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Volume 50 (2009)
- Issue 6 Pages 279-
- Issue 5 Pages 191-
- Issue 4 Pages 153-
- Issue 3 Pages 109-
- Issue 2 Pages 47-
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Volume 50, Issue 5
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Review
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Akemi YASUI2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 191-197
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (795K)
Originals
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Yoko KITAGAWA, Masahiro OKIHASHI, Satoshi TAKATORI, You OKAMOTO, Naoki ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 198-207
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rapid and simple multiresidue method has been established for determination of pesticide residues in processed foods by GC/MS. The pesticides were extracted with ethyl acetate in the presence of anhydrous MgSO4 in a disposable tube, using a homogenizer. The extract was concentrated and reconstituted in hexane, followed by acetonitrile-hexane partition to remove lipids. The acetonitrile layer was cleaned up with a double-layered SPE cartridge column (graphite carbon black/PSA silica gel). After removal of the solvent, the residue was dissolved in acetone. The test solution was subjected to GC/MS in the EI mode. Recovery tests of 222 pesticides from five kinds of processed foods (dumpling, curry, French fries, fried chicken, fried fish) were performed at two different fortification levels of 0.02 and 0.1 μg/g, and 100 pesticides showed acceptable recovery (70-120%) with low relative standard deviation (≤20%) at both concentrations. A survey of pesticide residues in 75 commercial processed foods was carried out. Chlorpropham was detected at 0.04 ppm in a sample of French fries.View full abstractDownload PDF (519K) -
Takahiro WATANABE, Rieko MATSUDA2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 208-215
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe primary data obtained from real-time PCR is the fluorescence intensity. We developed new software, GiMlet, to analyze the fluorescence data more effectively.
To examine factors affecting the variance of the Ct values calculated from the fluorescence data, we conducted measurements of the same test solutions containing defined numbers of copies of the targeted DNA sequence using three kinds of real-time PCR equipment, namely, ABI PRISM 7500, 7700 and 7900HT, under consistent conditions, and analyzed the obtained fluorescence data using GiMlet. We also introduced a new baseline correction algorithm in GiMlet and examined the effect of this correction on the measurement results. The results revealed that the variances of the measured values and the PCR efficiency differed among the three kinds of real-time PCR equipment used and also according to the well-position of the PCR plate. The fluorescence data could be analyzed more precisely using the new algorithm.View full abstractDownload PDF (1335K) -
Emiko YOSHIDA, Takahiro SHIBUYA, Chieko KUROKAWA, Yutaka INOUE, Yoshih ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 216-222
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is considered to be difficult to detect tetracycline antibiotics in all-at-once simultaneous analysis with other drugs by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, because tetracycline antibiotics chelate with bivalent metal ions such as calcium in samples. Therefore, we studied simultaneous determination of tetracycline antibiotics after removal of calcium with disodium ethylenediaminotetraacetate (EDTA-2Na).
Tetracycline antibiotics could be assayed in all-at-once analysis by adding EDTA-2Na during the extraction procedure. It was possible to determine 65 veterinary drugs in milk, 70 in yogurt, 59 in whipped cream, 67 in cheese and 60 in ice cream. Recovery ranged from 70 to 120%, with a coefficient of variation of less than 25% and with a quantification limit of 0.01 μg/g (S/N≥10).View full abstractDownload PDF (874K) -
Keiko IWAKOSHI, Ichiro TAKANO, Maki KOBAYASHI, Kenji OHTSUKA, Yasuhiro ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 223-229
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCardboard boxes used to transport crops are often reused in the distribution process, and therefore transfer of pesticides between crops might occur.
So, we designed model experiments to investigate whether or not transfer of pesticide residues from crops to other crops via cardboard boxes occurs. Under severe experimental conditions, 6.2% of the pesticide residues of grapefruit was found to be transferred to spinach via cardboard boxes. In the case of the mandarin orange, 0.57% was transferred. The actual amount of transferred pesticides in the market may be less than that in these model experiments, but it is clear that transfer of pesticide residues to other crops via cardboard boxes can occur. Therefore more attention must be given to reuse of cardbord boxes in the distribution process.View full abstractDownload PDF (762K) -
Hiroyuki OHNO, Masako SUZUKI, Motoh MUTSUGA, Yoko KAWAMURA2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 230-236
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConsumption of potassium permanganate and total organic carbon (TOC) were investigated as indices of total organic matter migrated into water from plastic kitchen utensils, food packages and toys for children. The samples were soaked in water at 60 or 95°C for 30 min for kitchen utensils and food packages, and at 40°C for 30 min for toys and the eluates were examined, using the two indices. The quantitation limits were both 0.5 μg/mL. Among 97 kitchen utensils and food packages tested, consumption of potassium permanganate and TOC were 0.5-10.9 μg/mL and ND-18.9 μg/mL for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tea-pot spouts and nylon kitchen utensils, respectively. Among 32 toys tested, the levels were 0.8-45.5 μg/mL and 0.5-8.9 μg/mL from PVC toys and block toys made by ethylene vinyl acetate resin. The levels for other samples were very low. There were large discrepancies between consumption of potassium permanganate and TOC for some PVC products and nylon kitchen utensils. The cause may be a marked difference of the oxidation decomposition rate by potassium permanganate, depending on the kind of organic matter that migrated from the plastics.View full abstractDownload PDF (539K) -
Toxicity and Toxin Profiles of Xanthid Crabs Collected around Nakanoshima, the Tokara Islands, JapanTakefumi SAGARA, Shigeto TANIYAMA, Tomohiro TAKATANI, Naoyoshi NISHIBO ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 237-242
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA total of 36 specimens of 5 xanthid crab species, Zosimus aeneus (n=16), Xanthias lividus (n=4), Leptodius sanguineus (n=3), Daira perlata (n=10) and Eriphia sebana (n=3), were collected around Nakanoshima Island, which is located at the northeastern part of the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan in May and July 2000, and their toxicity was determined by mouse bioassay. Nine of 16 Z. aeneus specimens and all of 4 X. lividus specimens showed lethal potency to mice (2.1-11 MU/g, 2.8-8.6 MU/g, respectively), whereas all the other species were non-toxic (less than 2.0 MU/g). LC/MS analyses indicated that the toxin of the Z. aeneus specimens was mainly composed of tetrodotoxin (41% of total toxicity), and 11-oxotetrodotoxin contributed to the remaining toxicity. The toxin of the X. lividus specimens, however, was apparently not tetrodotoxin. In HPLC-FLD analyses, no paralytic shellfish poison component was detected in either of the two toxic species.View full abstractDownload PDF (13062K)
Notes
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Yoko KITAGAWA, Masahiro OKIHASHI, Satoshi TAKATORI, You OKAMOTO, Naoki ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 243-252
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA rapid and simple multiresidue method has been established for determination of pesticide residues in processed foods by GC/MS/MS. The pesticides were extracted with ethyl acetate, and were cleaned up with a double-layered SPE cartridge column (graphite carbon black/PSA silica gel). Recovery tests of 258 pesticides from five kinds of processed foods (dumpling, curry, French fries, fried chicken, fried fish) were performed at two different fortification levels of 0.02 and 0.1 μg/g, and 184 pesticides showed acceptable recovery (70-120%) with relative standard deviation of ≤20% at both concentrations. The high selectivity of GC/MS/MS gives a very clean chromatogram, making compound identification and confirmation easy. This method could be applied to the determination of pesticide residues in processed foods.View full abstractDownload PDF (283K) -
Examination of Rapid Analysis of Toxic Heavy Metals in Foods for Emergency Response to Health CrisisChie NOMURA, Hirotaka OBANA, Hajime ODA2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 253-255
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA simple and rapid method for determination of intentional contamination with heavy metals in foods using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) has been developed. The heavy metals were extracted with sulfuric acid in a disposable tube using a homogenizer. The extract was diluted with 1% HNO3 solution and analyzed with ICP-AES. Recovery tests of 9 metals, As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Pb, Sb, Sn, and Tl, from 12 foods were performed, and gave acceptable recovery (71-107%) with low relative standard deviation (1-11%). The time required for conversion of 12 samples to test solutions was approximately 2 hr. This method could be useful for identification of heavy metals involved in food poisoning cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (343K)
Reports
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Mami OGIMOTO, Yoko UEMATSU, Kumi SUZUKI, Junichiro KABASHIMA, Mitsuo N ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 256-260
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPollution levels of toxic heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) and arsenic in existing food additives used as food colors (40 samples of 15 kinds) were investigated. Heavy metals were detected in 8 samples; Pb in 1 sample (2.8 μg/g), Hg in 8 samples (0.1-3.4 μg/g) and arsenic in 2 samples (1.7, 2.6 μg/g). The Pb level in 1 sample of lac color (2.8 μg/g) exceeded the limit of 2 μg/g proposed by JECFA and Hg levels in 3 samples of cacao color (1.2-3.4 μg/g) exceeded the limit of 1 μg/g in the EU specification.View full abstractDownload PDF (370K) -
Maki KOBAYASH, Kenji OHTSUKA, Yasuhiro TAMURA, Sanae TOMIZAWA, Naoko S ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 261-269
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA survey of pesticide residues in 600 imported fruit products on the Tokyo market from April 1994 to March 2006 was carried out. Thirty kinds of pesticides, including organophosphorus, organochlorine, carbamate, and pyrethroid, were detected between levels of Tr (below 0.01 ppm) to 0.37 ppm from 75 samples.
Residual pesticides were detected from fruit products, dried fruits and pressed juice. A high frequency of pesticide residues was observed in peels, whole body of fruits and products which contained them.
Residue levels of these pesticides were calculated as between less than 0.1 and 3.9% of their ADI values according to the daily intake of fruit products. Therefore, these fruit products should be safe when eaten in customary amounts.View full abstractDownload PDF (998K) -
Shigeto TANIYAMA, Takefumi SAGARA, Sachio NISHIO, Ryoichi KUROKI, Mana ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 270-277
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom 1990 to 2008, 9 food poisoning incidents due to ingestion of marine boxfish occurred in Nagasaki, Miyazaki, Mie and Kagoshima Prefectures, Japan, and a total of 13 persons were poisoned. Their main symptom was severe muscle pain arising from rhabdomyolysis, which was usually accompanied by the discharge of black urine and abnormal elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase. Twelve out of the 13 victims recovered in a few days to two months, while one died after approximately 2 weeks. Since the symptoms were very similar to those caused by parrotfish “aobudai” Scarus ovifrons poisoning, the causative substance was considered to be parrotfish toxin, i.e., a palytoxin-like substance. Epidemic surveys after the incidents in Miyazaki and Nagasaki identified the leftovers as “hakofugu” Ostracion immaculatus. During screening tests to clarify the toxicity of boxfish from Western Japan, 47 of 129 specimens (36.4%) of O. immaculatus, and 7 of 18 specimens (38.9%) of “umisuzume” Lactoria diaphana were found to show acute and/or delayed lethal activity to mice (0.5-2.0 mouse unit/g). Among the tissues tested, the frequency of toxicity was highest in the viscera excluding liver (28.6% in O. cubicus, 33.3% in L. diaphana), followed by muscle (10.9%, 5.6%) and liver (6.2%, 5.6%). From the above results, we conclude that O. cubicus and L. diaphana inhabiting the coast of Japan sometimes contain toxic substance(s), which can sporadically cause food poisonings very similar to parrotfish poisoning.View full abstractDownload PDF (890K)
Corrections
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Hiroyoshi HARA, Yuji OHASHI, Toshio SAKURAI, Kazuhiro YAGI, Tomohiko F ...2009 Volume 50 Issue 5 Pages 278
Published: October 25, 2009
Released on J-STAGE: November 07, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (30K)
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