JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover1-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_Cover1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (32K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover2-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_Cover2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (32K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages App1-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_App1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (140K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 1-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (164K)
EFFECTS OF SEED BEARING OF A NATURAL BEECH (FAGUS CRENATA BLUME) FOREST ON AMOUNT OF LITTER FALL AND ITS NUTRIENTS

Hiroshi KAWADA, Koohei MARUYAMA

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 3-10
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The litter fall and its nutrient contents of an old beech stand in Northern Honshu, Japan were measured during the mast and lean years. The weights of litter fall and nutrients, especially N, P and K, returned to the soil by litter, were markedly higher in the mast year than in the lean years : the weights of litter fall and N, P and K returned in the mast year were as much as 1.5,2.1,3.3 and 2.7 times that in the lean year, respectively. This was due to the vast amount of fallen reproductive parts (male flowers, seeds and cupules) and the much higher N, P and K contents of seeds, and the higher N and P contents of male flowers than those of other parts. During the mast year, the weight of fallen reproductive parts was 0.7-0.8 times the total litter fall during the lean years, while N, P and K weights of fallen reproductive parts also exceeded those returned by a total lean year litter fall. These facts suggest a unique physiologically-mediated nutrient production response of beech in the mast year, but the mechanism has not yet been elucidated.

View full abstract

Download PDF (980K)
STUDIES ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE JAPANESE TOAD, BUFO JAPONICUS : JAPONICUS. X. MATING AND SPAWNING BEHAVIORS

Ryonosuke OKUNO

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 11-18
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_11

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

During the breeding season nearly all matings of the Japanese toad Bufo japonicus japonicus occurred at night on land around the spawning pond. When a male caught a female, neighbouring unpaired males gathered and tried to mate with the pair. Many males (maximum 8) hugged each other tightly, forming a large ball of toads. Mated females generally spawned during this night or the next daytime, returning to their residental places immediately after spawning. However, a few pairs maintained amplexus for as long as 39 days. Females spawned only once each breeding season, but males were able to successfully copulate at least 3 times.

View full abstract

Download PDF (893K)
LIFE HISTORY EVOLUTION IN BIENNIAL PLANTS

Naoki KACHI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 19-27
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_19

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

Biennial plants often show a facultative life cycle. Facultative biennials determine the timing of their reproduction by plant size. In a stress-imposing environment they do not flower for more than 3 years until the rosette has reached a critical size. Although delayed reproduction usually lowers the population growth rate, it has several selective advantages. Firstly, delayed reproduction prolongs the period before extinction in declining populations. Secondly, under environmental conditions resulting in a lower fecundity, the optimal age of reproduction is delayed. Thirdly, in a fluctuating environment, facultative reproduction is more favorable than simultaneous reproduction, because size-dependently reproducing plants use a fluctuating environment as fine-grained. It is also advantageous to adopt size-dependent reproduction rather than age-dependent reproduction, since it can alleviate the damage of environmental stresses on population growth. Thus, it is reasonable that so many biennials show a facultative or size-dependent life history rather than an age-dependent life history.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1241K)
CARBON CYCLING IN FOREST ECOSYSTEMS

Kaneyuki NAKANE

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 29-39
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_29

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The importance of studying the cycling of materials, especially carbon, in order to obtain an analytical insight into forest ecosystem mechanisms is emphasized, and a method for analysis of soil carbon cycling using a compartment model is introduced. A comprehensive summary of previous studies on the soil carbon flow and carbon reservoirs reported from many forest types in the world is given, and the cycling of soil carbon during the successional stages of a forest and in several types of climax forest is discussed. A simulation model of soil carbon cycling is introduced, and its availability and application in predicting the influence of human impact on such cycling is also discussed.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1384K)
A REVIEW ON CURRENT COMMUNITY THEORIES : EQUILIBRIUM AND NON-EQUILIBRIUM COMMUNITIES

Hiroshi TAKEDA

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 41-53
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_41

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

The balance of nature has been a background concept in community ecology. In contrast to the concept, the variability of biological populations has been appreciated in mature, such as in outbreak and extinction of species. The two concepts have been transformed into density dependent and density independant regulation in population dynamics and then into equilibrium and non-equilibrium community theories. The competition-equilibrium community theory has been advanced in the empirical and theoretical studies of community and has explained the community organization by the niche theory. The non-equilibrium community theory has argued the importance of non-equilibrium conditions of populations in nature and the reconsideration of community organization from the individualistic or auto-ecological studies of populations constituting communities. The two theroies represent the opposite ends in the continuum of the community patterns in the nature. In the recent 20 years, community ecology has advanced in the diversity studies, competitive-equiliblium and non-equilibrium community theories and now is entering a new stage over these past community studies.

View full abstract

Download PDF (1818K)
CURRENT STUDIES ON SPECIES INTERACTIONS AND COMMUNITY ECOLOGY OF MACROBENTHOS IN INTERTIDAL FLATS : A REVIEW

Akio TAMAKI

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 55-68
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_55

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Show abstractHide abstract

A bird's-eye review is presented for experimental approaches to species interactions in macrobenthos inhabiting intertidal flats and to the effects of predators on their abundance pattern. Species interactions such as reduced competition through partition of resources, inhibition of larval recruitment by established adults, strong competition between adults, and promotive effects on small-sized organisms by large-sized bioturbating infauna are discussed. In the organization process of intertidal flat community, the importance of predation pressure lowering the density of macrobenthos below the carrying capacity of their habitat and that of adult-larval interactions and bioturbation of sediment are highlighted based on the results of two case studies.

View full abstract

Download PDF (2037K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 69-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_69_1

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (249K)
[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 69-70
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_69_2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (418K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 70-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_70

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (131K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages 71-85
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_71

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (1914K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages i-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_i

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (592K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages a-b
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_a

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (67K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages App2-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_App2

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (74K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover3-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_Cover3

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (38K)
[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1986 Volume 36 Issue 1 Pages Cover4-
Published: April 30, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: May 24, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.36.1_Cover4

JOURNAL FREE ACCESS

Download PDF (38K)

Register with J-STAGE for free!