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Article type: Cover
Pages
Cover1-
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Article type: Index
Pages
A1-A50
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Nobuharu MAEDA, Seishi OKADA, Michiko KIMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-42
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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In recent years, eutrophication etc. has been a big problem in the water area of the closing nature by corruption resulting from industry and life system drainage. Introduction of an advanced water processing system is increasingly called for in such a background. Then, while this research introduced the electrolysis process, current was turned on electricity making an activated sludge processor rotate an iron electrode, and having been effective for the T-P removal, COD removal, and smell removal by the dissolution of iron was admitted.
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Kazuo WATANABE, Toshiyuki SAKANISHI, Shoichi MATUDA, Hiroshi NAKAJIMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-43
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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In the practice of building maintenance, they seldom observe the hot and chilled water line of air-conditioning systems. They occasionally find red water and sometimes encountered corrosion of iron or copper component. A magnetic water treatment device has been successfully applied for the corrosion prevention of these systems and conditions in relation are fairly clarified at several buildings. Concentrated reddish iron impurities in circulating waters were reduced to under 1 mg/L within three months and pH values were apparently enhanced. Copper concentration in water was also reduced.
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Yukinobu YOKOTE, Yoshihiko KIKUSHIMA, Toshiaki KIUCHI, Youichi HARADA, ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-44
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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First, we explain production, variety of types which can be used as construction facilities and actual installation record of bonded anchor. Since many factors such as cleaning of drill hole, etc. can effect to tensile strength, we report evaluation for different methods of cleaning process (blower, vacuum, air pump, compressor, brush etc.,) this time.
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Yoshihiko KIKUSHIMA, Yukinobu YOKOTE, Toshihisa MATSUSHIMA, Masahiro I ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-45
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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We evaluate tensile strength of bonded anchor installed by qualified person. Factors of installation conditions are cleaning drill hole, stir time of mixture, diameter of drill hole and depth of hole. In this test, there are clear differences on destructiveness compared to cone destructiveness made by metal anchors. Also we report relationship of installation factors and bonded strength at bonded value 10 N/mm^2.
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Youji HOSOKAWA, Yukinbu YOKOTE, Yoshihiko KIKUSHIMA, Masayoshi TOMIZAW ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-46
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Comparison test between "not qualified but experienced person "and "not qualified and inexperienced person " has been made on the installation of bonded anchor. This report shows the evaluation of decrease of tensile strength by worker.
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Masayuki MAE, Motoyasu KAMATA, Noriyoshi ICHIKAWA, Akihiko IIO, Minako ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-47
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Hot water occupies one third of total residential energy consumption, and development of energy efficient hot water system is critical. For that purpose, the grasp of actual usage is becoming more important. In this paper, hot water consumption is measured in 74 houses, and tendency is analyzed especially on its average and seasonal, daily, time fluctuation. This result indicates the real usage, and could be applied for development for new hot water system.
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Noboru MIYAMOTO, Motoyasu KAMATA, Noriyoshi ICHIKAWA, Akihiko IIO, Mas ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-48
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Hot water consumption has been surveyed for 47 apartment houses in Tokyo since Jan. 2005. The survey consists of 2 parts, on-site measurement and questionnaires. In this paper, the fundamental analysis of hot water consumption, such as average, standard deviation and when, where, how the residents have used hot water, in winter is shown. We will utilize this survey method to develop more energy-saving hot water supply system.
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Atsushi TANAKA, Saburo MURAKAWA, Daisaku NISHINA, Hiroshi TAKATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-49
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The authors carried out a measurement about the consumption and the operating temperature of hot and cold water of the guest rooms in a city hotel. The purpose of this study is to develop the calculating method for hot and cold water consumption in the guest rooms of city hotel by the Monte Carlo simulation technique based on the analysis of hot and cold water usage. In this paper, as part 1, the overview of this data and the analysis result were shown and it considered about the characteristic of the changing tendency for the loads by the guest attribute.
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Hiroshi TAKATA, Saburo MURAKAWA, Daisaku NISHINA, Atsushi TANAKA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-50
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The authors have advanced the development of a calculating method for the time series loads of cold and hot water consumption by the Monte Carlo simulation technique. The purpose of this study is to obtain the fundamental data of the hot water consumption in the restaurants. The measurements of hot water consumption were carried out in 7 restaurants in each season. As for the measurement data, the time series loads of hot water consumption were analyzed in each season. The fluctuation patterns of the hourly hot water consumption were classified into 3 types by cluster analysis.
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Rumi TANAKA, Akihiko IIO, Noriyoshi ICHIKAWA, Motoyasu KAMATA, Naoko T ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-51
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Family composition and life-styles of individual keep diversifying by falling birthrate, aging, and so on. It is expected that cold and hot water usage pattern is changed along with that. So, we surveyed that by questionnaire concerning the cold and hot water use in dwelling houses. The purpose of this research is to grasp tendency of the cold and hot water use at each home composition in order to contribute to more efficient, energy-saving hot water usage.
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Keiko MURO, Yasuo KUWASAWA, Takeshi KONDO, Shizuo IWAMOTO
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-52
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Energy consumed for hot-water supply is to account for about one third of household energy consumption. For energy conservation, reducing the energy consumption for hot-water supply plays a big part. As basic research towards reducing hot water consumption in daily life, we determined the minimum required water temperature for dishware washing by subjective experiments and by survey and calculated the energy-saving effect of not using hot water for dishware washing. The results showed that the water temperature needs to be 20℃ or higher for dishware washing. If water at 20℃ is supplied only for dishware washing in winter, hot-water supply energy consumption will not be reduced by more than about 13%. The total energy consumed for hot-water supply, however, will be reduced by about 35% because the water temperature itself is high.
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Takeo KANEKO, Kazunori MOROZUMI, Yasuhiro HAKAMATA, Seishi OKADA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-53
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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It experimented about the decrease status which accompanies the heating of chlorine residuals. As for the result, the higher the water temperature became, the faster the decrease speed became. In the experiment in the still-standing condition which used a copper tube with 15 mm diameter, in case of equal to or more than 50 ℃ , it disappeared within about 1 hour.
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Hitoshi KOHNO, Shin MATSUTAKE, Makoto OHKI, Kanji SUGIYAMA, Katsuhiko ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-54
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Ordinarily Legionella is sterilized with chloride germicide for the bath water in the recirculation and purification system. The germicide, however, changes chemical properties of hot spring water or bath liquid. So we designed a heat-recovery heating sterilization system and evaluated its sterilization and energy saving performance using an experimental facility which mechanically circulates and purifies the bath water. Through a long-term experiment, it was shown that no Legionella was detected in supply water to a bathtub after retained in a tank at 77 degrees C for more than two minutes and that the sterilization system could be operated with approximate one tenth of heating energy which is consumed to heat the water up to the same temperature without heat recovery.
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Masamistu OGAWA, Hitoshi AKAI, Takeo KANEKO, Tamostu TAKAYANAGI, Kastu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-55
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The Group Infection of Legionella Infectious Disease which occurred in Public Bathhouses gave us a big shock. Why did the excellent accidents that was such a misery occur at the Public Bathhouses which should has been safe, This Report is based on the Findings in the Bathhouses where Legionella accident occurred and describes the points to keep in mind in a plan of Bathhouse Facility.
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Tsutomu NAKAMURA, Masamitsu OGAWA, Tomoo INADA, Katsuhiko NAKAMURA, Fu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-56
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Recently there have been a lot of fetal accidents by Legionella disease originated in bathtubs. Some point out the importance of facility management of circulation filtration system, hot spring storage tank, bathtubs etc. to prevent the accidents, as well as water quality management. This report shows comparison of the filtration ability effect between the linear velocity and the filtration path length of sand filter systems.
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Tomoo INADA, Masamitsu OGAWA, Tsutomu NAKAMURA, Katsuhiko NAKAMURA, Fu ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-57
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Recently there have been a lot of fetal accidents by Legionella disease originated in bathtubs. Some point out the importance of facility management of circulation filtration system, hot spring storage tank, bathtubs etc. to prevent the accidents, as well as water quality management. This report describes the result that examined influence of linear velocity about the efficiency of Backwash.
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Hitoshi AKAI, Seishi OKADA, Harunobu MAEDA, Hiroshi YANO, Fumitoshi KI ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-58
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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This monograph reports the experiments to identify the quantity of water pollutant and eliminating free residual chlorine in bath water. The experiments were conducted under condition that is 1) to wash body with liquid soap, 2) to wash body with water only and 3) not to wash body, dosing 1) sodium hypochlorite, 2) BCDMH (3-bromo-1-chloro-5, 5-dimethylhydantoin) and 3) chloride dioxide as disinfectant.
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Shinya NAKAMURA, Keiko NOCHI, Masayuki OTSUKA, Hiroyuki TSUDA, Toshihi ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-59
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The previous report showed that there was the water quality degradation by Legionella and algae in the storage tank installed on the roof. In this study, generation control of algae and disinfection method variously were verified as a countermeasure of the water quality degradation, and disinfection method for being optimum for the roof greening system was searched.
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Kunio AGATA, Keiko NOCHI, Hiroyuki MORIBAYASHI, Hitoshi AKAI, Fumitosh ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-60
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Recently there have been a lot of fetal accidents by Legionella disease originated in bathtubs. Some point out the importance of facility management of circulation filtration system, hot spring storage tank, bathtubs etc. to prevent the accidents, as well as water quality management. Chlorine is a disinfectant most generally used. The authors analyzed the water quality of various hot spring waters. ORP (Oxidation Reduction Potential) and free residual chlorine concentration at the time of chlorine addition were investigated, and the relation of water quality was examined.
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Hiroyuki MORIBAYASH, Keiko NOCHI, Hitoshi AKAI, Kunio AGATA, Fumitoshi ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-61
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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In this study, the experimental examination was carried out on growth characteristic of the Legionella genus fungus for hot spring water variously. In addition, the biofilm addition test was also carried out on the assumption of the case in which the biofilm existed in the hot spring water. As the result, it was possible to clarify that the component of the spring quality affects the multiplication of the Legionella.
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Keiko NOCHI, Kunio AGATA, Hiroyuki MORIBAYASHII, Hitoshi AKAI, Fumitos ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-62
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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In this study, the disinfection test was carried out for the sample which the Legionella did the survival at the geothermal water quality variously. Applied disinfection method are chlorination, chlorine dioxide and ultraviolet irradiation method. As the result, there was not large difference by the spring quality, and the Legionella was effectively inactivated under the condition for detecting the residual chlorine.
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Satoru KOSHIMIZU, Noriyoshi ICHIKAWA, Fumitoshi KIYA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-63
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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This paper is one part of a study on countermeasure to Legionella in the Public Bath. In this paper, the authors described it about an experiment and investigation to clarify flow phenomena in the bath-tub. The examination was carried out in the model bath-tub, and an existent spa facility. The model bath-tub was 2m wide, 3m long, and 0.8m depth, and has 4 outlet changing use each other, and a pump changing flow rate from 50 L/min to 100 L/min. Visualized flow was get by 2 video cameras from upward and forward and analyzed.
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Noriyoshi ICHIKAWA, Yasushi KONDO, Takeshi OGASAWARA
Article type: Article
Session ID: A-64
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The Legionellosis infectious disease has been a serious problem in big bathtubs with water re-circulation system installed in swimming pools, spas, public baths etc. It can be supposed that a bathtub has such infectious risk when water is stagnant in it. This paper presents CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation on water flow within an experiment tank and the stagnant region in the tank is studied numerically. The CFD can predict the detail of water flow in the tank and the results are compared to the experiment. In this paper, the age of water is proposed as an index of exchange efficiency of water in a tank. The age of air is widely used as an index of ventilation efficiency by HVAC engineers, and the similar index, i.e. the age of water, is applied to water exchange efficiency.
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Atsuo NOZAKI, Yusuke ICHIJO, Susumu YOSHIZAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-25
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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"sick house" is a serious air quality problem which should be immediately solved. On the other hand, domestic air cleaners are widely used as prevention technology for indoor air pollution. Air cleaners are usually classified by the method employed to remove particles of various sizes from the air. There are three typical types of air cleaners on the market. They are mechanical filters, electronic air cleaners and ion generators. Some air cleaners are designed to remove gaseous pollutants as well as particles. However, studies on the removal effectiveness of portable or domestic air cleaners on gaseous pollutants are limited. So we conducted an experiment study with a testing method in the constant-pollutant emission to the air cleaner. The performance was expressed by the index of equivalent clean air rate or ECAR[m^3/h]. Tbree types ofair cleaners' ECARranged from 16.1 to 17.3[m^3/h]. In this report, our prediction method on indoor concentration was confirmed and result showed that the correspondence rate between measured value and predicted one of formaldehyde concentrations were 76.5 to 99.9[%].
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Atsuo NOZAKI, Yusuke ICHIJO, Susumu YOSHIZAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-26
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The so-called "sick house" is caused by chemical substances such as formaldehyde and VOC generated from indoor emission sources. As one of the measures to prevent "sick house", domestic air cleaners have been widely used recently and the practical testing method for air cleaners has also been needed. So, we made a practical propose for the test and evaluation method to determine the chemical substances removal rates in the condition of a constant emission to the device. In this experiment, results showed that air cleaners' ECAR of VOC ranged from 26.4 to 51.6[m^3/h]. We also achieved a high accuracy prediction method for indoor VOC concentration during operation of air cleaners. The correspondence rate between measured value and predicted one of VOC concentrations were 73.0 to 99.9[%].
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Atsuo NOZAKI, Takashi YADA, Yusuke ICHIJO, Shinya HANDA, Kunihiro SASA ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-27
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Nowadays, there are various type of domestic air cleaners in which some of the new technologies are used. in this study, we noted the air cleaners with used chemical absorbent, and examined removal performances of them for indoor air pollutants. The evaluation of performance was made by use of test method in the condition of constant emission and the performance was expressed by the index of equivalent clean air rat or ECAR. Result showed that formaldehyde air cleaners' ECAR ranged from 27.5 to 48.8[m^3/h] and the VOC's one ranged from 29.4 to 34.8[m^3/h].The coincidence rate between predicted value and measured one of formaldehyde concentrations were 94.9 to 96.3[%], and the coincidence rate for VOC concentrations were 91.1 to 92.5[%].
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Naoki KAGI, U Yanagi, Koichi IKEDA, Hajime TAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-28
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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It is one of the most important factors to control organic contaminants in indoor environment and a cleanroom for semiconductor manufacture. Since an air cleaner and air conditioning unit that generate ions have been increased in general indoor environment, atmospheric ion reacted with organic compounds and generates secondary formed contaminants. In this report, organic compound, toluene, coexisted with air ion in 20 L tedlar bag, the air were analyzed with GC/MS and HPLC. The measurements of VOC concentrations were carried out in two buildings that had ionizers in the duct.
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Tomonori ITO, Kazunori SHIOZAKI, Kazumi SIMAKURA, Shintaro YOKOYAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-29
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Radon short-lived decay products generated from the earth is one of the serious indoor air pollutants in Europe and US. We set up boxy measuring devices, which were developed by National Institute of Radiological Science, Japan, in the campus of Hokkaido University. By using the filter pack method we measured concentration of radon and its decay products inside of the boxy measuring device and the surrounding outdoor air. We also performed to measure ventilation rate of the device. By using the ventilation rate and concentration values radon exhalation rate was calculated. We found out that radon exhalation rate might be significantly related with atmosphere pressure We calculated required ventilation rate by using radon exhalation rate in underground spaces, which would get into high concentration when ventilation rate was very low.
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Etsuro ARIKAWA, Hiroyuki TODA, Kaori SAKO, Junichi SAKAMOTO, Akiko AND ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-30
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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We measure the formaldehyde concentration in the dissecting room which parted in a small room in a college. The measurement in the large dissecting room is carried out in the past, but it is not carried out in the dissecting room which parted in a small room. Results are as follows. 1) The formaldehyde concentration is high in the dissection training initial stage, and it gradually decreases for the final stage. A tendency of this concentration change is similar to the other university. 2) In this measurment, acetaldehyde is generated as well as formaldehyde, too.
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Etsuko MOCHIZUKI, Toshie IWATA, Shin-ichi TANABE
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-31
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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A new simplified method for monitoring the concentration of air-borne fungi has been developed. By using the new method, field measurements in 73 bed rooms in winter and 71 living rooms in spring were conducted to identify the reliability of this method for untrained conductors. The results showed that about 60 % of the measured samples passed the quality check, e. g. the travel blank. Also it has been identified that the measurement by this simplified method was adequate enough to show the category in European guidelines which is based on measurements by air-samplers.
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Masamitsu HIROSE, Shuzo MURAKAMI, Ryozo OOKA, Shinsuke KATO, Toshiaki ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-32
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Buildings have become very airtight nowadays. Accordingly, microbe pollution has become serious in indoorenvironment. In this paper, the authors present the indoor temperature and absolute humidity distributions by coupled analysis of CFD and hygrothermal transfer in building materials. Furthermore, the fungal index is adopted in order to estimate the risk of indoor fungal pollution. In conclusion, it is confirmed that the moisture adsorptive building materials has a significant effect to reduce the indoor fungal pollution.
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Takahiro KASHIWA, Tatsuaki TANAKA, Masao MORI
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-33
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Air-borne microbial diseases are reported in large numbers in hospitals. They are fungal allergic diseases of asthma and atopic dermatitis, pathogenic infections, and hospital-acquired infections. Practically, however, reports on actual air environmental condition in hospitals are few and the hospital designers do not understand the actuality. From a viewpoint of indoor microbial contamination and to construct the database providing indices for design and management of hospital buildings, the dynamic investigation was made on air-borne, settling, and adhering microbes inside general hospitals. This paper reports the result of comparison of the investigation results with the temperature/humidity conditions, existing indices and on the field investigation between the rooms in hospital equiped with the antibacterial performances in daily-changes, and differed from the last studies.
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Takehito Sano, Kana Yamada, Shouji Yamazaki, Kouichi Ikeda
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-34
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The current research measured the current state of a hospital for one year from the perspective of preventive medicine along with the implementation of measures to prevent the spread of infection and promote sanitation and an environment to that would not facilitate infection. The work sought to study changes regarding "hospital sanitization" of a small-to-medium-sized hospital. As the also new try, We analyze multivariate analysis using the technique of the finite element method, report on the way of evaluating. Measurement focused on microbes (staphylococcus and fungi), the most serious sources of infection in a hospital, and studied common bacteria (total count), fungi, staphylococcus aureus, and multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus. We measured airborne microbes at principal locations in the hospital and we measured the microbe count (colony count) after culturing. In addition, we also measured air cleanliness in a hospital environment and microbes (surface-adherent microbes) adhering mainly to hospital fixtures in direct contact with walls (work tables, handrails, bed sheets, etc.).
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Kazunori SHIOZAKI, Kohji HATAYA, Kazumi SHIMAKURA, Shintaro YOKOYAMA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-35
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The present study describes improvement methods for indoor microbial contamination in urban public facilities. We investigated the effects of low concentration of hypochlorous acid water on influenza virus with the tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID-50) assay using Caco-II cells and hemagglutination test. And experiment of applying system reducing airborne microbe to a primary school is introduced. Experimental results showed the validity on improvement of both relative humidity and airborne bacteria and fungi. In addition bactericidal effects of low concentration of hypochlorous acid water against Legionella bacteria in hot spring water as well as in distilled water are demonstrated.
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Mina Fujino, Etsuko Mochizuki, Toshie Iwata
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-36
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Filed investigations on indoor air pollution caused by fungi and mite allergen were conducted in 13 nursery schools in Tokyo. The results showed that fungi and mite allergen in the nursery schools were lower than these in the houses measured in the previous studies. The result showed that no significant differences in fungi and mite allergen between temperture, relative humidity and floor materials in this study. To analyze the factors which increase fungi, mite allergen and quantification method I was carried out with the results of the questionnaire survey. It was identified that the effets of materials was large on both fungi and mite allergen.
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Masazumi GOHDO, Kunio MIURA, Ryouta INAGE, Takeshi TAKATSUKA, Kenji AO ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-37
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Recently, it becomes more important to reduce airborne microbes and nasty smell from the viewpoint of indoor air quality. We developed an air cleaning and sterilization system with oblique honeycomb by using chlorine dioxide (ClO_2). In this study, we examined the sterilization and deodorization properties of chlorine dioxide. Gaseous chlorine dioxide showed the ability of sterilization for the microbes at the concentration of 0.1ppm, and decomposed some compounds, such as trimethylamine, ammonia and methylmercaptan. It was considered that chlorine dioxide was suitable for the cleaning and sterilization system.
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U YANAGI, Koichi IKEDA, Kana Yamada
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-38
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Part1 reported the results obtained by the field investigations about the actual status of microbial contamination and the humidity characteristics related to the microbial growth, in each part inside of an air conditioning system. About microbial growth environment, the relative humidity characteristics of both the inside of an air conditioner and air outlet were compared, and the influence of the relative humidity characteristic to microbial growth was studied. It was suggested that growth of a microbe can be suppressed by controlling the humidity environment in an air-conditioning system immediately after stopping air-conditioner operation. This paper describes the laboratory study about the influence on the microbial growth speed by controlling relative humidity. Microbial growth speed, the value of hyphal length divided by time, was evaluated using Eurottum herbartorum in this study. It was proved that the method of controlling humidity environment can suppress the microbial growth speed.
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Koichi IKEDA, U YANAGI, Naoki KAGI, Kousuke TAKATORI, Maki Aihara
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-39
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The in-situ tests about anti-microbe of an case air filter by comparing with a control air filter under the same environmental conditions were carried out in winter 2005. Tests were performed to the filters installed in both an AHU (Air Handling Unit and OAHU (Outdoor Air Handling Unit). The main conclusions obtained from this study are as follows. (1) There were no remarkable differences in the number of adhesive bacteria and fungal between the case and control filters. (2) No differences of the number and specie of the fungi among the three kinds of culture media, i.e., PDA, M40Y, and DG-18 were observed. (3) It confirmed from the results obtained by chamber-test that many kinds of volatile organic compounds are emitted from both a case and control filter. Moreover, the quantity of the volatile organic compound emitted from a filter was not negligible.
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Yuriko IGARASHI, Osamu KOGA, Wataru URABE, Kazuyoshi NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-40
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The odors and greasy fumes caused by cooking often diffuse into an adjacent living space because the open-type kitchen is not partitioned. We investigated the status of odor diffusion and explored a method for odor evaluation in open-type kitchens. (1) The aliphatic aldehyde, which is responsible for the acrid odor, is present in greasy fumes caused by cooking. The aliphatic aldehyde was collected by the DNPH passive sampling method and the volatile substances were measured by gas chromatography. The aliphatic aldehyde was detected at all measuring points in an adjacent living space. (2) In order to ascertain the time fluctuation of the intensity of oil odor, subjective odor evaluation was performed in an adjacent room.
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Shohei NOGUCHI, Masakazu HASEGAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-41
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The deodorizing methods such as oxidation by ozone and photocatalysis, absorbents, deodorants are taken to remove odor at the facilities for aged. Though it has some negative points, the method of oxidation by ozone is taken because of the effect on the adhered odor. And the unit air-conditioners installed ozonizer are producted.But there is no reports that shows the difference of ozone distribution when the operating pattern of unit air-conditioner is changed. So we measured ozone concentration under 9 operating patterns. The results shows that ozone concentration depend on the air flow. The increasing rate of ozone concentration at lower level is larger than the higher level when the amour of ozone was increased.
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Takeshi TAKATSUKA, Ryota INAGE, Masazumi GOHDO, Kunio MIURA
Article type: Article
Session ID: B-42
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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We investigated the air-conditioning system which generated a bad smell in an office building. In the air-conditioning system with a bad smell, we detected many microbes on the coil surface and in the drain of a fan coil unit. There were many microbes in the indoor air with a bad smell, compared with the indoor air without a bad smell. We detected much 2-Hexyl-1-decanol and 1-Hexadecanol in the indoor air with a bad smell rather than the indoor air without a bad smell. We identified Pseudomonas stutzeri, which had the nitrous oxide reductase, from the drain of the air-conditioning system with a bad smell.
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Yoshifumi MAEKAWA, Yukitaka MURATA
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-47
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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Residential thermal conditions in winter were surveyed for 37 elderly people over 65. The survey consists of 2 parts, questionnaires and on-site measurement. The questionnaires asked them what kind of heating appliances they used, where they used them, how to use them in their homes, so on. Temperatures in some rooms, such as living rooms, bath rooms ,etc were measured on-site for a week. Generally speaking, room temperatures in living rooms were higher than those in bath rooms, rest rooms. Some residents hardly complained, although they lived in poor thermal conditions.
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Nobuko HASHIGUCHI, Yutaka TOCHIHARA, Tadakatsu OHNAKA, Kazuo EMURA, Hi ...
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-48
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a floor heating (condition F) and an air conditioning system (condition A) on thermal responses in the elderly in a purpose-built experimental house. Subjects were nine elderly men and nine university students. The air temperature at sitting head height in condition A was set at 27℃, and the maximum difference in vertical air temperature was 5℃. The air and floor temperatures in condition F were 23 and 29℃, respectively. There was no significant difference in thermal responses under the conditions A and F between elderly and young subjects. However, instep and sole skin temperatures related significantly to thermal comfort in elderly subjects, whereas the relationship was not found in young subjects.
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Chitake KARAKI, Hideaki MATSUHASHI, Yutaka TOCHIHARA, Yujin SUNWOO
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-49
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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We are studying the influence of low relative humidity in humans. In our last paper, we measured Saccharin Clearance Time (SCT), Blinking Times, etc. as physiological responses. We asked about psychological responses using a questionnaire. There were significant differences among the conditions of different humidity in dryness and thermal sensation. In this paper, we compared older people with younger regarding the effects of low humidity on physiological and psychological responses in heated environments. There were no significant differences between older and younger subjects as far as physiological responses were concerned. But younger people responded more sensitively to changes in humidity and in thermal sensation and comfort than did older subjects.
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Yujin SUNWOO, Yutaka TOCHIHARA, Chitake KARAKI, Hideaki MATSUHASHI
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-50
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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In order to investigate the permissible level of low relative humidity, we measured saccharin clearance time (SCT), frequency of blinking, blood pressure and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as physiological responses. We asked subjects to judge thermal, dryness and comfort sensations as subjective responses using a rating scale. Sixteen non-smoking healthy male students were selected. The pre-room conditions were maintained at an air temperature (Ta) of 25℃ and a relative humidity (RH) of 50%. The test-room conditions were adjusted to provide a Ta of 25℃ and RH levels of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Under 10%, 20%, 30% of RH, the eyes and skin became dry, and under 10%, 20% of RH the nasal mucous membrane also became dry as well as the eyes and skin. Subjects felt cold immediately after a change in RH while they had only a slight perception of dryness with a change of humidity.
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Shigeru MATSUURA, Chikako ISAI
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-51
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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This paper presents thermal simulation for government building model including equivalent air-conditioning machines and duct networks system using simulation-aided design software, SAPLO (Simulation-aided Architectural Planning Language based on Object-oriented concept). In this building-equipment model system simulation, all temperatures and heat flows and branch flows can be observed, for example, temperatures of supply air and room air and wall surface and so on. As a result, dynamic simulation can support the design at initial stage of basic design, by observing thermal behavior close to real working in annual simulation.
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Atsushi YAZAWA, Takayuki MATSUSHIMA, Tatsuo NOBE
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-52
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to estimate the skin load of the building by the thermally analogous model. The set of two thermally analogous model is called "Emulator". The assumption formula of the emulator was deduced from the equation of the passage heat quantity. The basic experiment was conduct in order to verify the assumption formula. To confirm whether the emulator is able to correspond to under various conditions, a basic experiment did some items in doors and outdoors. The correctness of the emulator was able to verify from the basic experiment. It is possible to understand the skin load by the emulator.
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Masaaki HIGUCHI, Tomoko OGAWA
Article type: Article
Session ID: C-53
Published: July 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: August 31, 2017
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This study is intended to clarify the thermal characteristics of outer wall with the ventilated air layer. Under the various conditions, the air conditioning load is calculated. The parameters are the thermal capacity, the opening area of air layer, the season, with/without the phase change material and so on. This report also describes the effect of using the phase change material. It is clarified that the heating load in winter under the clear sky is increased with the ventilated air layer. Also it is clarified that the air conditioning load is decreased with the phase change material.
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