資源と素材
Online ISSN : 1880-6244
Print ISSN : 0916-1740
ISSN-L : 0916-1740
105 巻, 9 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1~9を表示しています
  • 阿部 徳之助
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 651-655
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Kansai International Airport is to be constructed on an island in Osaka Bay created by landfill and a large volume of earth 150 million m3of earth, which must be prepared for this project in three years. To supply for the above, it was decided to carry out large-scale development of a 150 million-ton shale deposit at Nihon Cement Co., Ltd's Uchida quarry on Awaji Island, Hyogo Prefecture, in a short period of time.
    For this purpose, Nihon Cement founded Kansai Asano Mining Co., Ltd., a wholly-owned subsidiary, in January, 1986, and development work was begun. Construction proceeded in accordance with a detailed plan. The monthly production goal of 1 million m3 (1.7 million ton) was reached after 18 months later.
    The basic policy for development was as follows.
    1. The latest technology was employed to the greatest extent possible to create a highly productive quarryon the largest scale in the shortest time.
    2. Under planned investment, activities to protect safety and prevent environmental polution were carried out.
    3. Large-scale facilities were installed, Central Control System and the Production Administration System (PAS) introduced, which is the computor monitoring andautmation system from the working face to the shipping port and production payability improved and production cost lowered.
    4. Reclamation in which mining had been completed would be fully considered in cooperation with local authorities.
    This paper was prepared based on investigation carried out to create the development and determine conditions related to the realization ofthe above project.
  • 吉田 廣
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 656-660
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Working Level of Horonai Coal Mine which is the most deepest mine in Japan has reached up to the depth of S.L (Sea Level)-1, 210 m, i.e. to the 10th Level.
    The distance between the Levels isvertically 70 m and our present rate of deepening in a year is 20m. As a coal mining method, we have been adopting mechanized mining since 1969 using Self Advancing Powered Roof Support with Double Ranging Drum Shearer.
    Horonai Coal Mine has been tormented with two large problems.
    1. One of the high temperature environment in underground.
    2. Other is the inclination increase of mechanized working face.
    According to the deepening ofmining area, the working environment is getting worse year by year owing to the high temperature and inclination increase.
    Since 1983 we have been studying positively to solve these problems and have tried various countermeasures.
    1. Central Cooling System which is the first installation of its kind in Japan, adding to the operation of former type partical cooling system. We could have succeeded to obtain almost sufficient environmental condition.
    2. We have been adopting mechanaized mining techniques for the coal seams inclination, which was limited to about 25 degrees. As a result of reinforcement and improvement, it hasbecome possible to mine under the steep seams inclination of 43 degrees inclination. It was solved by the mechanized mining techniques for the steep coal seams of about 40 degrees inclination.
  • 瀬戸 政宏, 木山 保, 成田 孝, 河野 信, 塩田 莞爾, 鍋谷 弘, 出口 剛太
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 661-666
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    During the hydrofracturing experiments at Mitsui-Ashibetsu coal mine, observations of Acoustic Emission (AE) were carried out inorder to study the fracture mechanism. Six piezoelectric accelerometers were used for the observation. Hypocenters of 632 AE events were located during the experiment.
    The results of the observation revealed the following characteristics of the AE, (1) the spatial distribution of hypocenters of AE is a fractal, and the fractal dimension is 2.08, (2) the plane of AE hypocenters' distribution is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the minimum principal stress in rock of the experimental site, and (3) the frequency content of the AE located in coal is lower than that of the AE located in rock.
    And, we could revealed the process of hydrofractures' formation from the change of AE events rate and AE hypocenters' distributions.
    Subsequently, analyzing the change of AE event rate and hypocenters' distributions, the process of hydrofractures' formation was discussed.
  • 水ジェット併用切削に関する研究 (第2報)
    西澤 泉, 大久保 誠介, 秋山 政雄, 西松 裕一
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 667-672
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Laboratory cutting experiments in Sanjome-andesite were carried out with the point attack bit assisted by high pressure water jet up to 100 MPa ahead of the bit. Reduction rate of cutting forces was determined with both water pressure and cutting speed varied.
    Cutting forces showed continuous increase with wear of bit, but reduction rate of forces by water jet was scarcely dependent on degree of bit wear. It was found from experimental results that reduction rate depends on water jet energy applied per unit length of cut. As far as energy reached 15 kJ/m, reduction rate increased with it up to about 12% in drag force and 32% in normal force, respectively. Beyond the value of 15 kJ/m, reduction rate no longer increased.
    It was also found that water jet is effective to prolong the bit life. The effect was different with different cutting speed: in the cutting speed of 0.25 m/s, the bit life became about 2.6 times with assistance of water jet;in 0.12 m/s, the effect of water jet assistance was much greater.
    The results obtained here were compared with those of the previous cutting experiments with water jet assistance from behind the bit. The effects of water jet on the cutting forces and the bit life were comparable whether a nozzle is installed ahead of or behind the bit, excepting the case with a severely worn bitfor which the latter seemed slightly more effective.
    It is supposed that the mechanism of cutting force reduction by virtue of water jet assistance may be mainly removal of crushed rock or erosion.
  • 藤田 豊久, 岩崎 巌
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 673-678
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    The removal of phosphorus in steelmaking slags is essential for recycling such slags to the blast furnaces for recovery of theirmanganese, iron and lime contents. Phosphorus is mainly concentrated in the dicalcium silicate phase of the slags. Slow-coolingof steelmaking slags in an air atmosphere increased the grain sizes of constituent minerals, however, satisfactory magnetic separation results could not be attained because of the close association of a strongly magnetic ferrite phase with dicalcium silicate. The nature, distribution and Curie point of the strongly magnetic ferrite phase in the slow-cooled steelmaking slags were investigated and an attempt was made to separate the phosphorus-bearing dicalcium silicate phase in ground slag pulps heated to a temperature exceeding the Curie point. The effect of some impurities on the lowering of the Curie point of the ferrite was also investigated
  • 佐藤 一祐, 小木 勝実, 木村 悦治
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 679-683
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    An advanced reduction process for producing zirconium sponge was proposed and verified in a pilot scale of 50kgs per batch. The process employs a combined reduction-distillation process and a new ZrCl4 feeding system. This process has the same advantages over the conventional process as the combined process for titanium production.
    One charactetistic feature of this new process is employing a fused salt bath as the ZrCl4 sublimer. Fused salt is an excellent media for heat transfer. The composition of the fused salt bath is NaCl-KCl-ZrCl4. This fused salt sublimer has two functions. One is to control the feeding rate of ZrCl4 vapor to the reduction furnace and the other is to purify ZrCl4. Therefore it becomes easier than the conventional process to control ZrCl4 feed rate, and it becomes possible to feed ZrCl4 to the reduction furnace in a rate much higher than theconventional process. Moreover, an excellent-quality of zirconium sponge was achieved owing to the purification effect of ZrCl4 by fused salt bath. Oxygen content of the sponge is reduced remarkably, and other impurity levels in the sponge is sufficiently low.
  • 鉄還元揮発法による亜鉛製錬の基礎研究 (第4報)
    伊藤 聰, 阿座上 竹四
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 685-692
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Phase relations of solid ZnO-SiO2, ZnO-SiO2-CaO, ZnO-SiO2-Al2O3 and ZnO-SiO2-MgO systems at 1073K have been determined by the X-ray diffraction and X-ray microanalysis studies of quenched samples. And the e.m.f. measurements using the stabilized zirconia solid electrolytes have been carried out to determine the activities of zinc oxide in solid ZnO-SiO2 and ZnO-SiO2-CaO systems, the activities of zinc in liquid Au-Zn alloys and the standard free energy of formation of Cu20 and ZnO. The results are summarized as follows:(1) In ZnO-SiO2 system, the activities of zinc oxide were represented by a single value of azno=1.0 over the range Nzno=0.67-1.0, while at Nsio=0.33-1.0 they showed also a single value but of around 0.2 at 973 and 1073 K. The standard free energy change of formation of Zn2SiO4 from ZnO and SiO2 was determined as follows:
    ΔG°r/J·mol-1 (Zn2SiO4)=-46590+16.79T/K (973-1073K).
    (2) In ZnO-SiO2-CaO system, the activities of zinc oxide showed a single value of azno=1.0 in the compositions near the pure ZnO at 973-1073K. In ZnO-SiO2-Al2O3 and ZnO-SiO2-MgO systems, solid solubilities of SiO2, Al2O3, MgO in ZnO phase were negligible small and it was considered that the activities of zinc oxide showed a single value of aznO=1.0 in the compositions near the pure ZnO.
    (3) In liquid Au-Zn alloys, the activities of zinc showed considerable negative deviation from Raoult's law at 1023, 1073K and agreed well with published data.
    (4) The standard free energy of formation of Cu20 and ZnO were determined as follows:ΔG°Cu 2O/J·mol-1=-166690+71.03T/K±100 (871-1317K)
    ΔG°znO/J·mol-1=-355940+108.53T/K±190 (823-1073K).
  • 梅津 良昭, 蘇 慶泉, 戸沢 一光
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 693-699
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
    Density and viscosity coefficients were determined for acidic copper sulfate solutions and those containing one of the sulfates such as NiSO4, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)4, and As 2O3 over a temperature range of 20 to 70°C. These four compounds were taken as typical impurities affecting the physical properties of the electrolyte solutions forelectrolytic refining and winning of copper. The concentration of the sulfates investigated in this work ranges asfollows: H2SO4, 0-225g/l; Cu, 0-70g/l; Ni, 0-30g/l; Fe (II), 0-15g/l; Fe (III), 0-15g/l; As, 0-10g/l.
    Empirical equations were developed to describe the variation of density and viscosity coefficient with the solution composition and temperature. The following expression fits all the observed values of density with a sufficiently small standard deviation of 0.0007g/cm3.
    ρ(9/cm3) =1.0087-(4.1×10-4+1.0×10-4 [H2SO4] +1.4×10-4 [M]) t+ (6.26×10-2-5.7×10-3 [M])[H2SO4] +0.1570 [M][M](mol/l) =[Cu] +0.98 [Ni] +0.93 [Fe (II)] +1.15 [Fe (III)] +0.5 [As (III)]
    where [M] is a modified concentration of the sulfates and calculated from the analytical value (mol/l) for each metal ion in the solution at 20°C and t is temperature in °C.
    Dependence of the viscosity coefficient on the solution composition is expressed by a quadratic function of the acid concentration and a modified concentration of the coexisting sulfates at each temperature. The variation of viscosity coefficient is presented by a 3-dimensional diagram covering the whole range of the concentrations of sulfuric acid and copper sulfate under consideration.
    The temperature dependence of viscosity coefficient is described by η(cP) =η cm3;0 exp (Ev/RT)
    where η0 (cP) and Ev (J/mol) are given as follows:η0=0.00209+0.0005 [H2SO4] + (0.00013-0.00051 [H2SO4])[Cu] Ev=14920+(1440+398 [H2SO4])[Cu]
  • 戸田 正作, 松田 勝彦
    1989 年 105 巻 9 号 p. 701-704
    発行日: 1989/08/25
    公開日: 2011/01/27
    ジャーナル フリー
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