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Volume 33, Issue 7
Displaying 1-26 of 26 articles from this issue
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Shogo TANAKA, Deden D. SUKMANA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 555-562
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn iron-making process, defects caused by high temperature process can often occur, irrespective of the level, at the inside wall of blast furnace during the operation. For the safety and efficient operations, state-based detection of the defect of the inside wall is of great importance. The detection can be achieved by monitoring the thickness of the inside wall under the operation.
The paper proposes a wall-thickness measurement system which uses transmitting and receiving sonic sensors to measure the thickness of the entire wall and also the inside wall. Ultra sonic sensors of comparatively low frequency, which causes extremely low resolution, being used, high-accurate detection of the reflected wave is important and thus the reflected-wave detection system is adopted, which makes use of a pattern matching between the predicted and actual reflected waves.
Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed system is verified with experiments on bricks and a practical furnacetype steeve.View full abstractDownload PDF (1814K) -
Mineo ITOH1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 563-569
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA measuring system for determining the initial relative permeability (μsi) of ferromagnetic materials at the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77.4K) is developed by using a YBCO superconductor as the standard sample. The μsi is measured in low magnetic fields (over 10-6T to 10-4T) below the lower critical field (μ0Hc1, 5.0×10-4T) of YBCO superconductor. The values of μsi for the typical ferromagnetic materials such as the ferrite, 78-permalloy, soft iron, and electromagnetic stainless steel were 10.70, 10.77, 10.75, and 10.85, at a frequency of 60Hz, respectively. The μsi of a ferrite was constant over the frequency range from 10Hz to 20kHz at both temperatures of 77.4K and 300K. The μsi's of typical ferromagnetic materials without a ferrite were constant for frequency values up to 100Hz and then decreased as the frequency ranged from 100Hz to 20kHz. It was shown that the frequency dependence of μsi at 77.4K was more remarkable than that at 300K. The μsi's of typical ferromagnetic materials were also found to be independent of the magnetic field at both 77.4K and 300K over the range from 10-6T to 10-4T. The accuracy of μsi due to thermal expansions of the rod samples and the differential coil was about 0.1%.View full abstractDownload PDF (1345K) -
Ken NAKANO, Kazuhiro HANE, Shigeru OKUMA, Tadashi EGUCHI1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 570-575
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA stroboscopic fringe scanning interferometric microscope has been developed to measure small vibrations. In order to set up the microscope, the Fizeau-type Interferometry measuring system is used to obtain stroboscopic interference images of a vibrating surface and an optical isolator is inserted into the interferometer to remove extra interferences from the observed interferograms. The measured interferograms are analyzed by the fringe scanning method. A micro-cantilever for an atomic force microscopy is used as a sample to demonstrate usefulness of the fabricated apparatus. The sample is excited by pressure of sound at a frequency of 13.8kHz. By changing time delay of the laser irradiation, distributions of the vibration at different phases are obtained. The measurement error of the vibration is evaluated to be less than 6nm, which is much less than that of the discrete type. This method is useful for measuring minute vibrations of ultrasonic devices and micro-mechanical systems.View full abstractDownload PDF (2124K) -
Hirohisa SAKURAI1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 576-581
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe triple point of indium is realized using an air bath furnace and a sealed glass cell. The triple point temperature of indium is determined, based on the ITS-90, to be 429.74347 (0.00005)K, which is estimated from the measurement of the pressure dependency of the liquid-solid equilibrium state. The reproducibility of the melting curves, the difference between the melting and freezing curves of the triple point of indium, and the immersion effect are measured to confirm thermal equilibrium between the sample and a thermometer in the thermometer well and to esimate spurious heat flows. The molar impurity concentration effective to the triple point in the indium sample is found to be less than 0.01ppm estimated by the thermal analytical method using a quasi-static freezing curve. The combined uncertainty in calibrating thermometers by the developed equipment is estimated to be 0.068mK.View full abstractDownload PDF (3910K) -
The Case of Hardness and Heat Conductivity of MaterialJun-ichiro YUJI, Katsunori SHIDA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 582-587
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this study a new multi-functional discriminating technique of material properties that is hardness and heat conductivity of material with a pressure-conductive rubber sheet sensor is proposed. This study is aiming to realize an artificial device with sensing ability of the human skin as a final goal.
We recognized that the value of resistance in a pressure-conductive rubber sheet was influenced not only by pressure but also by temperature. Therefore, a mono-structure pressure-conductive rubber sheet sensor which imitated approximately a sensing mechanism of the human skin was developed for discriminating both the hardness and the heat conductivity of material.
It was shown to be possibile to discriminate the hardness and the heat conductivity of material by experimental results with a rubber sheet sensor based on proposed new multi-functional sensing technique. Our trial will be finally led to tactile sensing technology for realize an artificial device with sensing ability of the human skin.View full abstractDownload PDF (2041K) -
Mitsuru BABA, Tadataka KONISHI, Yuko HORI1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 588-596
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the field of measuring system and robot system, optical sensors are often used on position measurement of objects. A development of high-speed position sensors is an important issue because the above systems require the position measurement at the time of the order of milli second or less along with high accuracy. CCD and PSD are currently used for position measurement of the systems. However, both sensors are difficult to shorten the position measurement time in principle.
This paper describes a new approach to scanning method of sensor array for high-speed position measurement of spot signal. The method of the position measurement is as follows. First, the method detects sensor element outputting maximum value of the sensor array by means of parallel processing technique. Second, the true peak position of spot signal is interpolated by a curve of secondary degree with these three sensor outputs. We constructed a prototype sensor system with mainly analog discrete circuits. Performance of the sensor system can be summarize as follows:
(1) linearity of 0.49%.
(2) short sampling frequency of 10kHz.
(3) little influence on background light.
The experiment results demonstrates that the proposed method is effective for high-speed position measurement.View full abstractDownload PDF (1877K) -
Hiroyuki INABA, Yasuyuki SONODA, Yasumasa ITAKURA, Masao KASAHARA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 597-599
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new method for measuring a velocity vector field of a random flow is proposed. Our method is based on the STDSM (Spatio Temporal Derivative Space Method) which is known as the method for measuring a stationary flow. Furthermore, some relationship between an accuracy and some parameters of randomness are shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (1141K) -
Yoshihiro INOSE, Nagamasa YAMADA, Akio FURUSE, Shigeru KUROSU1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 600-602
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes experimental studies about an entirely new device for measuring flowrate (called Dynamic Flowmeter) which provides precise direct digital output proportional to the flowrate. A cylindrically winding strip supported on a frame is installed on an orifice in the flow. The differential pressure in the orifice acting on the strip causes a deflection. Thus, when the deflection can be measured accuratily, this flowmeter operates as precision linear instrument with high reproducibility. The principal characteristics of the flowmeter are analized by using a simplified flow model. To evaluate the performance, experiments for air and within the range of the flowrate (0∼8.3×10-4[m3/s]) are conducted. The flowmeter constructed with suitable parameters is promising for practical applications.View full abstractDownload PDF (421K) -
Nobutoshi YAMAZAKI, Atsushi ZAITSU1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 603-608
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAutomatic recognition of human activities is one of the basic techniques required for monitoring in security systems. In proposed method, following three kinds of human states in daily life can be recognized from measuring thermal images: resting state, active state, and absent state. These states are judged by comparing intensity change of human region among consecutive images. First, the active state was roughly determined as the region where the intensity changes. Then, each region was checked more precisely by Fuzzy reasoning based on degree change in intensity, average intensity of its area and its terminal area, and complexity of the boundary shape. Human region was determined by this process. On the other hand, the resting state is judged when the intensity doesn't change from previous human region. If the measured image belongs neither resting state nor active state, it was judged as absent state. The accuracy of the judgement of living states was 95% in a room arranged for an experiment. Judgement was miscarried in case that human area was small or overlapped with large and high temperature objects. Calculation time per one image was about 20 second, using a personal computer.View full abstractDownload PDF (4091K) -
Kazunori YASUDA, Fumiko NOSO1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 609-615
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper considers the problem of decentralized quadratic stabilization for a linear interconnected descriptor system with norm bounded uncertainties. First, a sufficient condition for the closed-loop system to have a unique solution and no impulsive modes is discussed. Secondly, a sufficient condition under which the interconnected system is quadratically stabilizable via decentralized linear semi-state feedback is derived. The stabilizability condition is described in terms of the Riccati inequalities on the subsystem level and the M-matrix constraint of a matrix consisting of upper bounds of the strength of interconnections among subsystems. The obtained result is an extension of one for a linear interconnected system described by the state equation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1164K) -
A Good Lower Bound and A Cheap Upper BoundHisaya FUJIOKA, Kohta HOSHIJIMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 616-621
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Bilinear Matrix Inequality (BMI) eigenvalue problem is considered. Upper and Lower bounds of the BMI eigenvalue to combine with the BMI branch and bound algorithm are derived. The proposed lower bound is better in compare to existing one, and still computable via the LMI-optimization. While, the proposed upper bound is computationally cheap utilizing the lower bound optimizer. The worst case gap of the proposed bounds is characterized by the problem data. Numerical examples are also shown.View full abstractDownload PDF (1587K) -
Tsutomu MITA, Kang ZHI LIU, Kimihiro TOMIYAMA, Hui ZHANG1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 622-630
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper derives comprehensive stabilty condition for plants having unstable weighting functions and investigates the structure of controllers with an application to the extended H2 control problem.View full abstractDownload PDF (2191K) -
Shinsuke TAKAHASHI1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 631-638
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposes a method for learning the varying parameters of the gasoline engine control system. The method is based on the δ-rule which is a basic learning law in neural networks. Since parameters change frequently according to engine running conditions, they are not directly learned. Instead, the data of a table which stores parameter values of various engine running conditions are learned based on the δ-rule. This enables frequently varying parameters to be learned. A simulation shows that the proposed method is effective to achieve accurate control in a comparatively short period of time.View full abstractDownload PDF (1659K) -
ETS-VI on-Orbit ExperimentTakashi KIDA, Isao YAMAGUCHI, Yuichi CHIDA, Takeshi SEKIGUCHI1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 639-647
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn-Orbit control experiment of ETS-VI has been successfully performed. The purpose is to demonstrate the robust control capability in the large space structures control technology. This paper describes the experiment results of four types of robust controllers designed in LQG and H∞ framework. The modeling method and the controllers design procedures are outlined. The obtained experiment results are analyzed and compared with the simulation results.View full abstractDownload PDF (1921K) -
Kiyotsugu TAKABA, Tohru KATAYAMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 648-655
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is concerned with a state-space solution to the H∞ filtering problem for linear discrete-time systems. We first reduce the H∞ filtering problem to a model matching problem (MMP), and then employ a (J, J')-spectral factorization technique for solving the MMP. By this approach, we obtain a complete parametrization of all H∞ filters. Using the chain scattering representation, the structure of the H∞ filtering problem is also studied. Furthermore, we present a solution to the H∞ prediction problem as a special case of the filtering problem.View full abstractDownload PDF (1513K) -
Unified Solutions to H∞ Servo and Estimation ProblemsTsutomu MITA, Xin XIN, Kimihiro TOMIYAMA, Brian D.O. ANDERSON1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 656-664
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper solves H∞ control problems for plants having unstable weighting functions and applies the results to an H∞ servo problem as well as an H∞ estimation problem.View full abstractDownload PDF (1739K) -
Akira OHSUMI, Tomoki KUROISHI, Hiroshi IJIMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 665-673
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe wavelet-based algorithms are proposed for an on-line detection of a train of pulse signals corrupted by random noise. The key approach is to catch the time instant at which the pulse signal changes by computing the correlation between wavelet and observation data. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms are confirmed by numerical simulation experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1597K) -
Fumitoshi MATSUNO, Satoshi UMEYAMA, Shozaburo KASAI, Takao KANZAWA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 674-679
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this paper, we discuss modeling and robust bending and torsional vibrations, and contact force control of a constrained flexible arm. By using Hamilton's principle an ordinary differential equation of a joint angle and distributed parameter systems of vibration equations are derived. As the obtained boundary conditions are nonhomogeneous, we introduce a change of variables to derive homogeneous boundary conditions. By solving the eigenvalue problem related to DPS, eigenvalues and corresponding eigenfunctions are obtained. A robust controller should be constructed to compensate the spillover instability caused by residual modes, which are neglected at the controller design phase. To demonstrate the validity of the derived model and the effectiveness of the proposed controller, experiments have been carried out.View full abstractDownload PDF (1644K) -
Kenji TANAKA, Takaharu MOROHASHI, Taro MAEDA, Yasuyuki YANAGIDA, Susum ...1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 680-686
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have proposed and developed a vibratory tactile display system which enables the operator to recognize textures of the surface of a material in a virtual environment with somatosensory consistency. It displays the vibration generated to represent surface texture of a virtual object according to the movement of the operator's fingertip.
By focusing on impulses found in the recorded vibration, we propose a method of generating vibration in which frequency and power of the impulses are conserved.
We have found that the impulse component in the vibration is a significant factor in displaying tactile information. The proposed method proved to give the tactile sensation with a higher sensation of presence than methods in which neither phase information nor impulses are conserved. The validity of the proposed method was confirmed by psychophysical evaluation experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (2761K) -
Hiroyuki TAMURA, Makoto ABE, Shinji TOMIYAMA, Itsuo HATONO1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 687-692
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with a method of evaluating the effectiveness of carbon tax for regulating total emission of carbon dioxide (CO2). For this purpose, we analyze the input-output model of Leontief as a primal linear programming model and its dual problem to deal with carbon tax for CO2 emission. A numerical example is included by using inter-industry table obtained in 1985 and CO2 emission table obtained in 1990.View full abstractDownload PDF (1475K) -
Functional Modules and Straight Transport ControlYukiharu YAMAUCHI, Seiji ISHIKAWA, Kiyoshi KATO1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 693-700
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposes an architecture for realizing cooperative work by a multiple robots system. Cooperative work is regarded as being performed by a set of dynamic units called functional modules. A functional module is defined by nine objects, i.e., a data acquisition object, a data analysis object, an environmental information object, a communication object, a control object, a total managing object, and three database objects. Roles of these objects are described. The architecture is applied to a practical two mobile robots system performing box pushing in a cooperative way. A single mobile robot is a single functional module and the function of each object of the module in this particular work is explained. Experimental results are shown with discussion.View full abstractDownload PDF (3088K) -
Sachio TAKANO, Takao WATANABE, Keiichiro YASUDA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 701-708
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper is concerned with branch and bound technique for the global solution of bilinear matrix inequality (BMI) problem. In this paper, more strict estimation method of lower bound of objective function and new bounding operation are proposed. The effectiveness of proposed method is confirmed in computational experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (1559K) -
Masato MIZUKAMI, Motohisa HIRANO, Kazumasa SHINJO1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 709-715
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn optical fiber telecommunications, optical axes of optical devices that transmit light must be accurately positioned so that when many devices are connected, the transmitted light intensity can be maximized. In coupling of optical fiber arrays and planar waveguides, many optical axes must be positioned with multiple degrees of freedom. This is a large-scale, and complicated problems; (1) searching optimal positions for systems with multiple degrees of freedom, (2) trapping at local minima for optical beam profiles with satellite peaks, and (3) ensuring robustness against disturbance from mechanical equipment, (4) constrained optimization required in aligning array devices. We examine the use of the Hamiltonian algorithm to quickly align optical axes that must be precisely positioned with multiple degrees of freedom. The Hamiltonian algorithm utilizes the mixing properties of a dynamical system and efficiently searches for the global minimum of the objective function in optimization problems. We discuss the effects of mixing properties and degrees of freedom, when searching for the global minimum. We also show that our technique can avoid trapping at local minima, and that it is robust against disturbance. Moreover, we examine whether our method can be used to couple optical array devices such as fiber arrays, and show that we can quickly find the optimal points, at which the maximum optical intensities are obtained.View full abstractDownload PDF (1551K) -
Michitaka HIROSE, Shin'ichi SATO, Kensuke YOKOYAMA, Koichi HIROTA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 716-722
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper describes a telecommunication system that can provide realistic sensations of remote place. To minimize the time delay between head movement and displayed image, the system named “Virtual Dome” was developed. This system consists of a rotating camera head that gathers surrounding images of remote place and a graphics workstation in which a virtual spherical screen for looking around is held. In this paper, firstly, the concept and implementation of the Virtual Dome are stated. Next, an approach to improve the efficiency of acquiring images is discussed. Finally, an extension of the Virtual Dome is discussed from 3D sensation view point. Depth information of a scene was extracted using a pair of stereo panoramic image. By making the virtual screen uneven based on the depth information, 3D sensation was synthesized.View full abstractDownload PDF (3061K) -
Hiroshi KAWAKAMI, Osamu KATAI, Tadataka KONISHI, Mitsuru BABA, Tetsuo ...1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 723-731
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper proposes a method for encoding, macro-coding and utilizing design knowledge for computer aided conceptual design. From VE (Value Engineering) perspectives, we interpret artifacts as communication channels which transmit a designer's intention to the “world of structures” in which the designer's intention is substantiated. This transmission process is subjected to teleological, causal and information theoretic rationality. The information transmission is optimized by introducing intermediary “codes” (schema of design knowledge) which bypass the channel. By means of Explanation-Based Generalization and Genetic Algorithm, codes prepared in the initial knowledge-base are combined together into the so-called “macro-codes”. Codes and macro-codes are evaluated by their efficiency of accelerating design process, by their rationality of using themselves, and by their fitness for design phase. We propose a computer environment for supporting conceptual design which retains several codes sorted out by three dimensions of evaluation, and facilitates designers to select their desired codes. In this environment, processes of conceptual design take the form of placing selected codes at appropriate locations along with the information transmission channel.View full abstractDownload PDF (5130K) -
Tadahiro HASEGAWA, Sumiko MAJIMA1997 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 732-734
Published: July 31, 1997
Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome actuators, using shape memory alloys or piezoceramics and so on, have hysteretic properties with minor loops. To design an adaptic controller to compensate the hysteretic property, a method of on-line identification of the hysteretic property is proposed in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (431K)
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