In this experimental study we attempted to clarify the mechanisms of dissolution of Au in low temperature oxidized acid hydrothermal solutions. The results of experiments on the reactions of Au in the HC1 aqueous solutions at 150°C and 5 atm are as follows: Au was dissolved up to 1, 000-1, 500 ppm in the 1 mol/
l, 3 mol/
land 6 mol/
lof HCl aqueous solutions. There were observable changes in the concentration of Au in the three systems. Furthermore, in the 3 mol/
land 6 mol/
lHCl aqueous solution systems, the concentration of Au had decreased as low as several ppm to several 10 s ppm by the end of the experiment. On the other hand, in the 9 mol/
land 12 mol/
lHCl aqueous solution systems the concentration of Au showed only insignificant changes of several ppm. In all experimental systems, the dissolved state of Au at room temperature was Au
3+.
The above results are interpreted as follows:(1) The chloro-complexes of Au are stable with high solubility and transportability in aqeous solutions of low pH, high Cl
-concentration and high fo
2.(2) Solubility of Au in the HCl aqueous solutions remarkably increases with diffusive H2 gas formed by the reaction from the system. Terefore, in natural environments there is a possibility that the solubility of Au metal is controlled by the amounts of diffused H
2gas changeable depending on the geological environments such as the porosities of rocks.(3) In the current study it has been found that differences in crystallinity of the Au strongly influences its solubility. In natural settings as well, it is thought that difference in crystallinity of the Au metal determined by its origin have a remarkable influence on its solubility.
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