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Volume 46 (2005)
- Issue 6 Pages 235-
- Issue 5 Pages 177-
- Issue 4 Pages 133-
- Issue 3 Pages 63-
- Issue 2 Pages 33-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 46, Issue 3
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Originals
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Sumiko TSUJI, Maki NAKANO, Hisaya TERADA, Yukio TAMURA, Yasuhide TONOG ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 63-71
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIdentification and determination of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), propyl gallate (PG) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) by means of LC/MS and GC/MS were examined. These five phenolic antioxidants were detected as their pseudo-molecular ions [M-H]- by LC/MS using a Shim-pack FC-ODS column with drying gas. Moreover, BHA, BHT and TBHQ were detected based on their mass fragment ions by GC/MS. Decomposition of TBHQ, NDGA and PG during analysis could be prevented by the addition of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) to the extraction solvent. All five antioxidants were extracted from nikuman, olive oils, peanut butter, pasta sauce and chewing gum with a mixture of acetonitrile-2-propanol-ethanol (2 : 1 : 1) containing 0.1% AsA (AsA mixture), which had been cooled in a freezer and filtered. One part filtrate and 5 parts water were mixed and placed on a Mega-Bond Elut® C18 cartridge, except in the case of chewing gum. Lipids in foods were removed on a C18 cartridge by washing with 5 mL of 5% acetic acid, and antioxidants were eluted with 5 mL of AsA mixture. The antioxidants spiked into nikuman, olive oil, peanut butter, pasta sauce and chewing gum were successfully identified and their concentrations determined by LC/MS, and GC/MS with good recoveries.View full abstractDownload PDF (872K) -
Masamichi KOYAMA, Kazuo YOSHIDA, Nobutake UCHIBORI, Ichirou WADA, Kazu ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 72-78
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and rapid method for the simultaneous determination of nine kinds of sweeteners (acesulfame potassium, AK; sucralose, SUC; saccharin, SA; cyclamate, CYC; aspartame, APM; dulcin, DU; glycyrrhizic acid, GA; stevioside, STV; rebaudioside A, REB) in various foods by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS) was developed. The LC separation was performed on a ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (2.1 mm×150 mm) with a mobile phase of 5 mmol/L dibutylammonium acetate (DBAA) and acetonitrile-water (8 : 2). Mass spectral acquisition was done in the negative ion mode by applying selected ion monitoring (SIM). The sweeteners were extracted from foods with 0.08 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-ethanol (1 : 1), and the extract was cleaned up on a Sep-pak Vac C18 cartridge after the addition of tetrabutylammonium bromide and phosphate buffer (pH 3.0). The recovery of the nine kinds of sweeteners from five kinds of foods fortified at the level 0.01 g/kg, 0.05 g/kg and 0.20 g/kg was 75.7-109.2%, and the between-day SD values were 0.5-10.9%. The quantification limits of AK, SA, CYC, APM and STV were 0.001 g/kg, and those of SUC, DU, GA and REB were 0.005 g/kg. A recovery test from each cleaned-up sample solution was necessary to detect ionization suppression.View full abstractDownload PDF (669K) -
Kimio MONMA, Rie ARAKI, Naoki SAGI, Masaki SATOH, Hisatsugu ICHIKAWA, ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 79-85
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInvestigations of the validity of labeling regarding genetically modified (GM) products were conducted using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for foreign-made processed foods made from corn and potato purchased in the Tokyo area and in the USA. Several kinds of GM crops were detected in 12 of 32 samples of processed corn samples. More than two GM events for which safety reviews have been completed in Japan were simultaneously detected in 10 samples. GM events MON810 and Bt11 were most frequently detected in the samples by qualitative PCR methods. MON810 was detected in 11 of the 12 samples, and Bt11 was detected in 6 of the 12 samples. In addition, Roundup Ready soy was detected in one of the 12 samples. On the other hand, CBH351, for which the safety assessment was withdrawn in Japan, was not detected in any of the 12 samples. A trial quantitative analysis was performed on six of the GM maize qualitatively positive samples. The estimated amounts of GM maize in these samples ranged from 0.2 to 2.8%, except for one sample, which contained 24.1%. For this sample, the total amount found by event-specific quantitative analysis was 23.8%. Additionally, Roundup Ready soy was detected in one sample of 21 potato-processed foods, although GM potatoes were not detected in any sample.View full abstractDownload PDF (308K) -
Akihiko HIRAI, Seiji KANEKO, Akiko NAKAMA, Naoto ISHIZAKI, Megumi ODAG ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 86-92
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 244 milk samples collected from supermarkets in Tokyo were examined for contamination with Coxiella burnetii. C. burnetii DNA was detected in 131 (53.7%) of the samples by nested PCR. PCR-positive samples were injected into immunosuppressed A/J strain mice. Of the 22 PCR-positive milk samples tested, none resulted in isolation of C. burnetii from the mice. Heat-treatment was sufficient to inactivate C. burnetii in commercial milk. In addition, a PCR detection method for C. burnetii in chicken egg was developed. Egg yolk was added to an equal volume of 1 mol/L of NaCl phosphate buffer and homogenized for removal of protein and lipid. After centrifugal separation, the supernatant was removed, and template DNA in the precipitate was extracted using SDS, proteinase K and NaI. Using such prepared samples, 3.2×101 C. burnetii particles in 1 g of egg yolk could be detected by nested PCR. All of 200 chicken egg samples collected from supermarkets in Tokyo were negative for C. burnetii by the nested PCR method.View full abstractDownload PDF (838K) -
Fusako ISHIKAWA, Mitsuo OISHI, Tetsuya SHINDO, Masao HORIE, Akiko YASU ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 93-98
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHajikami (ginger pickled in vinegar) is often used as a relish for grilled fish, and it often contains coloring agents. We detected Rose Bengal (R105) and two unknown dyes in some Hajikami by thin layer chromatography.
In this study, we tried to characterize these unknown dyes by HPLC with photodiode array detection (PDA-HPLC), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
PDA-HPLC analysis showed that the spectra of the unknown dyes resembled that of R105, suggesting the molecular structures of these two dyes are similar to that of R105. Furthermore, LC/MS analysis suggested that the these dyes are R105 in which one or two iodines are replaced by hydrogen. Finally, the two dyes were determined by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR to be 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',7'-diiodo spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]-3-one disodium salt and 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-3',6'-dihydroxy-2',7'-diiodo spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'[9H]xanthen]-3-one disodium salt.View full abstractDownload PDF (1006K) -
Kazuhiko AKUTSU, Katsuyoshi KUWABARA, Yoshimasa KONISHI, Hisashi MATSU ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 99-108
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA GC/MS method for congener-specific analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in food samples was evaluated. There was good agreement between total concentration of PCBs in fish samples (n=16) measured by using the GC/MS method and the conventional GC-ECD method. The total diet study samples (fishery food, meat, egg, milk, and their products) collected from Osaka in 1982-2001 were analyzed by using the GC/MS method to estimate the temporal trend of daily intake of PCBs from food. The estimated daily intake of total PCBs (sum of tri- to heptaCBs) was in the range of 0.7-4.4 μg/person/day, far below the Japanese provisional acceptable daily intake (250 μg/50 kg-person/day). The dominant congener was 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (#153), which accounted for 9-15% of total PCB. The ratio of lower chlorinated congeners decreased from the 1980's to post-2000. The results indicate that the PCB congener profile in foods has gradually changed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1060K) -
Yuka OHKADO, Yoko KAWAMURA, Motoh MUTSUGA, Hiro-omi TAMURA, Kenichi TA ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 109-115
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMetals in recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were analyzed by ICP-MS following microwave digestion with nitric acid. Physically and superclean-like recycled PET contained both Ge and Sb, and sometimes contained Co, P or Si. In contrast, the chemically recycled PET contained only Ge or Sb, and some samples contained Co. The recycled PETs did not contain Pb or Cd. Ge and Sb were catalysts of the polymerization, and the other metals also originated from the PET resin as additives. It was concluded that there is no safety concern about metals in recycled PET. It became clear that the presence of both Ge and Sb could identify products formed using physically or superclean-like recycled PET. According to this discrimination method, about half of the sheet molding products used recycled PET.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K)
Notes
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Sumiko TSUJI, Maki NAKANO, Mizuki FURUKAWA, Kimihiko YOSHII, Yasuhide ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 116-120
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCFR and JECFA specify that the total color in FD&C Blue No. 2 (B2; Indigo Carmine, Indigotine, Food Blue No. 2) is not less than 85%, its isomer (B2iso) in B2 is not more than 18%, and its subsidiary color (B2sub) in B2 is not more than 2% (CFR) or 1% (JECFA). Japan's Specifications and Standards for Food Additives, 7th Edition, specifies that the total color in B2 is not less than 85.0% and other color materials in B2 are not detected by paper chromatography. LC/MS and HPLC were employed to identify and determine the main component (B2m) of B2, B2iso, and B2sub. The pseudo molecular ions (B2m and B2iso: [M-2Na+H]-, m/z=421; B2sub: [M-Na]-, m/z=341) of each color material were obtained and identified by LC/MS based on their absorptions and mass spectra. The contents of B2iso and B2sub in B2 samples (certified samples from fiscal year 1998 to fiscal year 2002) were determined by HPLC using calibration curves for the standards of B2m and B2iso. The contents of B2iso in most samples were less than 10%, and the contents of B2sub in all samples were not more than 1%. All of them were within the regulatory limits set by the CFR and JECFA.View full abstractDownload PDF (734K) -
Tadashi SAKAI, Satoshi KAWAHARA2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 121-123
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMalonaldehyde (MA) content in plain bread, French bread, and croissants was analyzed. MA was detected in all the analyzed samples. The MA and lipid contents in croissants were higher than those in other breads. Changes in MA content in plain bread, French bread, and croissants stored at 4°C were examined after 0, 2, and 4 days of storage. The MA content in all the bread samples increased during the storage period. The highest increase of MA content was observed in French bread.View full abstractDownload PDF (144K) -
Yumiko YAMAKI, Shozo HORII, Tsuneo HASHIMOTO, Takeo SASAMOTO, Fusao US ...2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 124-126
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the official method for determination of total bromine in fruit and grain foods, bromine is derivatized with 3-pentanone for GC analysis. Co-existing substances sometimes interfere with measurement of the derivative, though the method is highly selective. In this study, the notification method was modified to reduce impurity peaks by applying 3-hexanone. Samples were alkalized and reduced to ash in an electric furnace. After ashing, samples were oxidized with potassium permanganate solution and derivatized with 3-hexanone. The calibration curve was linear from 0.1 μg/mL up to 5.0 μg/mL. The detection limit (S/N=10) was 0.1 μg/mL, i.e., 5 μg/g for herb, 2.5 μg/g for grains and 1.0 μg/g for fruits. The recoveries of bromine from fruit, grain foods and herbs added at the levels of 5 to 25 μg/g ranged from 84.2 to 96.9%. The values of relative standard deviation (RSD) were from 1.4 to 6.3%. This method should be useful for routine examination of total bromine in foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (117K)
Report
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Kimiko KAN, Hirofumi USHIYAMA, Tetsuya SHINDO, Kazuo SAITO2005 Volume 46 Issue 3 Pages 127-132
Published: June 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: January 21, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFood poisoning involving histamine has occurred almost every year for 20 years in Tokyo, and is usually due to ingestion of fish with lean meat, such as sardine, mackerel, horse mackerel and so on.
Therefore, we were investigated the levels of histamine and 4 non-volatile amines (tyramine, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine) in 637 samples on the market. The water activity of samples in which histamine was detected at 5 mg/100 g and over was examined.
Histamine, tyramine, putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine were detected in 66, 43, 26, 64 and 5 samples, and the detection ranges were 5-340, 5-51, 5-42, 5-180 and 5-8 mg/100 g, respectively. Most of the samples in which histamine was detected were semi-dried round and split sardine.
Water activity of 24 samples of semi-dried round and split sardine in which histamine was detected was in the range of 0.68-0.96.View full abstractDownload PDF (484K)
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