植物環境工学
Online ISSN : 1880-3563
Print ISSN : 1880-2028
ISSN-L : 1880-2028
17 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1~7を表示しています
論文
  • 柳橋 秀幸, 松岡 大輔, 平間 淳司, 宮本 紀男, 西堀 耕三, 大平 安夫
    2005 年 17 巻 4 号 p. 175-181
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/12/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    本論文では, 茸の至適生育環境条件を工学の視点から科学的に解明することを目的に, 光の波長がエリンギの生体電位および形態形成に与える影響について調べた.
    その結果, エリンギの生体電位反応は青色域の波長の光で大となり, 逆に赤色域の波長の光では小となる傾向を得た. この生体電位応答特性を踏まえて, 各種光源における形態形成を比較したところ, 生体電位反応が大となった青色光下では菌傘の生長が促進され菌柄の伸長が抑制されるといった, 元来自生している場合の形態形成を得た. これより, 生体電位を指標とすることで, 茸に適した環境条件を解明することができると結論した.
  • 横井 真悟, 古在 豊樹, 長谷川 智行, 全 昶厚, 久保田 智恵利
    2005 年 17 巻 4 号 p. 182-191
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/12/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    The closed transplant production system is defined as a transplant production system covered with opaque and insulated walls, where the energy and mass transfer between inside and outside the system is controlled and/or restricted, and using artificial lights. CO2 utilization efficiency of a closed transplant production system, CUE, was defined as the ratio of the amount of CO2 fixed by plants to that supplied into the system. Water utilization efficiency of the system, WUE, was defined in the same way as CUE. Tomato seeds were sown on plug trays and grown for 20 days in the system. CUE and WUE increased with increasing leaf area index (LAI) and decreasing the number of air exchanges. Maximum CUE (0.93) and WUE (0.95) during the present study were obtained at maximal LAI of 1.2 and minimal number of air exchanges of 0.02 h-1. Results suggest that a high LAI and a low number of air exchanges provide high CUE and WUE values.
  • 趙 習コウ, 李 進才, 松井 鋳一郎, 前澤 重禮
    2005 年 17 巻 4 号 p. 192-198
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/12/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    UV-A照射がソフロレリアカトレアおよびシンビジウムの抗酸化機能の応答性に及ぼす影響を検討するため, 照度の異なるUV-A処理を150日間行った. 葉の抗酸化物質含量, 抗酸化酵素活性, クロロフィル含量および生長の結果から, 両植物種のUV-A 照射に対する抗酸化機能の応答性が明らかとなり, 強UV-A照射の光ストレスに対し, ソフロレリアカトレアはSODが, シンビジウムはSODに加え, フラボノイドも積極的に応答することが示された. また, UV-A照射は両植物種のカロテノイドとクロロフィル形成および生長に有効であり, 無UVの光環境は光ストレスとなることも示された.
  • 霧村 雅昭, 位田 晴久
    2005 年 17 巻 4 号 p. 199-204
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/12/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    To establish an environment-friendly hydroponics system, the ion concentration control method for nutrient solution was developed.This demonstrated to be superior to the EC control method in respect to reduction of effluent and increase of yield. In this study, the technique for keeping a suitable pH value without using acid and/or alkali was examined; plants were cultivated under three concentrations of NH4-N. When the set point concentration of NH4-N was high, the pH value of nutrient solution fell rapidly after compensation of the component. However, when the set point of concentration of NH4-N was 5-8 mg l-1, the pH was rather stable. The pH value becomes stable when the ratio of NO3-N to NH4-N of nitrogen source is around 30 (total N: 120∼240 mg l-1). From the result of the comparative experiment on nutrient solution control methods on cucumber, it was suggested that new ideas on NH4-N supply should take into consideration of the ion concentration control method and that it includes not only set points of NH4-N concentration value but also the ratio of NH4-N to NO3 -N in the ion concentration.
  • 川村 淳浩, 秋澤 淳, 柏木 孝夫
    2005 年 17 巻 4 号 p. 205-212
    発行日: 2005年
    公開日: 2006/12/01
    ジャーナル フリー
    This study evaluated three types of combustion type CO2 fertilization systems: The thermal storage type (excess heat energy is stored and used for heating), the heat waste type (excess heat is discharged outdoors), and the diffusion type (excess heat is discharged indoors). We analyzed the validity, energy-conserving, environmental load-reducing, and cost-reducing characteristics of these types, and reached the following conclusions.
    1)The excess heat generated by combustion type CO2 fertilization accounted for several percentages of the daily cumulative solar irradiation during the intermediate period under the standard condition in this study (amount of CO2 fertilization,48 g (CO2) m-2d-1). The thermal storage type is expected to prevent the aggravation of the thermal/humidity environment in the greenhouse and decrease the efficiency of supplied CO2.
    2)Using the thermal storage type,a maximal energy conservation of 8% and a reduction in CO2 discharge can be expected in large greenhouses (annual energy consumption in the entire greenhouse, about 3 GWh) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8).
    3)The unit cost of CO2 fertilization using this thermal storage type was about 25 yen kg-1 (during depreciation) and about 12 yen kg-1 (after depreciation) under the standard conditions of this study (summer/intermediate period ratio, 0.33; price of unit quantity of heat, 5.5 yen kWh-1; thermal storage/discharge efficiency, 0.8). To reduce the unit cost of CO2fertilization, improvement in thermal storage/discharge efficiency, a decrease in fuel cost, and an increase in the number of days in operation during the intermediate period are necessary.
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