巻号一覧
65 巻 (2016)
- 4 号 p. 299-
- 3 号 p. 227-
- 2 号 p. 81-
- 1 号 p. 1-
65 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の7件中1～7を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
特別企画記事
-
宮崎 紳一郎2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 299-303
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありPDF形式でダウンロード (1794K) -
―最近の進歩―宇野 隆2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 304-308
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありRadiation therapy is one of the three major cancer treatment methods. Patients could achieve tumor control with possible organ and its functional preservation. The treatment procedure is minimally invasive, and can be delivered for most cancer patients without deteriorating the quality of life. The role of radiation therapy for various malignant diseases is evolving in Japan, and the number of patients who receive radiation therapy has become three times as much as compared with 20 years ago. A clinically used dose-fractionation schedule is based on radiobiological consideration. Recently, high precision radiation therapy techniques such as image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and image-guided brachytherapy (IGBT) have been introduced into clinical practice supported by technological innovation in diagnostic radiology. In this review, the outlook of modern radiation therapy including a general perspective, biological basis of fractionation, up-to-date technologies such as IGRT and IMRT are described.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (855K)
総説
-
池邉 哲郎2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 309-319
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありLike Darwin’s theory of the struggle for existence, cells in a tissue compete among each other for survival, and the cells with higher fitness overcome those with lower fitness, which is called “cell competition”. In cell competition, winner cells proliferate and loser cells die mainly through apoptosis. Morata and Ripoll (1975) reported that Drosophila cells with heterozygotes of a mutated gene of Minutes, a ribosomal protein, Minutes ＋/－, were excluded by cell death in a culture with normal cells, Minutes －/－, in which cell competition was thought to occur between Minutes ＋/－ and normal cells. In cell competition, several molecules have been found to discriminate between winners and losers. For example, the cells expressing higher level of myc strongly exclude the neighboring cells; the strong winner is called a “super-competitor”. Many studies have revealed that winner cells transmit signals to loser cells through soluble factors or cell-cell contact, leading the loser cells to cell death. Cell competition is associated with tumorigenesis as well as tumor suppression. Atypical mutated cells occurring in a tissue may be excluded by normal cells through cell competition. On the other hand, atypical cells, which acquire higher ability to grow, dominate in tissue by overcoming normal cells, which may be involved in “field cancerization”. Reviewing these articles, cell competition is expected to play a role in the pathology of some oral diseases.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1340K)
原著
-
後藤 明彦, 島田 拓矢, 角田 定信, 古田 浩史, 足立 守安2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 320-323
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありThere is a high incidence of pneumonia after esophageal cancer surgery, and development of recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis is a risk factor for postoperative pneumonia. Oral care can help prevent development of pneumonia during the early postoperative period after esophageal cancer surgery. We studied the relationship of oral care and incidence of postoperative pneumonia in 86 patients (77 males and 9 females aged 40 to 83 years, mean age: 64.0 years) who underwent right thoracolaparotomy for esophageal cancer in our Department of Surgery from January 2007 to December 2009. Pneumonia developed postoperatively in 6 of 25 patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and in 4 of 61 patients without it, this difference in incidence being statistically significant (p value＝0.022). Postoperative pneumonia developed in 6 of 17 patients with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis who did not receive oral care, but in none of the 8 patients who did. These findings suggest that recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after esophageal cancer surgery is indeed a risk factor for development of postoperative pneumonia, and that this can be reduced by oral care.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (297K) -
―多施設共同後ろ向き研究による検証―五月女 さき子, 船原 まどか, 於保 孝彦, 山田 慎一, 栗田 浩, 山内 千佳, 渋谷 恭之, 兒島 由佳, 長谷川 巧実, 古森 孝 ...2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 324-329
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありPostoperative pneumonia is a frequent and possibly fatal complication of esophagectomy, and is likely caused by aspiration of oropharyngeal fluid that contains pathogenic microorganisms. The Japan Study Group of Co-operative Dentistry with Medicine (JCDM) conducted a multicenter retrospective study to investigate the preventive effect of perioperative oral management on postoperative pneumonia among patients with esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy.
A total of 383 patients underwent esophagectomy at six university hospitals. These patients were divided into patients who received perioperative oral management from dentists and dental hygienists (oral care group, n＝234) and patients who did not receive preoperative oral care (control group, n＝149). The distribution into the two groups was not random but historical. We evaluated the correlations between the occurrence of postoperative pneumonia and 18 predictive variables (patient factors, tumor factors, treatment factors, postoperative dysphagia, and preoperative oral care) using Fisher’s exact test and Logistic regression analysis.
Smoking habit, postoperative dysphagia, and absence of perioperative oral management were significantly correlated with postoperative pneumonia in the univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis revealed that diabetes, postoperative dysphagia, and the absence of perioperative oral management were independent risk factors for postoperative pneumonia.
These findings show that perioperative oral management may be an effective and easy method to prevent postoperative pneumonia in patients who are undergoing esophagectomy.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (318K)
症例報告
-
肥田 智香子, 山縣 憲司, 三上 拓朗, 内田 文彦, 菅野 直美, 武川 寛樹2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 330-335
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありHere we report two cases in which treatment was necessary for infusion reaction (IR) to cetuximab in oral cancer patients. The first patient was a 64-year-old man with a diagnosis of mandibular gingiva squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (T4bN2bM0). Cetuximab (Cmab) was administered after premedication with dexamethasone and chlorpheniramine. 20 minutes after the start of Cmab administration with dyspnea, low blood pressure (BP) at 54/33mmHg, low oxygen saturation (SpO2) at 89%, and bradycardia with the heart rate at 39 beats per minute. Cmab was discontinued and the patient was treated with volume expansion, oxygen, intravenous hydrocortisone, and chlorpheniramine. The IR symptoms improved 60 minutes after administration of Cmab. The second patient was a 71-year-old man with a diagnosis of SCC on the floor of the mouth (T4aN2cM0). A Grade 3 IR occurred 15 minutes after the start of Cmab administration. The patient experienced dyspnea and physical examination indicated SpO2 decreasing to 68% and low BP at 78/63mmHg. Cmab was discontinued and the patient was treated with volume expansion, oxygen, and administration of epinephrine, hydrocortisone, and chlorpheniramine. IR symptoms improved 70 minutes after administration of Cmab.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (629K)
地方部会
-
2016 年 65 巻 4 号 p. 336
発行日: 2016年
公開日: 2016/12/12
ジャーナル 認証ありPDF形式でダウンロード (415K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|