巻号一覧
20 巻, 2 号
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ブリの漁況と氣象要因との関係三谷 文夫1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 89-95
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the present paper the relation between the amount of the catch of the yellow-tail (Seriola quinqueradiata) and the meteorological factors, such as atmospheric pressure, direction and velocity of wind and air temperature, is statistically analysed by using the data of the catch, basing on the daily records during the last three years (Oct., 1950 to Jan., 1953), of the five trap nets from the fishing grounds, Tai, Naryu, Ine and Niizaki, all located on the coast of Kyoto Prefecture in the western rigion of Wakasa Bay. The fishing of the yellow-tail at these grounds lasts from the end of October to the end of January of the next year, its catch being especially abundant from the middle of December to the beginning of January.
The results obtained are as follows: ??
1) The mximum catch during the period of several days before and after the atmospheric depression over the fishing ground, was found to be two days before and after the day when the atmospheric depression hit the fishing ground (Table 2).
2) When the north-west wind blew, tendency was that the catch increased on the next day. The north-east wind also brought a pretty desirable result as well (Table 3).
3) When the wind had a velocity of over 7 (13.4m/sec) in BEUFORT's wind-classes, the catch obviously increased the next day (Table 4).
4) When air temperature had fallen lower than on the previous day, tendency was that the catch generally increased on the very day (Table 5).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (518K) -
Sueo M. SHINO1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 96-100
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe new Caligid Copepod which forms the object of this short report was discovered on the body surface of the fish, Myxocephalus raninus J. & S. at Tosima, Hokkaidoô, by Dr. M. WATANABE of the Research Institute for Natural Resorces in Tôkyô, and was kindly submitted me for examination. Before entering the description, I wish to express my hearty thanks for the frendliness of the named author. The species will be called Lepeophtheirus watabanei n. sp. after his name.*抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
Ca45によるイケテフガイのCa代謝堀口 吉重, 三宅 正人, 吉井 義一, 岡田 彌一郎, 井上 義雄, 宮村 光武1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 101-106
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify the mechanism of the shell and pearl formations, we carried out the measurement of the metabolism of Ca in Hyriopsis schlegelii (v. MARTENS) using Ca45 as the tracer.
Accumulation Experiments: the shellfishes were immersed in the culture solution containing Ca45 for 5, 30 min. and 1, 2, 5, 7, 10 hr. respectively, and then washed thoroughly. After being dissected into mantle edge, mantle, gill, foot, liver, retrcator muscle, digestive and other organs, and gonad, they were laid in ashes to be measured in the radio-activities with Geigr-Mueller counter.
Disappearance Experiments: after being immersed in the culture solution containig Ca45 for 5 min. the shellfishes were transferred into nonradioactive water; after 2, 14, 40, 60 hr., they were respectively taken up for the measurement of the disappearance. The deposition of Ca45 on the shell of the shellfishes used for the accumulation experiments was also measured.
The Results: the accumulation of Ca45 (Fig. 1 a and b.) was carried on chiefly in the gill and mantle; of the total Ca45 given for 5 hr., 31% was accumulated in the gill, 41% in the whole mantle, 12% in the digestive organs and 16% in the other organs. The disappearance was carried on mainly by the mantle; of the whole amount of Ca45 disappeared for 12 hr. 65% was discharged by the whole mantle. The deposition of Ca45 on the shell was started 2 hr. later the initial accumulation.
From these results, it is concluded that the main organs for the accumulation of Ca45 are the gill and mantle, and the main organ for discharge is the mantle, the 'edge' of which is especially active.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (413K) -
辻井 禎, 吉井 義一, 岡田 彌一郎, 井上 義雄, 宮村 光武1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 107-111
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to understand the mechanism of the shell-and pearl formation, the distribution of P32 and Ca45 was observed in the mantle of the pearl oyster, Pteria (Pinctada) martensii (DUNKER), through radioautography.
For the study of localization of P32 and Ca45, each 20 specimens were placed in aquarium to which P32 or Ca45 were added. After specimens were breeded in P32 or Ca45 added sea water for periods ranging from two to ten hours, they were placed in the sea water which isotope was not added and then they were washed.
The localization of P32 in the mantle is illustrated in Fig. 1A, 2 and 3. Fig. 1A shows that P32 is distributed in the periphery of the mantle. Examination of Fig. 2 and 3 which is a photograph of the periphery of the mantle taken at higher magnification, shows that P32 is localized basophilic gland in the mantle.
Table 1. shows the distribution of P32 in each position of the mantle.
Fig. 4A shows the localization of Ca45 in the periphery of the mantle, radioautograph of the tissue section of the mantle will be published in near future.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1996K) -
アサクサノリの窒素・燐含有量に影響する環境要因に就いて岩崎 英雄, 松平 近義1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 112-119
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn a previous paper, we have reported on environmental characteristics of cultural grounds of a laver, Porphyra tenera Kjellman in Matsushima Bay. The present work carried out to make clear the environmental factors affecting upon the production of laver at Matsukawa-Ura Inlet from October in 1952 to March in 1953 is a comparative study with the preceeding work at Matsushima Bay. The results are summarized as follows:
1. The inlet water was remarkably interchanged with Sendai Bay water by tidal currents. The quantities of water of all inflowing rivers into this inlet were so small that the most part of the inlet except small areas lccated near river mouth was chiefly occupied by the water with nearly equal salinity to Sendai Bay water. Therefore, the cultural grounds would always be exposed to the outside waters of the inlet.
2. Though the contents of nutrient salts in Sendai Bay water were generally poor, the nutrient supplies during the cultural season from autumn to early spring were relatively abundant owing to nutrient rich water of Oyashio which had sometimes inflowed to Sendai Bay. Therefore, it seems reasonable to suppose that the production of laver in this inlet may be attributed to the inflow of Oyashio.
3. According to chemical analysis of laver, the nitrogen contents fluctuated from 1.93 to 6.52 in per cent of dry weight and the phosphorus contents were 0.237±0.057 in per cent of dry weight. The low values and the small variation of phosphorus contents suggest that the necessary amount of phosphorus to support the growth of laver is about 0.2 per cent of dry weight of laver. On the other hand, N:P ratio had considerable variance, showing the values between 7.2 and 28.2. The change in N:P ratio was chiefly due to the fluctuation of nitrogen contents. The nitrogen contents of the samples collected after January were almost below 3 per cent of dry weight. This low value seems to be the results of insufficient supply in nitrogenous nutrients.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (403K) -
海洋中に存在する好気性纎維素分解細菌について(その2)門田 元1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 120-124
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper reports an ecological work undertaken to provide experimental evidence concerning the distribution of cellulose-decomposing bacteria belonging to genus Cytophaga in sea water, in bottom sediments, and on fishing nets submerged in the sea.
Population counts were made, by means of the poured-plate method, of total population of aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria and numbers of Cytophagas in marine materials from Maizuru Bay,
As the media for plate counts, a weak agar gel containing inorganic nutrient salts and precipitated cellulose was employed.
Results obtained are as shown in Tables 1 and 2, and may be summarized as follows:
1) Cellulose-decomposing bacteria belonging to gems Cytophaga were widey distributed in water and mud of Maizuru Bay. In such marine materials Cytophagas constituted from 0 to 33.3% of the total number of aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria,
2) The minimum populations of Cytophagas were found in water containing the minimum populations of plankton.
This result suggests that there may be a certain relation between the total number of planktons and the populations of Cytophagas in water samples. Since planktons provide solid surfaces for attachment, it is not surprising that the abundance of Cytophagas is closely related so the abundance of plankton. It is already known that aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria belonging to the order Eubacteriales are able to develop in free-floating condition in liquid media, but most representatives of the order Myxobacteriales grow almost exclusively on submerged surfaces.
3) In the samples of fishing nets submerged in the sea Cytophagas constituted from 22.2 to 40.5% of the total number of aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria.
This result indicates that Cytophagas develop more excellently on submerged surfaces such as fishing nets than in free-floating condition it the sea.
Dur to the tenacious attachment property and cellulose-decomposing ability Cytophagas may play an important role in the deterioration of fishing nets submerged in the sea.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
海洋性Cytophaga属纎維素分解細菌の分類について門田 元1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 125-129
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present study is concerned with the taxonomy of marine cellulose-decomposing bacteria belonging to genus Cytophaga.
A large number of crude cultures of marine cellulose-decomposing Cytophaga obtained from sea water, bottom mud, or fishing nets submerged in Maizuru Bay, were parely isolated by plating procedure.
These isolated bacteria were differentiated to two species and one variety after detailed taxonomical studies.
Of these, one species and one variety did not appear to have been described previously, the names Cytophaga rosea nov. sp. and Cytophaga haloflava var. nonreductans nov. var. were proposed. The remaining one species was Cytophaga haloflava which have already been described by the author in part III.
Characteristics of Cytophaga rosea nov. sp. and Cytophaga haloflava nonredvctans nov. var. were described.
By use of the primary characters listed, a new key to all known species of genus Cytophaga has been constructed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (260K) -
漁撈後格納貯藏中の漁網綿糸の腐蝕に関與する纎維素分解細菌について(その2)門田 元1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 130-132
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーChanges in flora of marine cellulose-decomposing bacteria occurring in fishing nets during storage after fishing were observed in the present study.
The samples of fishing nets used for the bacteriological tests were stored for desired periods, under dry condition, after fishing.
The relative number of survived cells of two main groups of marine aerobic cellulose-decomposing bacteria (Cytophagas and eubacteria) occurring in each sample was counted by means of the plating procedure.
The results obtained are given in Table 1.
Table I shows that in fishing nets, under dry condition, the surviving period of the marine cellulose-decomposing Cytophagas is longer than that of marine cellulose-decomposing eubacteria.
This result suggests that the marine cellulose-decomposing Cytophagas may play an important role in the eterioration of fishing nets during storage after fishing, due to their comparatively high resist nce to drying.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (155K) -
石井 一美, 小泉 孝1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 133-135
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe 2/4 and 3/6 netting cords were made with woolon yarns of 200D(×85 filaments), and the diameter, the shrinkage and the tensile strength were measured. (Fig. 1, 2 and 3)抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (76K) -
色素の分別について向井 克憲1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 136-139
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe pigments of discolored whale oil, which have adsorbed on Japanese acid clay and washed with petroleum ether to remove the oil fraction, extracted with organic solvents such as ether, methyl- and ethyl-alcohol, acetone, chloroform, benzene etc., and subsequently with 3%, aqueous alkali solution for the purpose of separating them to each other.
By the qualitative test and paper chromatography iron has detected on all of these separated pigments, and the author ascertained that the iron is derived from the blood of the raw materials.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (263K) -
魚体カタラーゼの測定法福田 博業1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 140-146
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTen grams of fish liver were homogenized and made up to 100cc. with either 0.01M phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) or distilled water. It was kept in ice-box for 30 minutes and. centrifuged. The extracted solution was used for the determination with or without dilution, diluting liquid being the same as above. Details are given, in Tables 1-6.
Sumner's method answered the purpose well, but one minute interval of pipetting was found. sufficient for the determination, so that pipetting was done at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 minutes instead. of Sumner's original timing at 3, 6, 9 and 12 minutes. (Table 7 and Fig. 1).
The present author proposed to define “catalase intensity” on the basis of the value k against. one gram of fresh tissue, instead of extractive dry matter.
Catalase intensity (Catd. i.)=(kι→0)×n×d
n……Times of extraction
d……Times of dilution抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (388K) -
拮抗及び協同作用に就て北御門 学, 森 閑男1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 147-150
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーQuinone compound reacts with the amino acid or protein, and the reaction may to the cause of its antibiotic action. On the other hand, it was reported that quinone compound reacts with the sulfhydryl compounds and its antibiotic action was reversed by these compounds.
We have studied on the mode of antibiotic action of some quinone compounds, that is vitamin K. The results obtained are as follows :
(1) Sulfhydryl compounds such as cysteine or glutathione reverse the antibiotic action of V. K.
(2) When V. K is used in combination with monoiodoacetic acid, mal ?? ic acid or malonic acid, it exerts an additive effect upon the antibiotic action of these compounds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (218K) -
浅川 末三1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 151-157
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーA. Block, minced, and brayed meat prepared fresh or spoiled fish muscle were compared mutualy to determine the degree of crush for sample meats with the steam distillate method, the results are given in Table 1. In view of the practical treatment, sample meat must be brayed in a mortar.
Often the brayed meat from a complete putrid fish muscle gives a large ratio than its exact value (cf. Table 2), then it must be suspended in the distilate flask liquid. And all titrating alkaline solution can be used in about 0.02N concentration.
B. The preservative conditions of a sample meat in a dilute H2SO4 solution are experimented, the results obtained as follows : -
Taken in 1% H2SO4 sol. 50cc., the sample meat 20g. can be preserved within 1 day at 30°C., 1-2 days at 25°C., 2 days at 20°C., 4-5 days at 15°C., 7-8 days at 10°C., 10-12 days at 5-0°C.
Taken in 5 % H2S04 sol. 25cc. or 50cc., the sample meat 20g. can be preserved within 2-3 days at an ice-box temperature.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (561K) -
ペーパークロマトグラフイによる吟味と判定規準の提案浅川 末三1954 年 20 巻 2 号 p. 158-167
発行日: 1954/06/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe correlation coefficient (γ) between the amount of volatile basic nitrogen and the 2nd distillation ratio shown in Table 1 was -0.83. Moreover volatile fatty acids at the each degree of freshness or spoilage were detected by the paper chromatography as shown in Table 2. Therefore it is convinced that the distillation ratio determines the degree of deterioration of fish meat.
Many teleost fish-meats had been classified their freshness with the auther's sensory tests, and, yet their pH-values, , volatile basic nitrogen amounts, and the 2nd distillation ratios were measured, then the means and the standard deviations of the ratios were calculated as given in Table 3. Accordingly to the results and the auther's experience a new standard scale is proposed to the freshness determinations of fish meats by means of the 2nd distillation ratio (D. R.) as follows:-
D. R. > 130 Excellent freshness 130-100 Freshness 99-90 Inferior freshness 89-80 Early stage of spoilage 79-70 Spoiage < 70 Advanccd stage of spoilage
With this scale it may be belived to apply not only to many kinds of tereost fishes but to shark-fish, ray-fish and cuttle-fish as shown in Tables 5-7.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (821K)
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