frutescens, Phryma leptostachya, Dioscorea japonica, Cardiocrinum cordatum It may be considered that these seeds did not germinate because of the storage in the dry condition, but this needs confirmation by more experiments. 2) The seeds of 30 species germinated, and they were classified into the following six groups : A. Adenocaulon himalaicum-type ; The seeds of this type germinate soon after harvesting, but they lose the ability to germinate as time goes and finally they can scarcely germinate. ……Adenocaulon himalaicum. B. Epilobium pyrricholophum-type ; The seeds of this type germinate soon after harvesting, but their germination capacity lowers as the air temperature lowers. They regain their ability with the warm season spring. Their germination capacity reaches a peak towards May ; it again lowers in and after August. ……Picris hieracioides var. japonica, Adenostemma lavenia, Hosta minor, Plantago asiatica, Epilobium pyrricholophum. C. Sonchus oleraceus-type ; These seeds germinate soon after harvesting, and they continue germinating even after the climate becomes cold, until they gradually lose such ability in and after August. ……Aster hispidus, Lactuca denticulata, Erigeron canadensis, Sonchus oleraceus. D_1. Polygonum cuspidatum-type ; These seeds do not germinate immediately after harvesting, and follow the same course as the Epilobium pyrricholophum-type, beginning to germinate with the warm season of the next spring. ……Stellaria aquatica, Melilotus suaveolens, Perilla frutescens, Crassocephalum rubens, Polygonum filiforme, Isodon japonicus, Polygonum cuspidatum, Setaria chondorachne, Eclipta alba, Isodon inflexus, Ligularia tussilaginea, Solanum lyratum. D_2. Cyperus Iria-type ; These seeds begin to germinate towards the next warm season just as the Polygonum cuspidatum-type, however, their germinability changes with the air temperature and reaches a peak in the hottest season. The seeds of this type germinate fairly well towards the end of autumn. ……Corchoropsis tomentosa, Justicia procumbens, Phyllanthus Urinaria, Cyperus Iria, Carpesium cernuum. E. Digitaria adscendens-type ; Though the seeds of this type begin to germinate towards the next warm season as the last two types mentioned above. These seeds nearly retain the power to germinate up to the end of autumn from about May. ……Cosmos bipinuatus, Kummerowia striata, Digitaria adscendens. Although we can predict several factors that would bring into existence the above types in relation to the dormancy, such the temperature during the preservation and experiments on the seeds, and the length of time preserved, these factors should be ascertained by experiments. 3) As a rule, the groups that do not need dormancy and the groups that need only short dormancy reduce the germinability in and after the next August, and there are many species that show a high ratio of germination in and after August in the groups that seem to have long dormancy. Few annual plants, as a rule, belong to the Adenocaulon himalaicum-type, Epilobium pyrricholophum-type, Sonchus oleraceus-type, and the Polygonum cuspidatum-type, which lose germinability, and most of them belong to the Cyperus Iria-type and the Digitaria adscendens-type, which keep up germinability in and after August.
  • 小林 四郎
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 274-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
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  • 沼田 真
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 274-275
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 沼田 真
    原稿種別: 本文
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 275-276
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 276-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. 277-279
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 付録等
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. App2-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. Cover3-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
  • 原稿種別: 表紙
    1973 年 23 巻 6 号 p. Cover4-
    発行日: 1973/12/20
    公開日: 2017/04/11
    ジャーナル フリー
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