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Article type: Cover
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
Cover1-
Published: August 30, 2001
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Article type: Index
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
Toc1-
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Article type: Appendix
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
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Published: August 30, 2001
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Shigeyasu TAMAEI
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
61-71
Published: August 30, 2001
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Direct planting of mature and immature seeds of the gray mangrove, Avicennia marina (Forsk.)Vierh, is an effective method for mangrove afforestation along the desert coastline of the United Arab Emirates.For afforestation under the severe weather and environmental conditions on this desert coast, a large number of seeds should be stored in good condition until the time of planting.However the optimum method for practical storage of mangrove seeds has not been examined.Generally, mangrove seeds cannot be stored for a long period due to their viviparous character.Gray mangrove seeds have a pericarp for floatation in seawater, and the pericarp also affords protection from dry conditions when the seeds reach the high tide line in the intertidal zone.This characteristic of the pericarp was utilized for seed stotage.Storage in direct sunlight or in a refrigerator is harmful to seeds bacause of irradiation and chilling.Therefore, an air-conditioned room with a constant temperature of 24-25℃ and moisture 48-55% humidity, or a corridor with an air temperature 31-34℃ and 70-80% humidity are suitable places for storing a large number of seeds in good condition.Fresh seeds with pericarp lose weight gradually during storinge, and able to remain viable until they lose 32% of their weight.Such seeds can be stored for 23 days in an air-conditioned room, or 18 days in a corridor.Fresh seeds without a pericarp can be stored 5 days in both places, but 20 days is the absolute storage limit after pericarp removal.The pericarp of all seeds should be removed before planting to inprove the germination rate and avoid flotation in seawater.After soaking for various periods in running or still seawater, the pericarp can be removed easily by handsfrom allseeds without damage to the cotyledons.Fresh seeds require 1-2 days in still seawater(32℃ and 40.5%), and 6 hours soaking is enough for removing the pericarp from seeds stored for 20 days.
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Nobuko TUNO
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
73-86
Published: August 30, 2001
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Periodic samplings of macrosporocarp-gathering insects were made at the Botanical Garden of Kyoto University(35°N, 135°E), Kyoto, Central Japan, from April to December 1991.A total of 2912 insects were collected on mushrooms throughout the active seasons, and a major proportion(36.2%)belonged to the family Drosophilidae.As drosophilids showed the widest range of mushroom utilization among mycophagous insects, mycophagous drosophilids were analyzed with regard to their mushroom resource preferences.The ecological and morphological characteristics of mushrooms were also studied in relation to resource utilization by drosophilids.Cluster analysis of fungus species, based on the similarity matrix among 19 drosophilid assemblies captured from various kinds of mushrooms, demonstrated two remarkable drosophilid-fungus groups.One group comprised mycophagous specialists of the genus Mycodrosophila and the so-called bracket fungi, the fungus family Polyporaceae sensu lato with harder context and greater longevity, whereas the other group comprised generalists of even non-mycophagous species of the genus Drosophila and fungus species of the fungus order Agaricales with softer context and more ephemeral lifespan.
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Kenichiro SHIMATANI
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
87-106
Published: August 30, 2001
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This paper reviews the point process theory focusing on applications to spatial ecology when data are given by a tree distribution map, often together with additional information such as tree size, species, and genotype.Beginning with a rather intuitive definition of point processes, this paper explains several functions that are useful for illustrating the basic characteristics of tree spatial patterns, followed by remarks about the basic assumption of stationality and isotropy.A variety of convenient statistics that express spatial patterns for additional information are introduced with reference to tree sizes, species, and genotypes.When such exploratory analysis reveals some characteristic spatial patterns, the nest step is to construct mathematical models that can explain a given tree distribution, then checking the model fitting by simulation.Currently, the point process theory itself is at the developmental stage and its practical power in ecology is uncertain.However, it can, at least, be applied to exploratory analysis for finding basic characteristics in spatial patterns.Point processing can be expected to have various other applications for analyzing mapped data.
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Article type: Appendix
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
App1-
Published: August 30, 2001
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Michihiro ISHIHARA
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
109-115
Published: August 30, 2001
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Kazunori YAMAHIRA
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
117-123
Published: August 30, 2001
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Masanobu YOSHIO, Minoru ISHII
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
125-130
Published: August 30, 2001
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Hiroyuki KUROTA
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
131-136
Published: August 30, 2001
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Akiko SAKAI
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
137-142
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
143-
Published: August 30, 2001
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Y SON
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
143-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
143-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
143-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
144-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
144-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
144-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
144-
Published: August 30, 2001
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S SUN, X GAO, Y CAI
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
144-145
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-
Published: August 30, 2001
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J ZHANG, Z ZHANG, Z WANG
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-
Published: August 30, 2001
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N USIO, M KONISHI, [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
145-146
Published: August 30, 2001
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U.G. REINHARDT, [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
146-
Published: August 30, 2001
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M. STERNBERG, M. SHOSHANY
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
146-
Published: August 30, 2001
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
146-
Published: August 30, 2001
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Article type: Appendix
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
147-174
Published: August 30, 2001
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Article type: Appendix
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
175-
Published: August 30, 2001
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Article type: Cover
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
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Published: August 30, 2001
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Article type: Cover
2001 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages
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Published: August 30, 2001
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