All issues
Volume 15, Issue 1
Displaying 1-23 of 23 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Shinji ARAYA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper discribes a method of position-fixing control in the new transportation systems. In the control system, the braking force commands are given in response to errors from the stop patterns which are generated on-line as a function of time. First, a discrete-time linear model with a control delay of m time periods is derived assuming the use of a microcomputer. Then, optimal linear regulator and observer theories are successfully applied in the design of the control system. Finally, the influence of some factors (control parameters, brake characteristics, disturbances etc.) on the stop position error and the ride quality is examined by a computer simulation to demonstrate the validity of the control system.View full abstractDownload PDF (1117K) -
Tadashi KITAMURA, Hajime AKASHI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 9-15
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the optimal control problem of piece-wise linear time-invariant periodic control systems (PLPCS).
This problem can be considered as an application of the optimal control problem for system equations with right-hand side discontinuity of the state. The solution of the optimal control problem is shown to be valid for periodic control processes.
A switching sequence of system equations is denoted by σ, and the σ- invariance of the system is defined.
A sufficient condition is obtained that PLPCS should have a unique periodic solution. It is also shown that when this condition holds and the system is σ-invariant, the PLPCS optimally designed for an integral quadratic P. I. will have a stationary periodic solution obtainable by solving the optimal control problem of PLPCS with the same P. I. and under the periodic condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (918K) -
Naoya KAWASAKI, Hisato KOBAYASHI, Etsujiro SHIMEMURA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 16-20
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper the problem of stabilizing a bilinear system by a state feedback is discussed. The stabilization by a linear feedback law is first considered, where a linear feedback law is designed for a linearized system. The size of the region in which the bilinear system can be asympotically stabilized by the above obtained linear feedback law is estimated. From this estimate it is shown that the stabilizable region with the linear feedback law is not sufficiently large for most applications. A nonlinear feedback law with a quadratic polynomial in state variables is then introduced. A sufficient condition is derived, under which the bilinear system can be stabilized in an arbitrarily given region by the quadratic feedback law. A numerical example is given to show the usefulness of the results.View full abstractDownload PDF (677K) -
Yahachiro TSUKAMOTO, Tsutomu TASHIRO1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 21-25
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe problem, “Given a fuzzy relation R⊂X×Y and a fuzzy subset B⊂Y, find all A⊂X such that A°R=B, where°denotes maxmin composition” is called an “inverse problem of fuzzy relation”. It was investigated by E. Sanchez in 1976.
This paper proposes a new algorithm to solve the inverse problem of fuzzy relational equations and, further, that of fuzzy correspondence. The latter problem is described as follows; given a fuzzy correspondence R:[0 1]m→S⊂ P([0 1]n) and a fuzzy subset b⊂[0 1]n, find all a∈[0 1]m such that a∈R-1(b), where P(·) denotes the family of all the fuzzy subsets of [0 1]n. It is shown that the algorithm to solve this problem is reduced to one which is similar to the algorithm to solve the inverse problem of fuzzy relational equations by introducing strong α-cuts. The method of solution shown in this paper is very simple and, therefore, it is expected to be useful for some practical applications such as fault diagnosis with human sensory measures.View full abstractDownload PDF (635K) -
Takuya NISHIMURA, Akira NAGATA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 26-32
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper we work on the output feedback minimal time control problem, that is, the minimal time control problem of linear discrete-time systems in which the output feedback is allowed, but not the state feedback. And it is shown that the output feedback minimal time control system can be constructed by combining the state feedback minimal time control laws with the minimal time linear function observers designed comformably to that control laws, for the objective discrete-time systems. Also, the necessary and sufficient conditions to construct the output feedback minimal time control system, and the minimality of control time of that system are considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (913K) -
Yoshifumi SUNAHARA, Shin-ichi AIHARA, Fumio KOJIMA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 33-40
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this paper is to derive a filter dynamics for distributed parameter systems with white Gaussian noise coefficients under noisy boundary observations. Two kinds of systems are considered. One is modeled by a partial differential equation of parabolic type and the other described by that of hyperbolic type.
With background knowledge of functional analysis, the mathematical models of system dynamics and boundary observation mechanism are formulated. Using the Radon-Nikodym derivative, the precise form of the filter dynamics is derived, reflecting the nonlinearity due to the existence of stochastic coefficients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1005K) -
Hironao KAWASHIMA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 41-46
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with an identification of the class of nonstationary stochastic processes known as Auto-Regressive Integrated (ARI) processes. The basic idea of this paper is to formulate the ARI process as a linear regression model and estimate the parameters of the process by the least squares. With this formulation, the determination of the numbers of parameters is usually difficult. This difficulty is overcome by introducing the criterion PSS (Prediction Sum of Squares) developed in the multivariate analysis. Moreover, the minimal realization algorithm of Mayne-Kalman is applied to determine the degree of the backward difference and to calculate the parameters which represent the stationary part of the process. Some numerical examples are tested and discussed at the end of this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (693K) -
Teruyuki IZUMI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 47-52
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe M-sequence, which is generated by connecting a feedback loop on an n-stage shift register with mod. 2 adders, is frequently used for a binary random signal. But the random signal x(t) obtained from the M-sequences with a weight adder is not statistically independent because its randomness is not complete.
In this paper, a statistical dependency d of the x(t) is defined by
d=∫∞-∞…∫∞-∞{F(x1, …, xm)
-F1(x1)…Fm(xm)}2dx1…dxm,
where Fi(xi) is a cumulative distribution function of the random variable xi=x(ti), F(x1, …, xm) is a jointly cumulative distribution function of x1, …, xm. The statistical independency of the random signal based on the M-sequences is estimated by this definition. As a result, it is shown that d depends on the feedback loop and also on the weight arrangement of the weight adder even if the feedback loop is the same, and that d decreases if the weight elements are arranged according to the linearly dependent structure of the feedback loop.View full abstractDownload PDF (876K) -
Fumio HARA, Tadashi YAMASHITA, Shuji KITAZAWA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 53-60
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with a study on face graph characteristics and application of the face graph to plant operation surveillance, presenting mathematical formula containing 21 parameters for drawing expressive face graphs. Visual sensitivity analysis experiments of face graph elements such as eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth and so on, and visual discrimination power analysis experiments showed that eyes, eye direction and face direction are points which the human visual sense is highly sensitive, and that if one uses this face graph to express multidimensional data he will be able to detect a very slight change in the phase relationship among them.
Application of this face graph to the display of 11-dimensional time series data in a heat exchanger plant model made it clear that the face graph has an advantage for making the global states and general trends of plant operation comprehensible to human operators.
This paper concludes that the face graph presented here is useful, thus, for a man-machine interface in plant operation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1014K) -
Hideo HANAFUSA, Haruhiko ASADA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 61-66
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA robot hand with three elastic fingers which are independently driven by individual motors is applied to assembling jobs of two-dimensional mechanical parts.
Firstly, the handling force of the active elastic fingers in the prehension situation is analyzed by introducing the potential of the prehension system. Then the parameters of the prehension system with the specified handling force are determined by solving the inverse problems.
Next, assembling jobs of two-dimensional mechanical parts are explained with an example. The active elastic fingers handle one objects so as to fit its position and orientation with those of the another object, keeping specified contact forces. The force balance condition during such a positioning process is discussed. Then the control scheme to the required handling force is made clear.
Finally, experiments are carried out for verifying the theoretical results and the feasibility of the practical application. Representative forces during the assembly process are measured and the feasible region of the positioning process is determined.View full abstractDownload PDF (1422K) -
Toshio SHIRATORI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 67-70
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe triple point of highly pure argon was measured by means of the step heating programming technique, where the base line temperature in each step was estimated from the transient temperature of a partially overheated sample cooling asymptotically toward a stable temperature. Thus obtained melting curve was assumed to represent the equilibrium temperature for the fraction melted at each step. The depression of the melting point and the purity of the sample were estimated from the result by using the equation of Van't Hoff.
The obtained values of the purity of the sample and the depression of the melting point are 99.99916mol% and 0.42mK respectively, and the value of the triple point of pure argon was estimated as 83.7962K on the IPTS-68.View full abstractDownload PDF (524K) -
Akitoshi KAWAMURA, Kunihiro HAYASHI, Susumu HATTORI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 71-76
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe practical standard in high temperature is maintained by tungsten strip lamps. In the past to use these lamps as standard, it was necessary to calibrate these lamps with other radiance sources using an intermediate instrument, the optical pyrometer. But the accuracy of an optical pyrometer is limited and insufficient for calibration; especially this instrument is not adequate for the calibration of blackbody furnaces. And the limitations impede the establishment of traceability of standard for commercial radiation thermometers.
This pyrometer is on trial to remove the limitations of an optical pyrometer. This pyrometer adopts a silicon photocell as detector and operates with monochromatic light by an interference filter (λmax=0.649μm, Δλ=18nm) so as to calibrate the photocell directly to the tungsten strip, the effective wavelength of this pyrometer corresponds approximately to that of a lamp.
The luminance temperature range is 1000°C to 2000°C with a resolution of 0.1°C and the stability is 0.2°C/month. This pyrometer may be useful as practical standard instrument.View full abstractDownload PDF (794K) -
Yutaka OHBUCHI, Yukio TAKAHASHI, Yoshifumi SAKURAI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 77-82
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn a digital force transducer utilizing a magnetomechanical effect (Villari effect) of ferrite core, an analysis of operation and experimental results are presented in this paper. This transducer is a relaxation oscillator which consists of an Esaki Diode and a BIAX type pressure head. The input is a compressive force and it is transduced into an output oscillation frequency. The characteristics are predicted from the simple theory by presenting a model of the exciting path around the exciting hole and by assuming equivalent magnetic anisotropy.
The input range is up to 3.9×107Pa Nonlinearity and hysteresis error are±1% FS, and temperature dependence is less than 0.01%/°C. This transducer is simple and has a digital output.View full abstractDownload PDF (1340K) -
Measurement of Vertical Seismic MotionShigeru KUROSU, Juhei YAMADA, Hiraku TOMIZAWA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 83-88
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn recent years, considerable attention in seismology has been given to the world-wide observation of distant earthquakes and microseims. To observe long period seismic waves caused by distant earthquakes, we have developed an entirely new type of seismometer with a dynamic long period pendulum using a gyroscope. This seismometer is called the gyrotransducer throughout this paper. Our gyrotransducer consists of a gyroscope and an ordinary mass-spring system, and the range of its natural period is about 30∼60sec.
In this paper, we consider an observation system for measuring a vertical seismic motion and examine the amplitude response of a forced vibration which is the most important characteristic of a seismometer. The technical problems of this seismometer are investigated. Among them are mainly the problem of how an ambient temperature change influences the elastic constant of a spring in the seismometer and the problem of what fluctuation the zerolevel of recording suffers due to null-torque. Experimental results obtained in the laboratory and in the seismological station at Tsukuba provide useful data for us to apply this gyrotransducer to a practical seismic observation system.View full abstractDownload PDF (2015K) -
Akira KOBAYASHI, MIZUO NAKAYAMA, Tomio YAMAURA, Yoshiaki OHKAMI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 89-96
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method is described for non-contact rotational speed measurement. It utilizes the natural irregularity of the surface pattern on a rotating object. The method employs an optical system and a spatial filter. The spatial filter is a radial array of photo-sensors having equal angular pitches. With this arrangement of photo-sensors, the filter acts as a narrow-band-pass spatial filter which generates a narrowband random signal whose center-frequency is proportional to the rotational speed.
First, the spatial frequency characteristics of the spatial filter are analytically examined in the polar co-ordinate system.
Next, a practical configuration of the measuring system is presented. In the measuring system, the spatial filter is realized by using a silicon solar cell of which the surface is etched to form the specially designed pattern. The experimental results showed that our method gave excellent characteristics in terms of accuracy, resolution and measuring range.
Furthermore, the effects of measuring conditions are examined and evaluated, among which the effect of nonalignment between the center axis of spatial filter and the center axis of the projected image of the rotating object is not neglisible. It turnes out that this offcenter effect can be reduced if the parameters of the spatial filter pattern and the method of the center-frequency measurement are properly selected.View full abstractDownload PDF (2808K) -
Iwao YAMAMOTO1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 97-103
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is concerned with the transfer characteristics of a pneumatic micrometer system with a positive feedback transducer. The system has two feedback paths. One of them is based on the transfer characteristics of the feedback transducer which is introduced to increase the transfer gain of the system, and the other is due to a repulsive pressure force inevitably brought about between the gauging nozzle and its counterface when the feedback transducer is added to the system. The static transfer characteristics are shown as the sum of the transfer characteristic of the above two feedback circuits and that of the basic pneumatic micrometer. Dynamically, the system is characterized as a first order system whose transfer gain and time constant vary as a function of the operating pressure.
Two kinds of applications can be considered for the system; 1) under the condition β<1/Ks*|pm, a high sensitive pneumatic comparator with an appropriate gain and response corresponding to the feedback gain can be constructed, 2) by designing the circuit so that β>1/Ks*|pm is held over an appreciable wide range of the operating pressure, pneumatic switching devices can be obtained, where Ks* is the transfer gain of the pneumatic micrometer circuit without feedback and pm is the operating pressure at which Ks* attains its maximum value.View full abstractDownload PDF (921K) -
Noboru KOJIMA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 104-108
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe dimensionless slippage coefficient is measured in the study of velocity distribution of a fluid in a pipe and in precision measurement of the viscosity of the fluid. A precise and efficient method to measure the dimensionless slippage coefficient has not been found.
In this paper, taking into consideration the slippage of fluid over walls, the flow through an annulus is analysed in a dimensionless form.
The fluid flows through two annuluses with a common geometry but with different wall surfaces coated with two kinds of slippery materials. The flow rate will depend on the slippage characterized by the dimensionless slippage coefficient β*. Suppose β* changes to Δβ* while the measuring condition is kept unchanged. The ratio of the original flow rate to the new flow rate may be written as:
φ=1+3β*/1+3Δβ*
The above equation holds in a wide range of the ratio of inner radius to outer radius of the annulus.
In the new method proposed by the author the flow rates are measured to obtain β*. When Δβ* has been obtained by a thrust method, β* is obtainable from the above equation. When Δβ* such as the dimensionless slippage coefficient of water flowing over glass surfaces is neglisible, β* is expressed approximately as a function of φ only and is obtained by a simple computation. By the new method, the dimensionless slippage coefficient is measured more efficiently than by other methods, independent of the viscosity of the fluid.
The outline of the experimental equipment and the discussions for experimental results are described.View full abstractDownload PDF (612K) -
Tsutomu WADA, Akira SHIMIZU, Toshiro NORITSUGU1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 109-116
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the previous study, the characteristics of elements required to construct Warren's counter have been made clear. However, the elements having these characteristics had to be chosen by an experimental trial and error. Therefore, these results have not yet been sufficient to design Warren's counter.
In this advanced study, from the viewpoint of predicting the geometries of control flip-flop (FFc) fitted to a given memory flip-flop (FFm), the method of analizing the characteristics of FFc is proposed.
The obtained results can be summarized as follows:
1) If the static and dynamic input characteristics of a given FFm are given, by the proposed analytical method, it is possible to give theoretically the geometry of FFc to be incorporated in a counter having the given FFm. It is also possible to predict theoretically the magnitude and pulse width of an input signal countable by this counter.
2) Using this method for a given FFm, Warren's counter can be designed without an experimental trial and error.View full abstractDownload PDF (954K) -
Masaya TANUMA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 117-124
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo algorithms for control of water quality in an activated sludge process are newly developed by using the optimal regulator theory. One is an optimal water quality control which can regulate the organic matter concentration in effluent discharge. The other is a water quality multivariable control which can regulate sludge age as well as organic matter concentration.
Dynamic behaviors of the activated sludge process are described by an aeration tank model and a final clarifier model. The aeration tank model consists of three nonlinear partial differential equations which express the variations in organic matter concentration, mixed liquor suspended solids and sludge age. Among these models, the model of sludge age is newly developed by the authors.
A linear state space model is obtained by replacing nonlinear partial differential equations by twenty eight linear ordinary differential equations with techniques of linearlization and difference.
Based on this state space model, two optimal control algorithms are derived. New controls have two strong points. First, they can respond quickly and stably by a feedback control of states within the aeration tank. Secondly, they can eliminate the offset errors of output variables by the integral control function.
From the simulation results, it is found that the new control systems are superior to conventional control systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (1053K) -
Junji FURUSHO, Kazuo UEMATSU, Hideaki KANOH, Masami MASUBUCHI1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 125-130
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCharacterization of the dynamic behavior of heat exchangers can be important in the startup operation and for the design of control systems. This paper reports the results of a theoretical and experimental study of the dynamic behavior of plate-fin type heat exchangers. In the theoretical model of this paper, the dynamics of heat conduction of fins are taken into consideration.View full abstractDownload PDF (1026K) -
Nobuo WAKABAYASHI, Tatsuo YAMADA, Katsuhiko UEDA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 131-132
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (258K) -
Yoshihiko SUZUKI, Hiroyuki HASEGAWA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 133-134
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (253K) -
Muneyuki YOSHIOKA, Yoshinobu MORIKAWA1979 Volume 15 Issue 1 Pages 135-136
Published: February 28, 1979
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (306K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|