Fossil pollen assemblages of the Latest Pleistocene to Holocene sediments in the Kamishiro Basin, Northwest Nagano Prefecture, Central Japan, were analysed to divide into three zones of KAM-1, 2 and 3 from upper to lower. Zone KAM-1 and Zone KAM-2 are subdivided into four subzones of a, b, c and d from upper to lower, respectively.
In Zone KAM-3, recognized were the coniferous forest of Subalpine Zone with deciduous broad-leaved forest and the climatic condition was presumed cooler than the present.
In Zone KAM-2, recognized were deciduous broad-leaved forest of the Cool Temperate Zone with the coniferous forest, and the climatic condition was slightly warmer than the lower zone. The climatic change in short cycle is also recognized.
In Zone KAN-1, Pinus (Diploxylon) and Alnus, Ulmus-Zelkova increase, and the subalpine zone element does not appear almost. In the upper part of KAM-1, it increased of the precipitation, and the effect of the vegetation destruction of the human impact.
In this site, Fagua which is the element of snowy side Sea of Japan appeared comparatively few, on the other hand Picea Which is the inland element appeared to some extent.

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The writer have studied ichnofossils found in the Miocene sediments, developed along the river of Ara-kawa, Akabira-gawa, and Maita-gawa running through the northeastern part of the Chichibu basin, Saitama Prefecture, Central Japan, and discussed their paleoenvironment as follows.
1) The lowermost Shirasu formation occurred a lot of trace fossils such as Macoronicunus isp. and Psilonichnus cf. tubiformis produced in foreshore to shoreface area.
2) From the sandstone at the top of former formation, Schaubcylindichnus freyi with hummocky cross-lamination shows the more or less deeper environment than former.
3) From the Tomita formation overlying the former ones had Planolites beverleyensis showing shoreface to offshore area.
4) The base of the Nenokami formation overlying the former on are composed of conglomerate with a lot of boulders of calcareous nodule, which has rich Gastrochaenolites isp., and Psilonichnus aff. upsilon had burrowed into firmground on its bottom. Considering from the sedimentary facies and trace fossils such as Gastrochaenolites isp. and Psilonichnus aff. upsilon between the upper part of the Tomita formation and the base of the Nenokami formation, it was discussed that historic course of their sedimentation.
5) The exitence of Phycosiphon incertum and Schaubcylindrichnus freyi inside the Nenokami formation might show the offshore environment by the rapid transgression.
6) The Ogano-machi formation has none of trace fossil.
7) The occurrence of trace fossils of Rosselia socialis and Schaubcylindrichnus freyi from the Maita-gawa River Sandstone Conglomerate Member of the Chichibu-machi Formation shows the shoreface to offshore environment, and the existence of Dactyloidites ottoi in the east margin of the sedimentary basin might show the production small-scale fan delta at that time.
8) In the Kuroya Mudstone Sandstone Member, Planolites beverleyensis, Skolithos linearis and etc. show shoreface to offshore environment, and ?cf. Bathichnus paramoudrae is presumed tobe the dysoxic environment partially.
9) It is considered that the occurrence of several ichnospecies of opportunistic from the Nenokami and the Chihibu-machi formations show the rapid sedimentation.

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A well preserved specimen of the fossil Echinolampas yoshiwarai was discovered from the middle Miocene Nagura Formation, Chichibu-machi Group in the east margin of Chichibu Basin, Central Japan.
E. yoshiwarai have been reported from the various localities of the upper lower Miocene to lower middle Miocene throughout the north Formosa to southwest Hokkaido. The paleoenvironment of this species are deemed the shallow water in the tropic and subtropic area. So it was considered with the sedimentary facies of the Miocene that the paleoenvironment of the Nagura Formation wa fan deltaic area developed along the margin of the basin.

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Tetsugorou WAKIMIZU are the geologist who played over the early Showa era since Meiji active part. The scene theory based on the geology was progressed putting it in the fall of life. In 2008 fiscal year, our Museum were processes for the resource research, and rock specimens concerning Tetsugorou WAKIMIZU discovered. There is ‘ Rikuzen-Oshima ’ rock specimens that recorded the oldest collection day in that. It is corroborative facts of Imperial University graduation thesis which Tetsugorou WAKIMIZU colleced about 120 years ago.

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