巻号一覧
22 巻, 7 号
選択された号の論文の13件中1～13を表示しています
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飯高 勇之助1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 389-392
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs the fourth step in the experimental studies of the purse seine, a series of model experiments was made with the purpose of investigating the timely change of the depth of bottom margin of the net in the course of operation. The model gear and the experimental apparatus were the same as were used in the previous experiments1, 2). For two cases, when it took, (I), 1/2 second (about 2.1 minutes for full scale) and, (II), 1 second (about 4.2 minutes for full scale) after the net had been set into the standing water, the pursing operation was begun mechanically with a speed of 16.5cm./sec.. Then, the transformation of the net in whole course of operation was filmed with a speed of 16 pieces per second (Fig. 1).
As the results of these experiments, the relation between the depth of bottom margin of the net and the time required to attain that stage was obtained as shown in Fig. 2, from which the following facts for full scale of net were presumed;
a. For about 4 minutes (that is the second 1/4 duration of whole time (T) required to the setting and pursing) after the pursing was begun, the bottom margin of fish bag might still continue such a movement of sinking that it had done up to that time.
b. The bottom margin of fish bag may sink to the deepest depth, that is, about 60 meters (40% of the stretched depth (L) of webbing of fish bag) at about 8 minutes (1/2 stage of the whole time) after the setting was begun.
c. If the pursing is begun at 2 minutes (1/8T) after the setting was finished*, the maximum depth to which the bottom margin reaches may increase about 10 meters (7% of L).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (345K) -
田口 喜三郎1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 393-399
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
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尾形 英二1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 400-403
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe injured or dead thalli of Monostroma are rather difficult to distinguish from the normal ones either by naked eye or by microscopic observation. Vital staining with methylene blue, neutral red, toluidine blue or rhodamin B gives also an unsatisfactory result.
Comparing the spectral absorption curves of whole thalli, increased grade of injury is accompanied by lowering of absorbance over the visible range including the specific peaks of chlorophyll and carotene.
Ethanol extracts of such thalli also give changes in spectral absorption nearly in parallel with the thalli themselves.
The treatment of thalli with a tetrazolium salt (TTC) gives a satisfactory result corresponding to the grade of injury of cells.
But it needs to use a rather high concentrated solution of TTC (4mg./cc), to evacuate sufficiently, and to incubate at 30°C. adequately.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1087K) -
尾形 英二1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 404-407
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーTTC reduction by the normal, injured and dead thalli of Porphyra and Monostroma was investigated quantitatively.
Thalli of 0.2g. in fresh wt. was immersed in 2mg./cc. (Porphyra) or 4mg./cc. (Monostroma) solution of TTC under incubation for 1 hour at 30°C. under evacuation. The red pigment, formazan, produced by the reduction was extracted with toluence and the optical density was determined at 490 mμ.
The activity of formazan production declines when the material have previously been exposed to 10-5 or above of CuSO4 for 15 hours. The decline relates significantly with the grade of injury caused by copper.
By naked eye the colour gradation of toluene extracts are also distinguishable.
The said quantitative relation supports the validity of the TTC test for discrimination of injury in Porphyra and Monostroma.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (262K) -
血合ミオグロビン及び血液ヘモグロビンの溶解度松浦 文雄, 橋本 周久1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 408-412
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe solubilities of myoglobins (Mb's) of tuna, Parathunnus sibi and swordfish, Makaira mitsukurii were determined in the phosphate buffer solution of high ionic strength and compared with those of some other Mb's and hemoglobins (Hb's). In the first experiment, solubility determinations were carried out on carbonyl derivatives of these pigments in the phosphate buffer solution of constant pH (6.6) and at constant temperature (20°C.). The results obtained are shown in Fig. 1 and Table 1. It is obvious that the solubilities of Mb's of tuna and swordfish lie between fish or mammalian Hb's on one side and horse Mb (and probably those of beef, dog, etc., as judged from the solubility data on these species and horse Mb's in concentrated ammonium sulfate solution9)) on the other side, rather being nearer to the former. It seems, therefore, that DRABKIN's method of Mb determination2), based on the selective salting-out of Hb in phosphate buffer solution (3 M, pH 6.6, and ?? /2 ca. 6), is not always adaptable in cases of fish. In addition, the solubilities of carbonyl-, reduced-, cyanmet-, and met-Mb of tuna were compared and found to be very close to each other, although met-form is slightly more soluble than the others. Recryst- allization of this pigment effected no appreciable change in the solubility.
The second experiment, performed to study the influence of pH and temperature on the solubility of tuna met-Mb, resulted in some interesting findings (Fig's. 2 A and 2 B). As shown in Fig. 2 A, this Mb has no minimal solubility between pH 7.20 and 6.00 and that was true also between pH 6.20 and 4.54, in spite of the fact that the isoelectric point of this Mb is found between pH 6 and 713)14). This phenomenon is perhaps due to the interaction between the Mb molecule and some of the ionic components of the salt. Fig. 2B shows that this protein has a typical negative temperature coefficient over a wider range of temperature (0°-44°C.), which seems to be one of the relatively rare cases.
Thus fish Mb's proved to be fairly species-specific in respect to solubility, as well as to the other properties previously reported1).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (445K) -
遊離ベタインの定量法清水 亘, 遠藤 金次1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 413-416
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーWe have designed a method for the determination of betaine in muscle extractives using ammonium reineckate. This method is based upon the facts that betaine is precipitated with ammonium reineckate at pH 1, and according to Walker & Erlandsen the precipitate (betaine reineckate) is converted with AgNO3 into betaine nitrate which can be titrated with alkali.
When this method was applied to muscle extractives, certain substances have been proved to interfere the results coprecipitating with betaine by ammonium reineckate and converting with AgN03 into acidic salts which could be titrated with alkali as betaine. Recently it was found by CROMWELL & RENNIE that most of these substances could be effectively removed by treatment with Ag2O. But we have been unable to remove trimethylaminoxide which gave acidic salt with AgNO3 by this method. Then this modified method of CROMWELL & RENNIE was not sufficient to determine betaine in muscle extractives which contained trimethylaminoxide.
Trimethylaminoxide happened to be reduced to trimethylamine which gave no acidic salt, by treating with Cu powder and HCI at 100°C. for 20mins..
We have established the method for the determination of betaine introducing the reducing process. Testing our method for the muscle extractives, we have obtained the 94.7……96.5% of recovery.
The resulting method for determination of betaine is shown as in Fig. 3.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
パカガイ杆昌体の成分(その3)橋本 芳郎, 佐藤 篤司1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 417-419
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
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ハマグリ筋肉低イオン強度抽出部のPaper-Electrophoresisによる分割(続)泳動濾紙による蛋白吸着の除去について馬場 春夫1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 420-423
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous report, paper-electrophoretic fractionation of clam-muscle extracts of low ionic strength have been described, but slowly running fractions overlaped with each other, except some special cases. For this phenomenon seemed to be due to adsorption by filter paper, so pretreatments of the filter paper by dilute ovalbumin solution to prevent the effect was found simplest and best. Then paper-electrophoretic analysis of clam muscle extracts were performed by using pretreated filter paper. These results were shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Table 2. As a result, proteins of clam muscle entracts of low ionic strength were separated into 7 fractions. Papar-electrophoretic diagram changed according to dialysing time of sample, viz, fractions on dialysing for 72 hrs., though it is not clear whether this separation of muscle protein comes from enzymic denaturation of muscle protein, denaturation of mucous protein co-exsisted or others. These results were shown in Fig. 5.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (317K) -
右田 正男, 神名 孝一, 石野 あや子1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 424-428
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIt is attempted to purify “Venerupin”, a poison found in shortneck clam and oyster in Lake Hamana, by using benzoic acid or quinine as an adsorbent. The attempt proved unsuccessful, but afforded new examples of loss of the poison and formation of foreign poison by a chemical treatment.
When benzoic acid was precipitated by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid into a crude “Venerupin” solution containing sodium benzoate, the poison was found only in the supernatant liquid, and loss of the poison and formation of muscarine-like poison were observed (Table 1). On the other hand, when benzoic acid was precipitated by adding saturated solution of benzoic acid in 99% ethanol into the poison solution, the original poison was found without loss in the supernatant liquid, and the toxicity was slightly increased (Table 2). Formation of muscarinelike poison was not observed.
Quinine treatment also caused loss of the poison (Table 3) but not formation of muscarinelike poison.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (405K) -
冷凍メカジキの立塩漬吉原 友吉, 野村 義雄1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 429-432
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe flesh cubes of “Mekajiki”, Xiphias gladius of same size (about 1.53 c. c.) were immersed in salt solutions and kept at fixed temperature as shown in Table 1. Each time before and after curing, weight (w), water content (m) and salt content (s) of each cube were observed, and the dry matter (d) was obtained as a residual part. Sev??ral authors investigated the penetration of salt into the cube and an empirical formula is indicated. But the mechanism of salt penetration is not clear yet. In Figs. 5 and 6 three conponents (m, s, d) are presented on the triangular graph. From them we may recognize that at the beginning of curing when the concentration of salt solution is high, the water content decreases in accordance with the increase of salt content of solution but when the concentration of salt soultion decrease the dry matter flows simultaneously. The effect of difference in curing temperature is clear when Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are compared from which we may know that the decrease of temperature about 30°C corresponds to the difference of 5 percent of concentration of salt solution.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (254K) -
右田 正男, 松本 重一郎, 最首 とみ子1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 433-439
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーDenaturation of muscle proteins during dehydration process of flatfish and squid was studied by following the change of solubility.
In the course of dehydration, pieces of muscles were taken at intervals, extracted, and the salt-extractable proteins (L), the myosins (M), the non-myosins (N=L-M ), and the waterextractable proteins (S) were determined (Figs. 1 ?? 10).
Both in muscles of flatfish and of squid, the salt-extractable proteins and the myosins decreased in parallel to the dehydration (Figs, 3 and 7), but the non-myosins kept a constant level throughout the procedure (Figs. 4 and 8).
The amount of the water-extractable proteins of flatfish showed no change on dehydration, being almost equal to the non-myosins (Fig. 4). In the case of squid, however the water-extractable proteins which originally amounted to 50% of total proteins, suddenly dropped down to 6 ?? 9%, when some 40% of moisture was removed from the muscle (Fig. 9).
The streaming birefringence which was found in the salt-extracts of flatfish and squid, and in the aqueous extracts of squid, failed to be detected in those of dried muscles, by the apparatus used here, while it was observed in the control groups.
It seems most probable that, on dehydration of muscle of flatfish or squid, the myosins are readily denatured, while albumins remain native.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (523K) -
赤変について木俣 正夫, 河合 章1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 440-443
発行日: 1956/11/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrequently, “red-spoiling” occours in “Kamaboko”. This spoiling-red blots are formed on the surface-proceeds prior to the “common-spoilage” taken place. It has been ascertained that “red-spoiling” is caused by the growth of microflora identified a s Serratia marcescens BIZIO.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (304K) -
1956 年 22 巻 7 号 p. 453
発行日: 1956年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (21K)
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