The Action of Nonverbal Representation sometimes plays a more important role than Linguistic behavior. The purpose of this study is to propose the material to assist Japanese Language Learning based upon the newly established data base of the Action of Nonverbal Representation in Japanese.

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Passive sentences with non-animate agents exhibit characteristics different from those with animate agents. For instance, they are constrained by the text in which they are used, and many of them are unified word expressions that are accompanied by metaphorical nuances (such as “shakai ni momareru” or “koukoku ni tsurareru”). In this article, it has been found that passive sentences with an animate subject and a non-animate agent evince the following inclinations. First, these passive sentences typically describe a physical, physiological or psychological changes which affects the subject. Second, passives of physical change differ from those of psychological change in that the agent affects the subject. Passives of physical change, by taking the person or subject as merely one of its objects, correspond to active sentences, and thus function as voice. In contrast, in passives of psychological change the agent espresses the inducement of change. In such sentences, there are some verbs which do not at all express psychological meaning when in an active sentence.

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This paper discusses a short-term education program for foreign students, particularly for undergraduates. This short-term education program is intensive, teaching natural science to non-Japanese speaking students virtually in six months, Indeed, its volume of contents is as large as that generally taught to Japanese people over ten or more years from elementary to graduate school. Foreign students are different in their backgrounds, where culture, custom, religion, and education are concerned. It is generally considered difficult to elevate those students to the level of college graduate or scientist in a short period of time. It was found, however, that by training their scientific ways of thinking rather than just promoting their accumulation of knowledge of science, we can effectively educate them ever in such a short period of time and overcome difficulties in education due to differences in their backgrounds. Further, this method of education may realistically apply not only to undergraduates, but also to graduates and Japanese students. In this regard, it can be a universal education model.

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This paper presents new methods of financial analysis for the local public hospitals in Japan. That is a technique questing for problems in the business structure of the local public hospitals from the movement of funds. The contents are to show the financial structure in a new graph by cash-flow analysis, and to define the characteristics of management. Firstly, methods of introducing new cash-flow accounting statements from the financial statements were proposed. Secondly, analysis methods with a new graph showing the fund structure clearly were projected. Lastly, funding issues of the local public hospitals in Japan were considered. Spreadsheet software was applied for preparing the accounting statements and graphs. Dara were obtained from the 10 years' worth of disclosed financial statements of the public hospitals. The whole technique became the methods for being the tool to support financial analysis.

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This report introduces a novel means of recycling urban waste which until now only been burned as a heat source. In this recycling system, cement kilns which have been lying idle in the cement industry, are employed. Urban waste has been burned and its ashes buried. As a consequence, this has created serious incidental environmental problems, such as those problems caused by toxic substances, like dioxin, generated in the burning process, shortages of landfill areas, water pollution caused by leaching water and so on. An aerobic fermentation urban waste disposal system discussed here was confirmed to be effective for solving a variety of environmental problems, which have not been handled well by conventional disposal methods. Using an idle kiln, this system aerobic fermentation decomposes urban waste and furthermore, recycles is as a raw material for cement and a fuel producing cement. Its was demonstrated that by inventing a disposal method for wastes, even urban waste can be effectively recycled as a resource. It was also found that the cement industry can make zero-emissions possible in a local area and can be an important industry for constructing a society that recycles resources effectively.

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