巻号一覧
20 巻, 12 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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新村 大三郎1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1039-1043
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn an exhibition, judgment of the quality of manufactured fishery products is carried on by the human senses. The more the senses are well trained, the more their sensibilily will be higher, but nevertheless discrepancies about the judgment by individual person will be obliged to occur by various factors. This is the very reason why the results between professional judges in an exhibition may well be said doubtful. Therefore it is necessary that certain tests will be conducted by statistical methods about whether the judges' judgments are in good agreement with each other.
In November, 1953 there was held in Japan the sixth national Kamaboko exhibition, where judgment of Kamaboko presented was made by ten judges. It was confirmed by statistical methods that the judgment of judges at the exhibition were well consistent with each other.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (303K) -
児島 俊平1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1044-1049
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe dorado, Coryphaena Lippurus LINNÉ, a blue water fish, migrates to Japan sea during Spring Summer season with prevalence of the Tsushima current, a warm one, and supports an important fishery in the sea.
Neverthless few ecological studies have been carried out on the fish.
Hence the presnt writer has made an ecological analysis on the fish migrating off Shimane Prefecture.
The results arrived at are as follows:-
(1) The fish seem to run along 18-19°C line, and to inhabit the waters of above 31.0‰ in salinity (Figs 1-5, Table 1-a, b).
(2) Decrease of the catch in Summer season from middle of July to early August appears to be due to the effect of low salinity water mass happened in East China Sea region in rainy sea-son of the region and coming to the fishing grounds of the fish. Also the amount of the catch seems to be influenced by the water color of 0-10m layer (Figs 6-7).
(3) Good catch may be appeared in a cyclic period of 3 or 7 years corresponding to top year of prevalence of the Tsushima current (Table II, Fig. 8)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (401K) -
上柳 昭治1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1050-1053
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTwo albacores were obtained from the southern waters of Sunda Islands (Indian Ocean) in February, 1953, one with ripe ovaries and the other with nearly ripe ones.
The ova in the ripe ovaries are translucent in formalin and are about 0.8mm. in diameter in average. Embedded in the yolk is a single golden-yellow oil globule, which is about 0.32mm in diameter. These ripe ova are supposed to be spawned soon later. The maturity of the ovaries of the other specimen does not reach the ripe stage; the ova are about 0.6mm. in diameter and are considerably developed.
The season and area of spawning have never been known concerning the albacore distributed in the Indian Ocean. It is now clear from the above findings that the spawing of this fish takes place in February at least in part.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1580K) -
カツオの後期仔魚矢部 博1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1054-1059
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー1. In 1949-1952, 466 collections were made in the Western Pacific Ocean with larva nets. Ten post-larvae, supposedly of Katsuwonus pelamis with the body length 5.1-9.0mm, were obtained from the sea near Mariana and East Caroline Islands, the Kurosio Current near Japan, and the sea south-east of Okinawa.
2. The transparent specimens were prepared from these post-larvas by the Hollister method. They were identified as Katsuwonus pelamis by morphological observations especially from the following characteristics. The upper jaw was longer than the lower. They had 42 myotomes. There were 2 rows of bony spines on the surface of preoperculum; they consisted of 3 small bony spines on the front row and 7 larger ones on the rear row in the case of the larva with the body length 9.0mm. The head-top, operculum, tip of the lower jaw, and peritoneum of the abdominal sac were pigmented with scattered, small black chromatophores. Th??re were characteristic small black spots on the ventral midline immediately anterior to the caudal peduncle (nearly on the 35th myotome) and on the rear portion of the hypural bone.
3. It was presumed from the appearance of post-larvae and young fish that this fish made spawning and growth in a wide range from the east to the west in tropical and subtropical zones. In the sea near Japan a small number of the post-larvae were obtained from the Kurosio Current. However it was asummed from the state of maturation of the eggs in the ovary that the spawning was made only rarely in the southern sea of Okinawa.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (471K) -
窪田 三郎1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1060-1062
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA case of leiomyoma was found in rainbow trout obtained from the Experimental Station of Trout Culture of Samegai, in Shiga Prefecture, in January 1953. This fish was fixed in aq. soln. of ca. 10% formalin, and was observed histopathologically.
The tumour situated on the lower jaw of oral cavity, something columner protuberance in shape, measured 4.0cm. long, 4.6cm. broad, and 3.7cm. high. It was composed with twelve polypes developed from a subserosa between oral epithelium and ceratohyal bone. The bite by upper jaw teeth was penetrated certain aquatic mildew. The cut su face at the middle part was shown the revolutions of smooth muscular tissue being light pincish white in colour, and seemed to be hardier than normal elastic tissue.
Micro-scopic structure of this tumour consisted of a large mount of well-defferentiated leiomyofibres, forming revolutions as myomatous nodles, together with myomatous germ cells. Polypes were en-capsulated, and we e relatively poor in vascular supply, but rich in fibrous stroma.
Regressive proceises were little, but the the various kinds of degeneration in hyalin-, fat-, and other substances were found.
As mentioned above, this tumour was named “leiomyoma”.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1176K) -
藤田 正, 松原 孝之, 広川 泰子, 荒木 文雄1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1063-1065
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe oyster culture in Hiroshima Bay have been damaged in high mortality in summer recently. The present authors reported in the previous paper on the histo-pathological findings of these dead oysters, the exsitence of inflammatory changes in their tissues.
These changes are commonly found on the diseased oysters at various places in Japan, and are classified into two forms, the exsudative form and the nodular one. The former is found either at the earlier stage of disease or in the oysters with some resistance. The bacillus which shows special pigment corpuscle at both end and either Gram positive or negative type are found by the Gram staining, and especially there are many bacillus in the tubercle. These tubercles are in the connective tissue around the intestinal canal. So, inflammation may be caused from the intestinal canal or by external injury.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (291K) -
竹内 卓三, 松原 孝之, 広川 泰子, 築山 明1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1066-1070
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to study the causes of unusually high mortality of the oyster, the authors attempted the bacteriological examination on the isolated bacteria from oyster in Hiroshima Bay.
The results were as follows.
1) More bacterial population was cultured from normal oyster in the season of high temperature than thaf of the low temperature, and also at room temperature thin at 37°C.
2) Cultured at 37°C, the bacteria were more numerously detected from the dead oyster than the normal one.
On the other hand, in the cultures at room temperature, there was no difference between them.
3) The two strains isolated by anaerobic cultivation from the dead oyster, were pathogenic on normal oyster and demonstrated in those cases the same pathological features as shown in the abnormally dead oyster in natural state.
Those strains were identified to belong to the Achromobacter genus.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (410K) -
浅海用新型Penetrometer古川 厚1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1071-1075
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn many ecological studies of the burrowing fauna and the problems of dredge fisheries the quantitative information of hardness or depth of the marine soil in shallow waters is required.
The present author designed a new penetrometer for this purpose, taking into consideration (i) low cost, (ii) simplicity of operation, (iii) rapidity in measurement regardless of sea depth and (iv) Applicability undto tough field conditions.
Fig. 1 shows the structural details of the new designed penetrometer. It may be divided into 3 parts as follows: the penetrative portion, slider or depth-measuring-portion and holding portion. The apparatus is 7.4kg. in weight (5.5kg. in water), and about 127cm. long.
The results of the hardness measurements are shown in Table 1. A tendency of considerable dispersion of values of penetration is seen where the penetrating value is as shallow as about 30cm., but in the range from 40cm. to 80cm. the replication error at one station is very small.
Falling spead in water range of 10-40m. depth was to be almost constant in 1.62m./sec. as shown in Fig. 2, so the values of penetration can be observed directly compared.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (318K) -
海水中に於ける特殊な銅細菌の存在と分布多賀 信夫1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1076-1080
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper, the author reported on the depressing effect of copper sulfate upon the development of marine bacterial community, and then he described the existence of the bacteria tolerated fairly well against copper. The present report gives a preliminary survey on the occurrence and distribution of the specific “copper bacteria” that have a difinite affinity for copper in the sea water. The results of the investigation are summerized as follows:
(1) The specific “copper bacteria” that develop as the red-brown colonies on the WAKSMAN's copper medium, are detected always in the sea water and in the surface slime films on glass slides submerged in the sea at Aburatsubo Bay. General characteristics of the bacteria are the same as WAKSMAN's observation (1943).
(2) The amounts of “copper bacteria” vary with the fluctuation of total bacterial population in sea water (Fig. 1). And the vertical distribution of the “copper bacteria” is not same in the depths or seasons (Table. 1).
(3) When the glass slides are submerged in the sea for abont two weeks, so many “copper bacteria” are frequently detected in the slime films attached on the glass slides (Table. 2).
(4) The relative amounts of “copper bacteria” in the sea are different from place to place: in general, they seem to distribute widely in the sea water of the oceanic region, while they scarcely distribute in the sea wafer of the coastal region where the land drainages or river stresms affect strongly (Table. 3, 4).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (374K) -
パルプ廃液の酸添加処理限度並びに放流についての具体的考察河辺 克巳, 富山 哲夫1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1081-1085
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to estimate appropriate volume of the waste to be treated, determination has been made of the volume and concentration of the original waste liquor from the digester of 1.5 tons capacity for knot or chips and of the washing from diffuser.
Based on a minimum concentration that brings about a dark coloration in Carassius auratus, it has roughly been estimated that 1.4 tons out of 3.1 tons of the original waste should be subject to the acid treatment, provided that about 1.3 tons of the original waste be used for conglomerating briquet. Approximate amount of hydrochloric acid needed for the treatment was calculated to be 24 liters of 38 per cent hydrochloric acid when 1.4 tons of waste liquor from one batch of digestion be reused for cooking the used paper and straw.
It has been shown that precipitated poisonous ingredients of the waste could not be extracted with hot water and that the suspension of the precipitate gave as much harmfulness as the original waste. It follows, accordingly, that when the waste be discharged without filtration after the acid-treatment, the precipitate deposited over the drainage-basin would give some harmful effect on aquatic organisms.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (339K) -
製紙工場の漂白廃液について河辺 克己, 富山 哲夫1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1086-1088
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt has well been known, that the harmful effect of paper mill waste on aquatic organisms is mainly due to its active chlorine in the effluent. Estimations, accordingly, have been made of decrease in the active chlorine in the effluent from the beater, in sediment of bleaching liquor tank, and also in effluent from the factory.
It has been found that 90 per cent of the active chlorine added into the beater was consumed, within one hour, 5-20ppm being present in the effluent from the beater. Since this amount was further decreased to below 1ppm after mixing with alkaline pulp-waste liquor, it can be concluded that pollution by the residual chlorine from the beater will not be of a serious nature. However, the sediment in the bleaching liquor tank has usually been discharged without treatment which resulted in a sudden increase in active chlorine in the effluent from the factory. The present data show that the active chlorine in the sediment can be removed by mixing it with the acid-treated pulp-waste liquor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (245K) -
丸一 禎蔵1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1089-1091
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn out-door drying of fishes, we are often suffered from the attacks of flies in the warm season. We have, however, few reports in this connection. The author studied the change of the number of the attached flies according to the height of the drying position, and obtained the following results:——
1. The change of the number, n, of the attached flies according to the height, h (meter), may be given by n=noe-0.2956h, n0 being the number of flies at the ground.
2. The number of the attached flies is larger in the afternoon than in the morning.
3. The number of the attached flies and the atomospheric pressure may have some positive correlation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (172K) -
土屋 靖彦, 鈴木 芳夫1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1092-1098
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper, we have reported that several free amino acids, as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, threonine, and alanine, occur in the laver, Porphyra tenera. Besides the above acids, asparagine was newly found as shown in Table 2. Various kinds of laver are analysed of their total nitrogen, extractable nitrogen, its amino acid nitrogen, alanine, and glycine. The results are given in Table 3. It is suggested that glutamic acid, glycine, and alanine are nicely tasty ingredients and especially alanine is a main sweet one in the layer. The amounts of these amino acids vary with season and attain to the maxima in January as shown in Fig. 2.
From Fig. 1, it is proved that the amount of total nitrogen is positively correlative to the quantity of alanine and glycine.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
フラン誘導体並に既知防腐剤の殺菌力比較試験鉄本 総吾, 興津 知明, 福田 正彦1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1099-1104
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the present report, bactericidal effect of nitrofuran derivatives is examined as compared with some chemicals already used for food preservative such as P-hydroxy butyl benzoate, salicylic acid. Nitrofuran compounds are found more effective in low concentration than usual focd preservatives and upon the bases of these observations, method of application of the compound for fish and fish products is also discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (647K) -
松本 重一郎, 石野 芳雄, 新井 とみ子1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1105-1109
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe content of the acidic amino-acids has much importance upon the physico-chemical proper-ties of the protein because the number of the anionic groups depends largely on the content of the acidic residues. The present report describes the paper-chromatographic method for determining the acidic amino-acid contents, some critical experiments on its details, and the discussion of the results obtained by the application of this method to some proteins.
The hydrolized samples are put on a horizontal starting line on a filter paper, side by side with the known quantities of the acidic amino-acid solutions, and the spots are chromatographed upward simultaneously by aqueous phenol, after dried, the paper is sprayed with ninhydrin solution, the coloured spots being developed by heating the filter paper in 90-100°C. atmosphere saturated with steam. The spots of the acidic amino-acids are cut off and the colour of each spot is eluted out with 50% ethanol and evaluated electrophotometrically at 570mμ. The content in the sample solution is obtained by the aid of the standard curves of the known solutions chromato-graphed on the same falter paper.
For coloration of the spots, the a reasonable period of heating was 7.5-10 minutes (Fig. 1); the colour increased linearly with the quantity of the ammo-acids between 10-60μg. per spot (Fig. 2) ; the mean recovery, including from the hydrolysis to the last process of the method, was 96.5% for aspartic acid, and 100.9% for glutamic acid respectively. The values obtained by analyzing gelatin by the present method were in good agreement with the data reported previously (Table 1). However, the values of glutamic acid in the muscle preparations of some marine animals were slightly higher than those of the same preparations obtained with microbiologicalassay by SUGIMURA et al. (Tables 2 & 3).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (370K) -
サメ皮の膨潤について(其の二)高橋 豊雄1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1110-1117
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper1) it was reported that the shark skin in an acid solution swelled much more than the cattle hide. The present work deals particularly with the prevention of swelling and decomposition of the shark skin in the acid solution; the shark skin swelling in an alkaline solution and the effect of liming on the swelling in the acid solution were also studied.
(1) Swelling and dissolution of the shark skin in an acid solution (pH 2) containing NaC1 decreased with increasing amounts of NaC1. In the presence of NaC1 of concentration higher than 2%, the skin showed the same extent of swelling as in water, and a small amount of soluble nitrogen (1.3% of total nitrogen of the skin) was detected.
(2) In the shark skin pretreated for 24 hours with more than 0.2% formaldehyde solution 20 volumes of the skin, the swelling degree did not increase in the acid solution.
(3) Stability of shark skin in about 10% HC1 solution was greatly increased by employing above 4% NaC1 in the acid solution or treating the skin with above 0.06 % formaldehyde solution, while a considerable amount of soluble nitrogen (2.5% of total nitrogen of the skin with the formaldehyde treatment and 6-8% with the NaC1 addition) was determined.
(4) No definite effect of liming on the swelling of shark skin in the acid solution was observed.
(5) In Ca(OH)2 solution, the swelling started to increase when PH values reached 9-10, the maximum swelling being observed at a pH value of about 11.5. In NaOH solution, the swelling abruptly increased at a pH value of about 11. The skin swelled in NaOH solution much more than in Ca(OH)2 solution with the same pH values of above 11.
1) TAKAHASHI: Bul. Jap. Soc, Sci. Fish., 19, 1203 (1954).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (693K) -
濃塩酸によるサメ植物タンニン鞣革の品質低下高橋 豊雄1955 年 20 巻 12 号 p. 1118-1124
発行日: 1955年
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDegeneration of the vegetable tanned shark leather which occurs when treated by HC1 for the purpose of removing the placoid scales, an obstacle if remained on the leather has been studied along with other behaviors of the products, The results obtained are shown in Tables 1-5 and can be summarized as follows.
(1) Treating the vegetable tanned leather of shark with concentrated HCl (about 10%) at 40-50°C. for 30 mins. did not always affect the appearance of the leather, while invariably decreased the hydrothermal shrinkage temperatuer (Ts) to some extent. The lowering of Ts varied depending on the conditions of tannage and HCl-treatment (Tables 1-3).
(2) For removal of the placoid scales, NaCl is usually added to the HC1 solution at shark leather tanneries so as to increase stability of the leather. But, in the present work, the preventive action of NaCl on the lowering of Ts of the leather due to HCl was not observed.
(3) When the leather was neutralized after treating with concentrated HCl and retanned for a short period, increases both in the Ts and in combined tannin of the leather were found rather remarkable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (534K)
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