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Volume 57, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Masato OKAMOTO2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 201-212
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOK-432, a penicillin-killed and lyophilized preparation of a low-virulence strain (Su) of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A), is successfully used as an immunotherapeutic agent in many types of malignancies including oral cancer. Recently, we succeeded in isolating the effective molecule (lipoteichoic acid-related molecule OK-PSA) by affinity chromatography of a butanol extract of OK-432 on CNBr-activated sepharose 4B bound TS-2 monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the interferon-γ-inducing activity of OK-432. In this review, we describe the findings regarding the effect of OK-432 and OK-PSA in enhancing anti-tumor immunity and the molecular mechanism. Our in vitro and in vivo study demonstrated that OK-PSA induced Thl-type cytokines in humans as well as in mice, and elicited antitumor effect in tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, our data indicated that the signaling mediated by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/MD-2 was involved in regulating OK-432/OK-PSA-induced antitumor immunity. It is suggested that OK-PSA is the molecule most responsible for the antitumor effect of OK-432, that TLR4 and MD-2 are certain molecular targets for OK-432 as well as OK-PSA, and that expression of these genes may be a useful marker to discriminate between responders and nonresponders to OK-432-based immunotherapy. In addition, OK-432/OK-PSA induced tumorantigen specific cytotoxic T cells via the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) which are professional antigenpresenting cells. It is strongly suggested that OK-432/OK-PSA may be a useful adjuvant for DC therapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2100K) -
Junichi ISHII, Masashi YAMANE, Junya AOYAGI, Sachiyo MITSUNAGA, Hiroak ...2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 213-218
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDental trauma patients may need to consult not only an oral surgeon, but also various departments of dentistry. The appropriate treatment for dental trauma depends on the type of damage to the teeth and the necessary dental treatment required.
We assessed the characteristics of 600 patients (288 males, 312 females) with traumatized teeth who were treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital during the thirteen-year period from 1993 to 2005. We thus identified 177 cases of luxation, with young people up to their twenties predominating. The most frequent type of luxation was subluxation of the maxilla. We also found 77 cases of crown fractures in patients over 10 years of age. On the other hand, masticatory crown fractures were most frequently found in patients over 50 years of age. In addition, 13 root fractures were observed observed among patients demonstrating a wide age range. Masticatory root fractures as well as crown fractures were most commonly observed in patients older than 50 years of age.
When comparing these results with those of past cases in our experience, a decrease in the number of teeth demonstrating luxation and an increase in the number of crown fractures were respectively observed. In terms of treatment, the percentage of reimplanted teeth has recently increased in cases demonstrating complete luxation (avulation), while crown fractures have recently tended to be mostly commonly treated by extraction. Therefore, the overall prognosis of luxation teeth has improved.View full abstractDownload PDF (3292K) -
Daichi YAMAMOTO2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 219-231
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains many growth factors released from concentrated platelets, and is expected to promote tissue regeneration. The present study investigated the effect of PRP on the healing process of the tooth extraction socket in rats through the histological observation of an activated PRP-soaked atelocollagen group (aPRP group), an atelocollagen group (AC group), and an extraction only group (control group).
The PRP of rats was prepared by using the double spin method; 1st spin, 200×g for 10 minutes followed by 2nd spin, 300×g for 10 minutes, yielding a platelet concentration of 6.24 times. It was confirmed by ELISA that TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB were released abundantly by activation of this PRP.
In all three groups, new bone was started forming from the mesial and distal socket wall in the bottom of the socket. In the control group, new bone was formed adding to the socket wall, but in the AC group and the aPRP group, new bone was formed along the atelocollagen.
Throughout the test period, absorption of atelocollagen and osteogenesis was more conspicuous in the aPRP group than in the AC group. On day 21, in the aPRP group, atelocollagen remained in the tooth extraction socket, but new bone was formed at the top of the socket at the same level as in the control group.
It is suggested that atelocollagen inserted in the extraction socket of rats delayed new bone formation, and activated PRP promotes the delayed formation of new bone to an extent similar to that as if nothing was inserted.View full abstractDownload PDF (5891K) -
Takashi UESUGI, Takeshi SHIMIZU, Taketo SAKURAI, Toshio YOKOBAYASHI2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 232-238
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe conducted a clinico-statistical analysis of patients who had supernumerary teeth in the lower third molar region, and visited the Nagano Red Cross Hospital from October 1983 to September 2006. We compared our cases with other Japanese cases reported from 1982 to 2006. In our 15 cases, the male to female ratio was 1:1.5, and the most frequently associated generation was the 20's. The same results were obtained in other Japanese cases. One (6.7%) of our cases and 7 (26.9%) of other reported Japanese cases had more than three supernumerary teeth. The frequencies of impaction, normal appearance and fusion with adjacent third molar teeth in the teeth of ourcases were 100% (16/16), 62.5% (10/16) and 25.0% (4/16), respectively. Those of other Japanese cases were 93.1% (27/29), 80.0% (6/20), and 22.6% (7/31), respectively. We found that supernumerary teeth in the lower third molar region occurred in female more than males and typically showed impaction and a normal appearance. We also report a rare case of a 45-year-old female with dentigerous cyst arising from a supernumerary tooth in the left lower third molar region.View full abstractDownload PDF (2760K) -
Masafumi MORIYAMA, Yasuharu TAKENOSHITA, Yukiko OHYAMA, Ryosuke MATSUK ...2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 239-244
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRemoval of the mandibular third molar is one of the most common operations performed by oral surgeons. Many studies have been performed on postoperative complications of the operation, such as dry socket, hypoesthesia of the lower lip and tongue, and primary infection, but not on secondary infection. In this study, we examined possible factors involved in the incidence of secondary infection.
A total of 1, 281 mandibular third molars were extracted at our clinic from 2002 to 2003. There were 16 cases (1.2%) of secondary infection among them. Through a logistic regression analysis, it was found that there was no relation in the incidence of secondary infection to gender of the patients in the cases and years of surgical experience in performing such operations by the doctorsinvolved. In contrast, the incidence of secondary infection was closely associated with the age of the patient, preoperative symptoms, difficulty of extraction, extraction of the contralateral mandibular third molar, and types of methods used to close the surgical wound.
Twelve (75.0%) of the 16 cases of secondary infection healed within 1 month, and 15 (93.7%) healed within 3 months. There was no correlation between time to the incidence from the operation and time to heal after the incidence.
These results might be useful to inform patients about potential complications of mandibular third molar extraction and to prevent the secondary infection.View full abstractDownload PDF (870K) -
Takamasa SHIROZU, Hiroyuki KINOSHITA, Noriko MATSUZAWA, Kensuke NAGANA ...2008 Volume 57 Issue 2 Pages 245-249
Published: March 10, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 31, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCongenital teratomas arising from oral cavities, so called epignathus, are a relatively rare malformation. We report a case of multiple intraoral congenital teratomas combined with cleft palate and bifid tongue in monozygotic twins.
A female infant, with a birth weight of 1, 196g, was born in the 29th week of pregnancy by Casesarian operation. Since she had a severe respiratory disorder, intratracheal intubation and resuscitation were performed. The patient visited our department because of multiple intraoral masses in the 41st day of her life. She had multiple masses in the anterior maxilla, median palate, and tongue region, combined with atongue. Since she could not breath 4th month day of life, a tracheostomy under general anesthesia. We performed biopsy of an anterior maxilla mass and of a median palate mass. The pathological immature structure of the tooth for and normal skin and subcutaneous structure palate mass.View full abstractDownload PDF (2959K)
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