Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers
Online ISSN : 1883-8189
Print ISSN : 0453-4654
ISSN-L : 0453-4654
Volume 39, Issue 4
Displaying 1-14 of 14 articles from this issue
  • Kazumoto MORITA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 315-324
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a method of estimating information processing time using blink latency by measuring subject's spontaneous blinks when he or she processes information from external stimuli. The salient feature of this method is that the information processing time can be obtained without having the subjects carry out specific acts. First, the theoretical procedures of the method are explained. In the theory it is assumed that eyeblink is suppressed during information processing time and is released after the processing is finished. The author stochastically considers the relations among the time when the stimulus is presented, the time when the preceding blink occurs, and the time when the following blink occurs. Next, the calculation results obtained by this method are examined by comparison with the experimental data from 11 subjects. In the experiments, subjects were instructed to read a line of Japanese text on a personal computer screen. The calculation results and the actual experimental data show good agreement.
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  • Masayuki TANAKA, Jun-ya TAKAYAMA, Shinji OHYAMA, Akira KOBAYASHI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 325-331
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A subsurface radar system is assumed as monostatic radar configuration due to its imaging process, although the radar is not monostatic configuration but bistatic one. The aim of this research is to reconstruct an image based on a bistatic radar configuration model. A back projection histogram method (BPHM) has been proposed as novel imaging process. By this method, an image can be reconstructed from reflected wave signal obtained by bistatic radar configuration, though it is imposible by conventional method. First, a bistatic scanning method is described for imaging process, then a quasi-multistatic scanning is also proposed as the method to be equivalent to scanning of multistatic radar configuration. The last, experiments of steel plate detection are demonstrated to present a effectiveness of proposed scannning and BPHM. As the result, inclination angles of buried steel plate are detected by proposed method more precisely than conventional method.
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  • Masayuki TANAKA, Jun-ya TAKAYAMA, Shinji OHYAMA, Akira KOBAYASHI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 332-341
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A time of a microwave propagation from a emitter to a receiver via a reflective object in a soil is estimated based on a model fittness. Since the model fittness is expressed as a function of time and has a single-peaked pattern at the propagation time, the propagation time is determined from the time of the peak of the model fittness. It is proved in this paper that the model fittness can be calculated as an envelope of a cross correlation function between a transmitting wave and a receiving wave. The propagation times are obtained at each measurement point. From sets of the measurement point and the propagation time, a representative position of the object is estimated by a least square method with a non-linear model which is based on geometric relationship among the representative position of the object, measurement positions and an antenna arangement. In this paper, detections of three different size of steel pipes are experimentally demonstrated. As a result, top positions of three steel pipes are precisely identified by proposed methods.
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  • Hirohisa SAKURAI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 342-348
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The non-uniqueness of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 is estimated using 6 standard capsule type platinum resistance thermometers in the range from 14K to 302K and 7 standard long-stem type platinum thermometers in the range 0°C to 156°C. The non-uniqueness among the interpolation thermometers is found to be less than 0.3mK in almost all ranges, except a few subranges that cover from 14K to 54K. The inconsistency between subranges is of the order of 0.3mK in most of the low temperature ranges. The non-uniqueness and the inconsistency are not negligibly small and they should be included in uncertainty sources of temperature measurements.
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  • Tokihiko KOBATA, James W. SCHMIDT, Douglas A. OLSON
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 349-356
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A study on the characterization of a controlled-clearance piston gauge was performed. In this study, the Heydemann-Welch model was used to define the controlled-clearance piston gauge as a primary pressure gauge. The parameters needed for the model were determined from the measurements, and the characteristics of the controlled-clearance gauge were evaluated. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The best jacket pressure function to keep the clearance between the piston and cylinder constant was determined from the measurement. (2) The dimensional clearance between the piston and cylinder was estimated. (3) The uncertainty of the effective area of the piston-cylinder used for the gauge was evaluated by the function of the system and jacket pressures.
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  • Masayuki SATO
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 357-364
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper addresses the analysis and synthesis of robust LQ regulators for LPV (Linear Parameter-Varying) systems using parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions. Robust LQ performance, an infimum of upper bounds of LQ performance for LPV systems, is formulated via LMIs. Although such robust LQR problems are described as non-convex problems, they can be transformed into convex problems by an iterative algorithm recently proposed by Shimomura et al. The robust LQR design method presented in this paper is also applied to a previously proposed model-following controller design. In contrast to the previous work, robust performance is evaluated as a time-varying system over the full ranges of the parameters that represent plant perturbations or uncertainties. The applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated through some illustrative examples, including the design and simulations of a model-following controller for an aircraft lateral/directional motions.
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  • Hisakazu NAKAMURA, Yuh YAMASHITA, Hirokazu NISHITANI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 365-374
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper provides a construction method of a smooth homogeneous Lyapunov function associated with a discontinuous homogeneous system, which is locally asymptotically stable. First, we analyze two similar converse Lyapunov theorems for differential inclusions and unify a simple theorem. Next, we propose a new definition of homogeneous differential inclusion. And construct a smooth homogeneous Lyapunov function associated with the homogeneous differential inclusion. Lastly, we show that the order of homogeneity of a homogeneous system indicates the speed of convergence.
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  • Masakazu MUKAI, Takehito AZUMA, Masayuki FUJITA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 375-381
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents a robust receding horizon control algorithm for a class of hybrid systems by exploiting the equivalence between piecewise linear systems and mixed logical dynamical systems. The control algorithm consists of two control modes which are a state feedback mode and a receding horizon control mode. In the receding horizon control mode, the constrained positively invariant sets are used as terminal constraint. This control algorithm guarantees that the state converges to a union of constrained positively invariant sets with no constraint violation. A simple example is presented to show that the control algorithm satisfies the stability and constraints.
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  • Wataru KITAMURA, Yasumasa FUJISAKI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 382-387
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The size of the membership set is investigated in the presence of bounded disturbance and l2 bounded parameter uncertainty. A tight upper bound of the diameter of the membership set is derived in a deterministic setting, which indicates that the diameter does not converge to zero in general. Then, a probabilistic upper bound of the diameter is derived in a stochastic setting, where the disturbance and the parameter uncertainty are assumed to be random variables and to take a value near the worst ones with a probability. This probabilistic bound leads to the fact that the diameter converges to zero with probability one as the number of samples tends to infinity.
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  • Ryosuke MORI, Fumio MIYAZAKI
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 388-393
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, we propose a ball tracking and catching strategy called GAG (short for “gaining angle of gaze”) that enables a mobile robot to track and catch a ball flying in three-dimensional space. The GAG strategy does not require the information of the ball's position in three-dimensional space, but instead requires only the angle of elevation of gaze captured as two-dimensional visual information. We also derive a visual feedback control scheme based on GAG and demonstrate that the proposed scheme enables the robot to track and catch a ball flying in three-dimensional space by using only a monocular vision system.
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  • Jiwu WANG, Masanori SUGISAKA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 394-398
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Digit recognition based on backpropagation neural networks, as an important application of pattern recognition, attracted much attention. Although it has the advantages of parallel calculation, high error-tolerance, and learning capability, better recognition effects can only be achieved with some specific fixed format inputs of the digit image. Moreover, the recognition rate can not be improved obviously even if digits were trained with various format samples. This is because the accuracy of recognition is also directly affected by the digit image preprocessing ability. Here using Matlab software, the digit image was enhanced by resizing and neutral-rotating the extracted digit image before recognition, which improved the digit recognition capability of the backpropagation neural network for practical applications. This method may also be helpful for recognition of other complex patterns with backpropagation neural networks.
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  • Ichiro WATANABE, Takayuki KAWABE, Yoshiaki IKAI, Jun-ichi ICHIHARA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 399-407
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The authors are developing a precise track-following control system with a learning controller for optical disk drives. This learning controller automatically estimates and generates an actuator drive signal to effectively compensate for the periodic disturbance. We have already proposed a learning controller with stairs approximation but there is a possibility of generating undesirable vibration in the tracking error due to the stairs output of the learning controller. To solve this problem, we tried to introduce a linear interpolation to make the output of the learning controller smooth.
    In this paper, we describe the principle of the learning controller with linear interpolation and how to design its parameters. By simulations and experiments, we demonstrate the performance of the proposed control system.
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  • Tomoyuki NAGASHIO, Kazuhiro YAMADA, Takashi KIDA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 408-414
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For general mechanical systems with collocated sensors and actuators; it is known effective to use a symmetric controller. The symmetric controller guarantees robust stability of the closed loop system by virtue of its structure having positive definite or positive semi definite symmetric coefficient matrices. This paper proposes an optimal design method of the symmetric controller in the sense of H norm. In the synthesis, the optimal controller is obtained by solving the linear matrix inequality reduced from the bounded real lemma. This method has advantage over other robust control technique in its structural simplicity. Finally, we apply the design method to the actual large space structure model.
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  • Yuna NISHIBE, Haiyuan WU, Tadayoshi SHIOYAMA
    2003 Volume 39 Issue 4 Pages 415-423
    Published: April 30, 2003
    Released on J-STAGE: March 27, 2009
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    For the purpose of mobility aid for the blind, this paper presents a new method for detecting the position of yellow tactile tile along train platform curb which is one of the most dangerous drop-off, by using an image. In Japan, yellow tactile tiles are usually set along train platform curbs in order to notify the blind of danger. In the method, first, we extract the region of yellow tactile tile in an image with a perceptually uniform color system. And two edge lines of both side of yellow tactile the are detected by using the Hough transformation. Then vertical lines such as pillars are extracted using information of the width of yellow tactile tile to obtain a surface normal of a platform. Finally, the distance from the blind to the yellow tactile tile is estimated based on 3D vector analysis under the perspective projection. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown from extensive experiments for real images of subway platform scenes.
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