The outocomes of national elections in Tottori prefecture over the past three decades have indicated the pattern of the so-called "55 year regime," although there have been small changes in the urban areas where some parties other than Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and Japan Socialist Party (JSP) have gradually increased their votes. The political culture of traditional Japanese society to which our human relations and political behaviors have been subject can still be taken to persist, while, superficially, the society has completely changed to a new one under the post-war Constitution and rapid urbanization. In other words, there is an interesting mixture of the modern system and traditional culture. Factional dynamics, which, among other things, typify party organization, must be understood in this context.
　Aiming towards grasping an overall picture of how much political culture, of which regionalism in the most important component factor, dictates behaviors of local political leaders, we shall take up as a specific example the case of Tottori prefecture and try to extract valid generalizations from our survey research.
　Our findings are as follows. In Chapter 2 our main point is that the social backgrounds of political leaders, whether they are national leaders or local ones,, are higher than those of citizens, as evidenced in the case of Tottori prefecture, whose tabulated figures presented will show this clearly.
　The finding discussed in Chapter 3 is that non-political organizations inevitably have to shoulder the role of political recruitment in a region like Tottori prefecture where the party system is underdeveloped, remain. The organizations which have played this role have been and the residental communities and other non-political organizations in Japanese society such an the farmer's cooperatives, other business communities, labor unions and private clubs. In addition to this recruitment system, elected officials need the endorsement of these organizations in order to get elected or re-elected because these organizations have achieved the major roles in recruitment and as a voting machine, thus, political leaders who are endorsed by. residential communities or other organizatios mentioned above are obliged to work as the agent of them.
　The finding presented in Chapter 4 is that residential communities in the rural areas have formed the political infrastructure of the conservative party. In fact, many non-partisan leaders and local leaders of the LDP have often been recruited from such communities with their endorsement. On the other hand, JSP has received much support mainly from labor unions and farmers. These two major parties have dominated almost the entirety of the political stratum in Tottori prefecture where regionalism and factinalism provide rigid political norms from which voters are not allowed to deviate, and where there may be no room for extraneous minor parties to intrude. Political leaders of both of the two major parties have organized well-known candidate support groups (koenkai) in order to keep voters witihin certain prescribed bounds on the basis of two norms.

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　One of the focal organizations in interorganizational relations in bureaucracy is the office which plays the role of controlling the activities of each department or ministry. It is possible to devide this control or supervisory office into two types ; 1) the management or integration type and 2) the planning or affainment type. In wartime Japan the Ministry of Finance exemplified the former, and the newly established offices , i. e., the Cabinet Research Bureau (Chosa-kyoku), the Cabinet Planning Agency (Kikaku-cho) and the Cabinet Planning Board (Kikaku-iri) exemplified the latter type. The Finance Ministry came to the fore before the February 26, 1936 Incident. The other side offices tried to gain power after the Incident. That is to say after the Incident, interorganizational relations in bureaucracy showed new structural differentiation or possessed dual focal organizations.
　In this paper I analysize the conflict processes between two types of control offices after the Incident. I conclude that the Finance Ministry incorporated the Cabinet Planning Board, the last stage of the other side offices, into the interorganizational relations, to great advantage to itself. And it is possible to say that these interorganizational relations, wherein the planning-type control office is incorporated under the influence of the management-type one is the prototype of interorganizational relations in the postwar Japanese bureaucracy which contributes to economic growth.

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　This paper is based on participant-observation of a travelling theater troupe (taishu gekidan), the Ichikawa H. Gekidan. This kind of troupe has its orign in Kabuki, Shinpa, and Kengeki, and the elements from each of these traditions are mixed.
　An actor may be known by any one of three different kinds of names : his real name, his stage name, and the name of the character he is portraying. The Ichikawa H. Gekidan can thus be analyzed at each of these levels.
　At the level of the real name, family relationships are recognized. There are two families in the troupe, in addition to individual members.
　Each actor also has a stage name. The stage name reflects the teacher-pupil relationship, which is a psuede-familial one. Seniority and ability determine those who are called “older brother (nisan)” and “Older sister (nesan)”.
　Within each play, new relationships are formed that are different from these at the levels of real and stage names. Parts are divided into the “good guys (tachiyaku)” and the “bad guys (katakiyaku)” and the good never fail to defeat the bad.
　These three levels are distinguished according to time and place. For instance, the name of the character is used on stage, while the stage name is used backstage. However “Nisan-Nesan” relationships are preserved in every day life, which also functions to conceal family relationships from outsiders. Sometime family relationships come into conflict its stage-name relationships.
　Each actor has a reputation for virtuosity in certain type of roles (yakugara) such as lover (nimaime), “good guy (tachiyaku)” etc. Ideally an actor is cast in a role (haiyaku) that matches his strength (yakudokoro), but sometimes this cannot be achieved because of unavoidable factors such as limited personel.

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