巻号一覧
24 巻, 3 号
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中込 淳1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 165-168
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThere are reports on the morphometric comparison of the yellowfin tuna obtained between the middle and eastern parts of the Indian Oceanl)2), but none is found on the comparison of the specimens taken among the western and other divisions of the Ocean. This paper deals with the investigative results of the Sagamimaru, research boat of the Kanagawa Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station.
The measurements of body parts were compared among four areas in the western part of the Indian Ocean, and also among the western, middle and eastern divisions of the Ocean (Table 1).
The lengths from the tip of snout to insertions of pectoral fin, the lst dorsal fin and ventral fin differ considerably for respective areas, but those from there to insertions of the 2 nd dorsal fin and anal fin and depths do not differ for respective divisions. This means that the anterior parts of the body differ for respective areas.
The anterior body parts of fishes obtained from the middle and eastern divisions of the Indian Ocean are longer, those parts of them taken from the areas W1, W2 and W5 are shorter and those of fishes from the area W4 are median length between the two groups.
The area of W4 is situated in the southern of 3°30'-4°00'S., and more westward than the area of W5 and the areas of W1, W2 and W5 are located in the northern of 1°00'-2°30'..
Accordingly, it may be considered that the anterior body parts of fish, obtained from the middle and eastern divisions of the Indian Ocean, are long, those lengths of fish from the southern of 3°30'-4°00'S., median, and those of fish from the northern of 1°00'-2°30'S., short.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (299K) -
水温垂直分布の季節変化との関係中込 淳1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 169-172
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーData on the swimming layer were quoted from the author's previous report, and those on the vertical distribution of water temperature in the areas B and C (Fig. 1) were obtained from the investigations by the “Sagamimaru”, the former research boat of the Kanagawa Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, the “Nachimaru”, the research boat of the Wakayama Pref. Fish. Exp. Stat. and the “Iwatemaru”, that of the Iwate Pref. Fish. High School.
Records on the surface water temperature and rate-of-catch of black marlin in area A have been obtained from the investigations by the Kanagawa Pref. Fish. Exp. Stat. and the Nankai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory.
Data on the vertival distribution of water temperature and rate-of catch of black marlin in the area of Lat. 10°-30°N., Long. 125°-135°E. were quoted from the report by Ueyanagi10).
The variation of swimming layers of yellowfin tuna and big eyed tuna is not concerned with the variation of water temperature. Therefore, it is supposed that the swimming layer of the fish above mentioned would be independent on the water temperature.
The shoal of black marlin distributes mostly in the habitat layer of 24°-25°C., and its swimming layer changes seasonally with the vertical removal of water temperature. But the vertical transition of swimming layer is less than that of water temperature from the reasons when the habitat layer comes up nearer to the surface the shoal swims in most cases in the under layer of 22°-24°C., and when the layer of 24°-25°C. goes down nearer to the bottom the fish remain mostly to the upper layer of 25°-27°C..
The better fishing rate of black marlin would be evaluated if we could estimate its swimming layer from the phenomena above mentioned.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (272K) -
釣獲率の季節変化との関係中込 淳1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 173-175
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーData on the swimming layer were quoted from the author's previous report and those on the rate-of-catch of yellowfin tuna in the area C, of big eyed tuna in the areas c1, c2, c3 and of black marlin in the areas A and C have been obtained from the investigations by the Kanagawa Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station and Nankai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory.
The variation of rate-of-catch of yellowfin tuna and big eyed tuna is presumably correlated with that of swimming layer; when the depth from the surface to the swimming layer is shallower, the rate-of-catch is high, when it is deeper, the rate is low.
In the case of black marlin the correlation is vice versa; in the shallower swimming layer, the rate is low, in the deeper one, it is high.
The shoal of black marlin migrates seasonally between the northern and southern areas owing to the variation of water temperature. The rate-of-catch of the species is more considerably affected by the migration of a shoal than by the variation of swimming layer.
The better fishing rate would be evaluated if we could estimate its swimming layer from the phenomena above mentioned.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (212K) -
食餌構成種とその季節的変化三谷 文夫1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 176-181
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThis report is of some feeding habits, one of the several results brought about by the author in his yellow-tail investigations.
The stomach contents of the 107 yellow-tails, which were caught mainly by trap-nets and angling in Wakasa Bay, the Japan Sea, from December of 1956 to November of 1957, are analysed qualitatively and quantitatively with a view to clarifying the food elements and their variations with the four seasons.
Among the stomach contents have been found 12 different fish species, 1 species of the squid (family Ommastrephidae) and 1 species of Schizopoda (family Mysidae). The food elements of major importance to the fish include horse mackerel (Trachurus japonicus), anchovy (Engraulis japonica), pilchard (Sardinops melanosticta) and common squid (Ommastrephes sloani pacificus), as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Those of secondary importance consist of cardinal fish (Apogon semilineatus), red porgy (Chrysophrys major), snapper (Parapristipoma trilineatum), silver perch (Leiognathus nuchalis), barracuda (Sphyraena japonica), chub mackerel (Scomber japonicas), puffer (Fugu niphobles), porgy (Argyrops bleekeri), and stargazer (Uranoscopus japonicas).
The present study of the stomach contents has shown an increase of the horse mackerel and a decrease of the chub mackerel either in occurence or in amount, being widely different from the results brought about by the previous investigators about twenty years ago, in the point of the former species being less and the latter one more found in the stomach contents. It is a remarkable fact that recently the catch of horse mackerel in Wakasa Bay has been little or no change, or rather a slight increase, while, in the catch of the chub mackerel in the same area, there has been a remarkable decrease, which is presumably the case with the other fishing grounds in the Japan Sea.
There may be some probable correspondence between the increase of the horse mackerel in the composition of the yellow-tail's stomach-contents and a good catch of the same species, and also between the decrease of the chub mackerel in the composition of stomach contents and a poor catch of the same species. It is found that there is such correlation between the composition of the stomach contents of the yellow-tail and the seasonal fluctuation in the catch of several fishes (Fig. 2, and Fig. 3, A and B).
Judging from these facts, a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the food composition in the stomachs of large fish, such as the yellow-tail, will enable us safely to predict the rela-tive abundance of some useful fish.
There is no marked difference in the composition between the stomach contents of the young yellow-tail and those of the adult one.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (392K) -
摂餌活動の日週変化および成長に伴う摂餌率の変化三谷 文夫1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 182-185
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the present paper the author has quantitatively analysed the feeding habits of the yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata T. & S., particularly the daily change of the feeding activity and the feeding amount varying with growth, based on the stomach contents of the 262 individuals caught in Wakasa Bay, the Japan Sea, during the period from December of 1956 to January of '58. The results obtained are as follows:
1) The fish caught in the morning has more contents in the stomach than that caught in the evening. Accordingly, we may safely say that the fish has a voracious feeding activity at dawn, and has less in the daytime. The food taken by the fish in the morning may have been digested by the evening (Table 1).
2) The rate of feeding (food weight/body weight×100) falls with varying degrees as the fish grows in the first rapidly and then gradually as shown in Fig. 1. Hence, we can presume that younger fish will become more vigorous tnan older ones for their digestion. Consequently, younger fish must be able to migrate throughout the wide region between the northern and southern areas of the Japanese waters, while older ones become so dull and slack in their activity that some of them are apt to settle within a relatively limited area. What is called “a bank shoal” may be formed in this way.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (311K) -
幽門垂酵素液中に於けるMgの形態斗ケ沢 宜久1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 186-190
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFor celite filtrate of aqueous extract of pyloric caeca turbidity producing powers of a few kinds of organic solvents were measured together with protein-N content, GG-dipeptidase activity, and Mg content. The results were as follows:
1. Volume of the precipitate formed by adding a definite sort of organic solvent decreased with decreasing final concentration for all the solvents here used. As to the precipitation velocity observed by the naked eye the following order appeared to hold: acetone > dioxane > n-propanol > ethanol > methanol.
2. Protein-N contents of the eluates separated from the precipitates formed by solvent addition under controlling the final concentration so as to become 60% and 80% increased corresponding to the rises of pH value. But any relation was not recognized of its prevalence between GG-dipeptidase activity and volume of the protein deposit.
3. As for Mg as measured by the chelate titration two different forms were found to be present, in bonito pyloric caeca, one measurable directly in the enzyme solution, the other only with ash of the solution. The former may certainly be a form of ion or salt and the latter a compound made up with protein or other substances as counterpart.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (335K) -
幽門垂glycylglycine dipeptidaseの活性体形成に於するMg++の参加機構に就いて斗ケ沢 宜久1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 191-195
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFrom observing the change in Mg++ content of pyloric caeca enzyme solution caused by dilution on the one hand and by Mg++ addition on the other, the following inference has been drawn about the participation of this ion in the formation of glycylglycine dipeptidase in active state:
1. GG dipeptidase of pyloric caeca is a metal protein that contains Mg.
2. Dilution of the enzyme solution advances the dissociation of the protein-Mg compound, namely, favors the reaction
protein-Mg ?? Mg (ion or salt) + protein to progress rightwards. When Mg++ is added, on the contrary, the reaction proceeds towards the left, resulting in an increase of active form of the enzyme.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (303K) -
Myosin A及びB区のATP添加による粘度変化と超沈澱斎藤 要, 日高 富男1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 196-200
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn this experiment the authors prepared the protein fractions corresponding to myosin A and myosin B not only from several fishes but also from rabbit, and examined the viscosity change and superprecipitation these preparations showed on ATP addition. The results obtained are summarized as follows:
1) On addition of ATP, the myosin B fraction of rabbit and both myosin A and B fractions of fish showed a transient lowering in viscosity, which tells that these fractions have haracteristics of actomyosin. On the other hand, no such viscosity change was observed in the pure myosin and the myosin A fraction of rabbit.
2) In the cases of the myosin B fraction of rabbit and myosin A and B fractions of fish, almost all the protein contained was found to be superprecipitated by addition of ATP, while in the myosin A fraction of rabbit, only ca. 40% of its protein content was superprecipitated.
3) In the myosin A fraction of rabbit a considerable amount of pure myosin was observed, while in the same fraction of fish, none was detectable.
These results would suggest that the myosin A fraction of fishes behaves to ATP like rabbit actomyosin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (292K) -
魚類抽出液のProteolytic activityについて斎藤 要, 鮫島 宗雄1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 201-204
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe present paper deals with the proteolytic activity shown by muscle extracts of carp, mackerel and shark on the basis of the results summarized as follows:
1) The relative activity defined according to tyrosine liberation was found not to vary very widely whether the extracts were prepared with water or with 0.2M KCl. But, in the case of the fractions obtained with 0.5M KCl, the activity was distinctly lower as compared with the case of the above two sorts of preparations, and in actomyosin fraction any activity was hardly observed.
2) The optimum pH for the activity lay in the range of 3.5-4.5, the optimum temperature being 35°C., while the activity was lost at 50°C. within 5minutes. On the other hand, even at 0°C., proteolytic action of the extracts was still operative though at a small rate.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (265K) -
片山 輝久1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 205-208
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe following volatile compounds have been found to exist in the steam distillate from Digenia simplex:
1. Methylmercaptan distillable as a gas.
2. Formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric acids isolatable as free acid from the saturated sodium bicarbonate soluble fraction of the ethereal extract of the steam-distillate.
3. Palmitic acid isolatable from the fraction soluble in 10% sodium carbonate.
4. Benzaldehyde, α-methylfurfural, and furfural isolatable from the sodium bisulfite soluble fraction.
5. p Cresol confirmable of its presence in the potassium hydroxide fraction previously extracted with sodium carbonate.
6. α-Pinene, d-limonene, terpinolene, linalool and geraniol identifiable by the chromatostrip technique in the terpene fraction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
筋肉色素の同定金光 庸俊, 青江 弘1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 209-215
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAbsorption spectra and extinction coefficients of the crystalline astaxanthin (Fig. 1) and astacene (Fig. 2), were determined in acetone, benzene, pyridine, carbon disulfide, petroleum ether, n-hexane and cyclo-hexane (Figs. 3, 4 and Table 1). Astaxanthin in petroleum ether was chromatographically almost pure, but in seldom cases separated into two fractions (Ax. -Fr. A and B), whereas astacene usually separated into two fractions (Ac. -Fr. A and B). On the observations of absorption spectra of these fractions, we assumed that Ax.- and Ac. -Fr. B correspond to mono-cis isomer of Ax.- and Ac.-Fr. A respectively, which are all-trans form and commonly called “astaxanthin” and “astacene”.
Using the crystalline pigment mentioned above as authentic samples, identification of the muscle carotenoid of the North Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka, O. kisutch, O. gorbuscha, O. tschawytscha, and O. keta) was performed. The muscle was extracted with acetone and the pigment was transfered to petroleum ether, and chromatographed on cellulose powder to remove non-pigment (Fr. -1) lipids which were eluted without being absorbed. The pigement was easily removed from the column with acetone (Fr. -2). Fr. -1 contained on carotenoids. Fr. -2 was partitioned between petroleum ether and 90% aqueous methanol. It was all hypophasic. And then Fr. -2 was chromatographed on CaCO3. The results obtained show that the muscle of these salmon contained astaxanthin as its main fraction (Fr. -2-1) and small amounts of the fraction (Fr. -2-2) which was considered as mono-cis isomer of astaxanthin. The amount of the latter was about one-tenth of the former. The latter pigment is perhaps the artifacts produced during the working up process such as chromatography, and etc.. Astacene and β-carotene were not identified. The same results were obtained in chromatography using alumina as absorbent.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1486K) -
マグロ血合筋肉よりの結晶チトクロームCに就いて松浦 文雄, 橋本 周久1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 216-220
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーCrystalline cytochrome c (Cyt) was prepared from the red muscle of tuna, Neothunnus macropterus, by the method of HAGIHARA4, 9) with some modification (Fig. 1). The twicerecrystallized preparation was then analyzed for the iron content, spectral and electrophoretic properties.
The iron content of this preparation was found to be 0.487%, which is slightly higher than the values of crystalline Cyt's from other sources (0.43-0.47%)2, 3, 6). The spectral characters agreed fairly well with those for amorphous Cyt's reported before1), except the lower absorption coefficient for minimum (about 535mμ), which makes the ratios of ε550/ε535 and ε520/ε535 higher (Fig. 2 and Tables 1 and 2).
The electrophoretic experiments revealed the general resemblance of pH-mobility curve of tuna Cyt to those of horse, beef, pig, and chicken18), though Cyt of the former moved more rapidly than the latter in the strongly acidic or alkaline pH range (Fig. 3). The isoelectric point of tuna Cyt was found to be pH 10.2, which is slightly lower in pH value, as compared with those of all the other species above-mentioned (pH 10.7-10.9)18).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1117K) -
高塚 暹, 俵 正, 小野 戈止1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 221-226
発行日: 1958/07/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn order to examine the virtue of some antibiotics applied as preservatives to fresh meat of tunny, the deterioration during storage reflected in sensory feature (see Tables 1-5) as well as in chemical character (see Tables 6-8 and Figs. 1-3) of the flesh was followed day by day using as sample uniformalized lots of fillet which were previously kept dipped for 30min. respectively in one of 20 ppm solutions of the antibiotics to be tested. The results indicate that chlortetracycline, tetracycline, and oxytetracycline, all carrying naphthacene rings, truely possess notable efficacies as preservatives for keeping the tunny flesh in a good state.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (314K) -
1958 年 24 巻 3 号 p. 231
発行日: 1958年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (61K)
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