JAPANESE JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
Online ISSN : 2424-127X
Print ISSN : 0021-5007
ISSN-L : 0021-5007
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Volume 65, Issue 3
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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In Memoriam
Original Articles
  • Valuating pollination services for agriculture in Japan
    Akihiro Konuma, Satoru Okubo
    Article type: Article
    2015 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 217-226
    Published: November 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.65.3_217
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Pollination services are recognized as essential to agriculture and the reproduction of plant species. Recently, valuation of pollination services has come into the spotlight as a worldwide issue due to the decline of flower-visiting bees that contribute to crop production. Although the service is important to the agricultural sector, a comprehensive estimation of the value of available services is limited to services catering to food crop production provided by reared pollinators such as the European honeybee or the bumblebee in Japan. Therefore, we estimated the economic value of pollination services by both reared and wild pollinators to crop production nationwide. The value of the services was 470 billion JPY, which made up 8.3% of the total agricultural production of Japan in 2013. Services valued at ca. 100 billion, 5.3 billion, and 330 billion JPY were provided by reared honeybees, bumblebees, and wild pollinators, respectively. The major recipient crops of these services were fruits of the Rosaceae and fruit vegetables of the Cucurbitaceae and the Solanaceae. Some fruit-producing prefectures were highly dependent on pollination service for up to 27% of the total agricultural production of the area. Long-term trends of dependence on pollination services are increasing due to socio-economic changes such as the decline of rice and the increase in the production of other commodity crops. These trends may indicate an increase in dependence on pollination services in the future.
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  • Effect of the warming experiment using open chambers on the production of the konara oak(Quercus serrata)
    Kozue Nakamura, Junji Sano
    Article type: Article
    2015 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 227-240
    Published: November 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.65.3_227
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We examined the effect of increasing temperature on the production of konara oak (Quercus serrata) acorns using three Open Top Canopy Chambers (OTCCs), which mimicked global warming in the canopy of a Q. serrata secondary forest. First, we enumerated the number of shoots and male catkins before collecting male catkins and measuring their lengths and dry weights both inside and outside (i.e., controls) of the OTCCs. We also regularly enumerated the number of female flowers on the branches until all of the acorns were dropped. We collected the acorns with seed traps beneath each crown at regular intervals and measured their dry weights and the ratio of total phenols in mature specimens. The number of male catkins per shoot inside the OTCCs was greater than that outside the OTCCs. Moreover, both the lengths and dry weights of male catkins inside the OTCCs tended to be greater than those outside the OTCCs. In contrast, the number of male flowers per shoot inside the OTCCs was lower than that outside the OTCCs. However, female flower survival did not differ between the treated specimens and the controls. Additionally, the ratio of total phenols in mature acorns did not differ; however, for all collected acorns, we found a positive correlation between drop day and dry weight. Finally, there were negative correlations between both drop day and dry weight and the ratio of total phenols in mature acorns. This study indicates that a temperature increase during the initiation of Q. serrata flower buds affects the number of male catkins and female flowers, which will likely affect the acorn crop.
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Review
  • An introduction to convergent cross mapping : a novel method for causality detection in ecological time series
    Shin-Ichiro Nakayama, Masato S. Abe, Hiroshi Okamura
    Article type: Article
    2015 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 241-253
    Published: November 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.65.3_241
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Ecologists frequently need to detect causalities among events from time series data. It can be difficult to detect causality from time series data created from complex, deterministic, nonlinear systems, which are universal. Convergent cross mapping is a novel method for detecting causality in such situations. This review explains the mechanism, how to use the method, and future issues with this method.
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  • Studies of interaction networks among insect species : Insights from DNA barcoding
    Keiko Kishimoto-Yamada, Motomi Ito
    Article type: Article
    2015 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 255-266
    Published: November 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.65.3_255
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Characterizing interaction networks among insect species provides valuable information about the mechanisms and sustenance of terrestrial biodiversity. The number of studies using DNA barcoding to investigate the interaction networks among insect species is increasing gradually. DNA barcoding is a method of identifying organisms using short, standardized fragments of genomic DNA. Here, we review DNA barcoding studies that focus primarily on interactions between insect predators (including herbivores) and their prey. The study workflow comprises the following steps: (1) target predators are sampled in the field, (2) prey DNA ingested by the predators is retrieved from the predator's body and the barcode regions amplified, (3) the prey sequences are assigned to taxonomic groups using a DNA reference database, and (4) interaction networks are constructed based on these data. We also identified methodological problems that are likely to occur when applying this method. Recent studies have also shown that DNA barcoding can detect novel linkages between species, as well as many other linkages that are undetectable when using conventional methods such as direct observation.
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Feature Ecological restoration of paddy fields with regards to biodiversity
From field research sites (31)
Academic job hunting abroad (1)
  • Marine ecosystem history research, my research history, and academic job hunting abroad(Academic job hunting abroad (1))
    Moriaki Yasuhara
    Article type: Article
    2015 Volume 65 Issue 3 Pages 309-314
    Published: November 30, 2015
    Released on J-STAGE: May 23, 2017
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.18960/seitai.65.3_309
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In the 62nd Ecological Society of Japan Annual Meeting in Kagoshima, I had an opportunity to give a lecture in the "How to obtain academic position abroad 2" forum in 20th March, 2015. Here I introduce the contents of my lecture: it starts from brief self-introduction, and then I briefly overview my marine ecosystem history research using paleoecological methods and personal research history including my student time in japan, postdoc in the USA, and PI (principal investigator) in Hong Kong. Finally, I discuss "How to obtain academic position (postdoc and PI) abroad" mainly based on my experience in the USA and Hong Kong. This is "N=1" story based on my personal experience, but I hope that (at least a part of) this article is useful for early career scientists.
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