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Volume 31 (1990)
- Issue 6 Pages 457-
- Issue 5 Pages 351-
- Issue 4 Pages 297-
- Issue 3 Pages 209-
- Issue 2 Pages 137-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 31, Issue 3
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Katsutoshi MISE1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 209-221
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Manabu ASAKAWA, Tamao NOGUCHI, Kanehisa HASHIMOTO1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 222-226
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAttempts were made to isolate the causative substance of poisoning due to ingestion of carp, Cyprinus carpio. Patients develop complex symptoms including acute renal failure, liver dysfunction, paralysis and convulsions of limbs, etc. The bile from carp was extracted with 80% methanol under reflux. The extract was defatted with chloroform, ultrafiltered, and subjected to an Amberlite XAD-2 treatment. The unbound fraction was subjected to silica gel 60 and SEP-PAK C18 cartridge chromatographies. The obtained toxin was further purified by high performance liquid chromatography on a D-ODS-5 column. The purified toxin was homogeneous in thin-layer chromatography, and showed a minimum lethal dose of 2.6mg/20g mouse. The molecular weight of this toxin was determined to be 532 by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. Based on the results of TLC and IR spectrometry, this toxin was supposed to be a steroid-related substance, having a sulfate ester group in the molecule.View full abstractDownload PDF (821K) -
Keizo UMEGAKI, Tomio ICHIKAWA1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 227-232
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of food restriction on metabolism and accumulation of pentachlorobenzene (PECB), and on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were investigated in rats.
After oral administration of PECB (15mg) rats were fed on restricted diets (0%, 25% or 50% of ad libitum amount) for 8 days. Fat tissue weight was significantly decreased by restricted feeding. The concentrations of PECB and pentachlorophenol, a major metabolite of PECB, in blood of the restricted feeding groups were higher at day 2 and day 4 than those of the ad libitum group. At the end of the experiment, the contents of PECB in blood, liver, kidney, brain and fat tissue of the restricted feeding groups were significantly lower than those of the ad libitum group. The increase of PECB metabolism in the restricted feeding groups could not be explained only by changes of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities. These results suggested that the restricted feeding decreased the weight of fat tissue, the major accumulation site of PECB, so the PECB concentration available to hepatic drugmetabolizing enzymes increased and the amount of PECB metabolite formed was increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (1114K) -
Studies on Anti-Allergic Activity in Tea. IIYumie MAEDA, Masatoshi YAMAMOTO, Toshio MASUI, Kiyoshi SUGIYAMA, Masam ...1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 233-237
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hyaluronidase inhibitory effects of teas differing in degree of fermentation were investigated. All of the tea extracts tested showed significant inhibitory effects on hyaluronidase. We have previously reported that these extracts inhibited histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by antigen as well as by compound 48/80.
In the present study, it was found that these inhibitory effects appeared to be well Correlated. It SeemS that tea extracts may possess anti-allergic activity.
Futhermore, the results suggested that phenolic compounds such as tannins in the extracts were responsible for the inhibitory effect on hyaluronidase. However, considering that the extracts showed almost the same activity independently of the degree of fermentation of the teas, and some activity still existed after the removal of phenolic compounds, it was thought that other active components in addition to tannins were present.View full abstractDownload PDF (901K) -
Studies on the Route of Chlordane Contamination to Humans. IIYoshimasa KONISHI, Tsumoru YAKUSHIJI, Shuzo TAGUCHI, Takahiro NISHIMUN ...1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 238-243
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDietary intakes of chlordane (CHL) were investigated in order to clarify the degree of contribution of the routes of human exposure. Seventy-five daily diet samples from 25 housewives living in the Kinki area and 25 samples from 25 housewives living in Ebetsu City, Hokkaido, were analyzed for CHL complex (6 compounds) and 4 other organochlorine compounds. Mean intake of CHL in the Kinki area, approximately 2μg/day, was higher than those of DDT, DDE and HCB. Intakes of all of the CHL complex in the Kinki area were significantly higher than those in Ebetsu, though other organochlorines were in the same ranges. Close and statistically significant relationships between dietary intakes of chemicals and fishes were observed for all of the pollutants analyzed in non-CHL-treated homes, confirming the results reported by others. In the CHL-treated homes, however, intake of CHL complex were not related to the amount of fish intake even though intakes of DDT, DDE and HCB were, again, related to that of fishes. The significance of the differences of chemical intakes between CHL-treated and non-treated homes was examined by using student's t test. No significant change was observed for DDT, DDE, HCB or HCE between these 2 groups. Intakes of CHL complex for treated homes were, however, remarkably higher than those of non-treated homes. Moreover, the chromatographic patterns of CHL complex in the diet from treated homes were very specific, indicating that relatively volatile components in technical CHL might be absorbed by certain foodstuffs. These results show that human exposure to CHL in nontreated homes depends mainly on the intakes of fishes, similar to the exposure to PCB and DDT. On the other hand, in a CHL-treated homes, participation of some other route, which could be a major source of human exposure, was indicated.View full abstractDownload PDF (1176K) -
Paper No. 10 of the series “The Effect of Tar Dyes on RNA Synthesis”Makoto YOSHIMOTO, Ryoji SHICHITA, Masayuki SHIOYAMA, Shoji HATANO1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 244-250
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAmaranth (FD & Red C No. 2) and Ponceau 3R stimulate in vitro RNA synthesis by causing the dissociation of chromatin in isolated rat-liver nuclei. To elucidate the mechanism of chromatin dissociation, the effect of amaranth on chromosomal proteins was examined using heterochromatin prepared from isolated rat-liver nuclei. The dissociation of amaranth-or Ponceau 3R-treated heterochromatin was confirmed by both solubility measurement and electron microscopy. Amaranth released nonspecific non-histone proteins and increase in its concentration resulted in the release of non-histone proteins with molecular weights of 17.5, 25, and 31 kilodaltons in addition to the nonspecific non-histone proteins. These non-histone proteins were presumed to be high mobility group (HMG) proteins from their behavior on SDS-electrophoresis. On the other hand, no release of histone was observed in these experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (3118K) -
Effects on Reproduction and Skeletal TeratogenicityYukio NAITO, Kaoru ISHIZAKI, Hajimu YAMAMOTO, Harumi OKUYAMA1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 251-254
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of perilla oil and safflower oil on embryonic and fetal development were examined in ICR mice. Female mice were fed either a perilla oil diet or a safflower oil diet from 4 weeks of age to 10 weeks of age and were mated with male mice fed a control diet at 10 weeks of age.
The results can be summarized as follows.
1) No significant differences from the control were found in the body weight gains of female mice fed either the perilla oil diet or a safflower oil diet from 4 to 10 weeks of age.
2) There was no significant difference in the delivery intervals, durations of pregnancy, still birth rates, litter sizes or body weights of newborns of the two dietary groups.
3) No retardation of ossification and no external and skeletal malformations were observed in the perilla oil diet group.
Based on these results together with those obtained with rats, we conclude that perilla oil is a safe and useful vegetable oil.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K) -
Mitsuru SHIMIZU, Akihiko NAKAMA, Tsutomu NODA, Tetsuo YAMANO, Tadao FU ...1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 255-260
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe acute oral toxicity of seven smoke flavorings used as natural food additives was examined in rats. No death occurred during the 14-day period of observation after treatment with these preparations at a single dose of 5.0g/kg. Two preparations caused marked swelling and hemorrhage of the glandular stomach and small intestine at 24 hr after administration. Moreover, these two preparations increased the relative organ weights of the stomach and liver, and decreased serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration in a dose-dependent manner, but did not change serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity. Although these two flavorings both contained total acids corresponding to about 10% acetic acid, gastric irritation by these flavorings was stronger than that by 10% acetic acid. Gastric irritation by the other preparation containing total acids corresponding to about 5% acetic acid was similar to that by 5% acetic acid. These results indicate that gastric irritation caused by the smoke flavorings containing high concentrations of total acids is largely due to acetic acid, and partly due to unknown compounds.View full abstractDownload PDF (1191K) -
The Efficacy of Food Additives. Part 2Yukari HASEGAWA, Yumiko NAKAMURA, Yasuhide TONOGAI, Tatsuyuki OSHIMA, ...1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 261-265
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe antimicrobial and preservative effects of sodium chlorite on fish and vegetable were compared with those of sodium hypochlorite. Raw whole sardine, sliced mackerel or shredded cabbage were soaked in solutions of sodium chlorite or sodium hypochlorite at 5°C for 1 hour, and then stored for 1 or 2 weeks at 5°C. Then bacterial counts for all samples and K values of fish were determined. Browning of cabbage was observed continuously.
The antimicrobial effect of sodium chlorite was as strong as that of sodium hypochlorite for fish. The two compounds were not effective to keep fish fresh (checked by K value), but sodium chlorite suppressed the growth of bacteria on vegetable better than sodium hypochlorite did, and it also protected cabbage from browning very effectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (806K) -
Hygiene-Chemical Research on Polyacrylonitrile (PAN). IHiroshi IIDA, Koichi UCHIDA, Toshio IMAI, Hideo KUSHIDA, Kazuhiko NAGI ...1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 266-270
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order examine how much AN is eluted from containers having different residual AN (RAN) concentrations in the material thereof into foods containing alcohol, and in order to examine the influences of different container volumes on the elution, AN eluted from two kinds of PAN-containers (2, 400ml and 1, 000ml) was investigated at 40°C for 10 to 90 days, using 8% alcohol. The eluted AN was analyzed with a gas chromatograph having a nitrogen and phosphorus detector. The results of the analysis showed that the AN eluted from the PAN-container of 2, 400ml having a RAN concentration of 1.5μg/g in the material was below the lower limit of detection under the severe storage conditions of 40°C and 90 days. The AN eluted from the PAN-container of 1, 000ml having a RAN concentration of 0.3μg/g in the material was also below the lower limit of detection under same storage conditions. The lower limit of detection of eluted AN was 0.005μg/ml.View full abstractDownload PDF (879K) -
Tsuyako TATENO, Yoko NAGUMO, Senji SUENAGA1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 271-276
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Yoko KAWAMURA, Sadao UCHIYAMA, Yukio SAITO1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 277-279
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
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Katsuhiko IKEBE, Takahiro NISHIMUNE, Ryoichi TANAKA1990 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 280-284
Published: June 05, 1990
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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