It is reported that dental cysts contain interleukin-1 (IL-1), which stimulates protaglandin secretion by fibrous capsule-derived fibroblasts. However, the mechanism of dental cyst expansion in alveolar bone remains unclear. The aim of this study was to simulate the autocrine effects of prostaglandin E
2 (PGE
2) on a growth factor for epithelial cells (hepatocyte growth factor, HGF), a bone resorbing cytokine (interleukin-6, IL-6), and PGE
2 production by human radicular cyst- and odontogenic keratocyst-derived fibroblast-like cells (RC cells and KC cells) in vitro. The confluent RC cells and KC cells and KC cells were exposed to 0.1 μmol/l of PGE
2 in serum-free DMEM for 0, 1, 3, 6, or 24 hours. The medium was harvested after 1, 3, 6, or 24 hours of each stimulation period. ELISA kits were employed to determine the amount of HGF, IL-6 and PGE
2 in the supernatant, respectively. PGE
2 significantly stimulated IL-6 production by RC cells and KC cells, and the effective stimulation time was 1 to 3 hours. PGE
2 stimulation also induced HGF production; however, the most effective stimulation time was 24 hours. Furthermore, PGE
2 stimulated PGE
2 production itself in the RC cells and KC cells, and every stimulation period was effective. These results show that PGE
2 stimulates HGF, IL-6 and PGE
2 production by RD cells and KC cells, suggesting that autocrine PGE
2 may induce radicular cyst and odontogenic keratocyst expansion once PGE
2 is produced in the cyst fibrous capsule.
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