Aim : This study characterized intra- and inter-individual variability in nocturnal sleep patterns in older adults with Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a non-invasive bed sensor system and compared them with cognitively normal (CN) older adults.
Methods : Sleep was continuously monitored for about 30 days in 9 AD and 10 CN participants using the Nemuri SCAN system. Nocturnal total sleep time (N-TST) was classified as short (<360 min), standard (360-600 min), or long (≥600 min).
Results : The AD group exhibited three distinct N-TST patterns : mostly standard sleep, predominantly long sleep, and highly variable durations. Only one-third of AD participants had ≥75％ standard sleep days compared with 80％ of CN participants, while over half of AD participants had frequent long sleep days.
Conclusion : These findings indicate substantial individual variability and a tendency toward long sleep in AD, emphasizing the importance of personalized sleep assessment and management in this population.

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Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) commonly occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis and may be caused by hypercoagulable states, such as malignancy, infection, or thrombophilia. Without appropriate treatment, PVT may develop into life-threatening conditions, such as liver failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, mesenteric vein thrombosis, and intestinal necrosis. We herein report a case of PVT after cesarean section in a woman with no underlying medical conditions.
The patient was a 35-year-old multiparous woman with no previous medical complications. She underwent elective cesarean section at 38 weeks' gestation for indications of pregnancy after a previous cesarean section. When she walked on the first postoperative day, her oxygen saturation decreased to 89％ ; therefore, pulmonary thromboembolism was suspected. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed and showed no pulmonary embolism, but revealed a thrombus of the portal vein in hepatic segment 8. PVT was diagnosed and anticoagulant therapy was immediately initiated. Liver enzymes remained normal at diagnosis, increased transiently on postoperative day 6, and subsequently normalized. She underwent routine abdominal ultrasound, and the portal vein thrombus disappeared 9 weeks after cesarean section. A blood examination was conducted to clarify why the patient developed PVT ; however, she had no predisposition to thrombosis.
Since the thrombus was detected early and treatment was promptly initiated, the patient did not develop severe complications. Pregnancy and cesarean section were considered potential triggers for PVT. This case highlights the need to recognize PVT as a possible manifestation of venous thromboembolism in peripartum management.

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