The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between coaching style (CS) and community transition vision of advisors in coaching intramural sports activities of junior high school soft tennis club in Hokkaido. A web-based survey was administered, over a one-month period from August to September, 2022. The sample for analysis included 135 advisors (regular and assistant teachers). Five factors were extracted by maximum likelihood promax rotation to analyze the factor structure of CS. The factors were 1) leadership ethics, 2) diversity and dignity, 3) triumphs and skills, 4) equality and 5) educational effects. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted using Ward’s method to classify the groups into four groups. The four groups were named: 1)“competitive sports-oriented,” which emphasizes the improvement of athletic performance; 2) “human development-oriented,” which emphasizes human development and the cultivation of social skills; 3)“lifelong sports-oriented,” which emphasizes educational effects on lifelong sports and QOL; and 4)“activity support,” which emphasizes support for students’ activities. The mean score of each factor was calculated, and an analysis of variance was conducted. The percentage of willingness to participate in the management of community club activities was highest in the competitive sports-oriented group (73.9%) and lowest in the human development-oriented group (41.1%).

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Recently, “away tourism,” which involves travel behavior related to attending away games, has gained attention in Japan. The J. League has highlighted the league’s attractiveness by promoting supplemental tourism activities before and after attending away games. However, most studies have focused on the behavior of home team fans, and little research has been conducted on away spectators in Japan. Understanding the motivations, or pull factors, related to destination characteristics is essential for understanding away spectators’ behavior. This study aimed to examine pull factors for away game attendance between spectators with and without prior away game attendance experience. A questionnaire survey was conducted among Nagoya Grampus fans, resulting in 280 usable responses. For the analysis, respondents who had attended at least one away game in the 2023 season were classified as “spectators with experiences,” while those who had not attended any away games in the 2023 season were classified as “spectators without experiences.” Hotelling’s T² test was then conducted to compare pull factors between these two groups. The results revealed that “popularity of away stadiums” and “attractiveness of destinations surrounding away stadiums” were significantly more important to spectators with experiences than their counterparts. Conversely, “complementary promotional goods for away spectators” and “events at away stadiums” were significantly more important to spectators without experiences than their counterparts. This study highlights the need for tailored management strategies for each type of spectators. For spectators with away game experiences, emphasizing the unique characteristics of stadiums and promoting supplemental tourism activities, in collaboration with the tourism industry, are crucial to further encourage away tourism behavior. On the other hand, for those without away game experiences, introducing events that offer complementary promotional goods for away spectators can be an effective promotion strategy to attract new away spectators.

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Softball is a popular sport among people of all ages. It can also be a cause of life-threatening injuries and sudden illnesses, such as cardiac concussions. Therefore, it is desirable to have nurses with the knowledge and skills to manage injuries and sudden illnesses available at sports venues. In this study, 16 observations were conducted for a single softball team between 2022-2023. The knowledge and skills required for nurses in softball competition were identified based on observations. During the observation period, 34 trauma or sudden illnesses were identified, including heart concussion, head trauma, and heat stroke. Of the 34 illnesses identified, three of the events required first aid. Twenty potentially dangerous events were observed, 40% of which could lead to trauma to spectators. In addition, about 10% of the 54 combined trauma / sudden illness events and potentially dangerous events were due to collisions between players. Risk of heat stroke and insect bites in summer and hypothermia and secondary trauma from strong winds in winter were identified to all the players and spectators. Results suggested the need for first-aid staffing that can respond based on medical knowledge, regardless of the level of softball competition. Nurses are capable of ensuring the safety of injured individuals, and alleviating their pain. The presence of nurses at sports venues facilitates the assessment and management of injuries or sudden illnesses. Thus, nurses are deemed indispensable in promoting a safe and secure environment for softball activities.

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This study investigates the reasons why the J. League regional club Fagiano Okayama has received high praise for its community engagement despite conducting a limited number of hometown activities. Using qualitative research based on interviews, this case study explores the factors behind this phenomenon. Interviews were conducted in 2017 and 2024 with Mr. A, who oversees Fagiano Okayama’s hometown and outreach activities for the Hometown Promotion Department. Regional clubs typically face the challenge of limited resources, which often prevents them from producing a sufficient number of hometown activities. However, the club has carefully nurtured relationships with the community through creative approaches despite the limited number of engagements. Additionally, the club has employed a long-term strategy of adapting its hometown activities to the establishment of soccer culture and the evolving circumstances of the club. The findings of this study may assist in providing valuable insights applicable to other regional clubs.

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The rising proportion of the elderly population will profoundly impact the overall socioeconomic structure, including consumption patterns and consumer attitudes regarding the sports promotion lottery industry. This study examines how changes in the age structure of the customer base affect the sports promotion lottery industry in Japan and China. Sales data of sports lottery and macroeconomic indicators was collected from various regions in Japan and China for the period from 2013 to 2021. STATA, a software commonly used in econometrics, a regression analysis model including the two–way fixed effects model, the Hausman test, and the two-stage least squares method was used for analysis. The analysis revealed that increase in the aging rate negatively impacts sports lottery sales in both Japan and China. Furthermore, by calculating the average GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of Japan and China and conducting a subgroup analysis, results confirmed that regional GDP levels influence sports lottery sales through the aging rate. The data indicated that in regions with progressing aging, there is a higher likelihood of a decline in sports lottery sales. Consequently, it is necessary to develop new target markets and formulate promotional strategies aimed at the elderly. Additionally, revitalizing the regional economy may help maintain or increase the sales of sports lotteries.

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