Electroless nickel plating is not initiated on the copper substrate since there is little catalytic action with respect to the oxidation reaction of sodium hypophosphite on the copper. Therefore, a palladium catalyst treatment is generally applied. However, the extraneous deposition of nickel on the resist or resin is often observed as a result of treatment with the palladium catalyst along with the shrinking of patterns.
This research involved improving the selective deposition through the use of Dimethyl Amine Borane (DMAB) instead of the palladium catalyst. Selective deposition has improved with the addition of DMAB to the electroless nickel plating bath as a second reducing agent.
The mechanism of the selective deposition on the copper through the use of DMAB in electroless nickel plating has been explained in this study.

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An electro-graph test using zinc instead of cadmium was evaluated as a alternative porosity measurement method. This technique was effective in the porosity evaluation of electroless nickel plating on copper substrate.
Pinholes of electroless nickel deposits produced on copper substrate by the conventional palladium catalyst process have been compared to direct electroless nickel plating on copper using DMAB as a second reducing agent.
Results confirmed that fewer pinholes are produced on electroless nickel films when not using the palladium catalyst process than with films treated using the conventional palladium catalyst process. The direct electroless nickel plating films displayed excellent corrosion resistance.

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Steel laminated with Polyester film for soft drink cans container will gradually replace lacquer-coated steel sheets due to environmental concerns and cost considerations. The process is characterized by partial melting of the film on the steel surface during lamination as a result of pressing the supplied films between both sides of heated steel and a couple of cooled rubber rolls. Various characteristics of film-laminated steel for can use are strongly influenced by the degree of biaxial orientation of the laminated film, and the characteristics are significantly influenced by laminating speed and temperature of the laminating roll.
Therefore, this report deals with the results of an experiments regarding variations in the degree of biaxial orientation and the characteristics of film-laminated steel with several laminating conditions. This research demonstrated that it is possible to estimate the adhesive property of film-laminated steel by the degree of biaxial orientation and the thickness of the amorphous layer.
Furthermore, the adhesive property of film-laminated steel decreases with an increasing in the laminating speed or temperature of the the laminating roll because of the decreasing thickness of the amorphous layer at the same degree of biaxial orientation.

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