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24 巻, 4 号
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本多 勝司1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 233-239
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe samples of net and rope disused after their usage in set fishings were obtained from various fiishing grounds (Tables 2, 4, 5, 6) and examined of their properties in order to formulate the knowledges about the safty limit of their utility taking into account of the peculiarities in the disposition of the net as well as the circumstances in which the net is used.
The mesh size of the nets being already out of use are shown in Table 3.
The knot strength was adopted on this occain as the measure of net-fablic strength. To determine the knot strength each two of the four arms around a knot were gathered and stretched by a tensile tester.
Now, if minimum strengths allowable for net-fabrics of “bag”, “funnel”, “heart” and “sand bag” (anchor) rope are denoted by Tu, Tv, Tw and Tx, respectively, we get the following equations:
for “bag”, Tu=K4D(H+B/2)2 (Fig. 3)
for “funnel”, Tv=K5D1(H1+B1/2)2 (Fig. 4)
for “heart”, Tw=K6D2H22 (Fig. 5)
for “sand bag” (anchor) rope, Tx=K10D3/L3(H3+B3/2)2 (Fig. 6)
Where the various letters have the following meanings, respectively:
K4, K5, K6, and K10, constant number; D, D1, D2, and D3, diameter of netting thread; L3, mesh size; H, H1, H2, and H3, depth of water; B, B1, B2, and B3, greatest width of net.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (352K) -
コールタール染合成繊維網糸の強伸度と温度との関係及び海水浸漬による強さの変化下崎 吉矩, 野沢 靖1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 240-250
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous paper reporting changes the strength of cords immersed in the sea, the description was mainly concerned with non-treated synthetic cords. Whereas, the present work deals with tarred synthetic cords subjected to the sea immersion to see relationship between the tensile strength and the testing temperature as well as change in the strength that likely occurs during the immersion. The tarred synthetic cords used include Amilan, Cremona, Kanevyan and Saran. Each of them was categorized, as before, into B1 and B2: the former group being immersed continuously, while the latter intermittently.
1) Among the results obtained Figs. 1 and 2 show relationships between the experimental period and either the tensile strength or elongation along with mean testing temperatures which varied depending on a testing day.
2) In laboratory experiments of the same materials as used for the sea immersion it has been confirmed that tensile strength of the cords may be indicated with function of quadric or a higher degree in relation to the testing temperature. Relationship between tensile strength with temperature S0θ or between elongation with temperature E0θ may be expreseed by an experimental formula, respectively:
S0θ=a+bθ+cθ2 3 ?? θ ?? 30
E0θ=a'+b'θ+c'θ2 3 ?? θ ?? 30
From the experiments the constant, such as a, b, c, a', b' and c', were obtained as shown in Table 1.
3) When Siθ represents the tensile strength at θ°C of a tarred cord which has been submerged in the sea continuously or intermittently during i days, change of the tensile strength Ki is measured as
Ki=Siθ/S0θ
In the same way, change in the elongation K'i is
K'i=Eiθ/E0θ
4) Let Kjl represent the mean ratio of changes from the tensile strength as of the i-th day to that on the j-th day after inception of the immersion, then
kjl={(Ki-Kj)/(j-i)}×100(%)
The mean ratio as to the elongation, k'ji is in the same way
k'ji={(K'i-K'j)/(j-i)}×l00 (%)
The ratios K and K' are obtained theoretically by
dK/di=f(i) & dK'/di= ?? (i)
K=K0+∫i0f(i)di & K'=K'0+∫i0 ?? (i)di
where f (i) is a general form of k and ?? (i) of k'.
5) So far the experiments have revealed that tensile strength of tarred synthetic cords in general tends to be more affected in summer, than any othor season while the strength of a particular synthetic cord, Cremona, is decreased during summer to fall: however, the change in the elongation of these cords seems uniform throughout the submerging perind.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (716K) -
畑中 正吉, 高橋 正雄, 村川 五郎1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 251-255
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe feeding habits of the amber-fish, Seriola quinqueradiata, were analysed basing on the feeding experiments and the results were stuided comparatively with those of the mackerel, Pneumatophorus japonicus.
(1) The amber-fish showed a diurnal rhythm in the feeding activity, taking food (the living saurel) quite actively in the early morning and also in the evening, and no food at mid-night (Table 1).
(2) When the amber-fish were reared together with the mackerel in the same pool, there always revealed an order of feeding, showing a superior behavior of the amber-fish against the mackerel (Tables 2 and 3).
(3) The prominent difference in growth rate between the amber-fish and the mackerel was discussed from the experimentally obtained relation between the feeding and the growth, and the rapid growth was attributed mainly to the better anaboilc rate and the less maintenance ration of the amber-fish than the mackerel.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (336K) -
野々田 得郎1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 256-262
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリー50 H. P. and 80 H. P. Batti-Ami (paranzella net for catching anchovy) which are being used in Ise Bay were studied by the model experiments. The scales of both nets were reduced to 1/15 of the full scales to Tauti's principle. The details of these nets are shown in Table 1, 2, and Fig. 1.
The results obtained are shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4 and 5. From Figs. 2 and 3, the following are deduced concerning the full scale of nets. When the distance between the two-teamed boats is 200m and the pulling speed is about 0.8 mile/hour, that is, the longest pulling condition during one operation, each value of the mouth height and width of the bag net and the tension on the warp in the 50 H. P. are 9.2m, 11m, and 3.6 tons respectively. On the similar condition, they are 8.5m, 11.5m, and 4 tons pespectively, in the case of 80 H. P.
In Fig. 6, a few records of the nets by the fish finder are represented. In point of the mouth height the result of the present experiments show approximately the same values as those obtained from Fig. 6.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (439K) -
岡林 正十郎1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 263-266
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBy a model of representative bag net of fixed fishing nets, the deformations (Θ) caused by the tidal currents (V) were studied (Fig. 5.). The results were scaled up into three kinds of actual nets (2 kinds of synthetic fiber Saran, Cremona the densities of which were ρ=1.70 and 1.24, and cotton ρ=1.39). The difference of deformation owing to the difference of the apparent density of netting cord in water has been infered (Fig. 6). The degree of recovery in deformation of the net caused by the current by adding the weighted rib lines has also been studied (Fig. 7 and 8).抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (242K) -
既往の緩衝能測定法による魚肉鮮度の判定須山 三千三, 徳広 真1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 267-270
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe buffering capacities of fish muscle and muscle extractives were studied to test its value as a criterion of the degree of freshness of fish muscle. Although, judgement of freshness by buffe ing capacities was not proved to be accurate enough, measuring of so-called Bvalue proposed by STANSBY et al1) was found to be promising.
As a rule, the muscle of elasmobranch shows a higher degree in the capacity than muscle of common fish. It may be ascribed to the abundance of trimethylamine oxide contained in the muscle of elasmobranch.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (270K) -
緩衛能に及ぼすトリメチルアミンオキサイド及び尿素の影響須山 三千三1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 271-275
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of trimethylamine oxide and urea contained in fish flesh on the buffering capacity were examined. The results obtained were as follows:
1) Addition of trimethylamine oxide to muslce extractives increased the buffering capactiy on acid side below pH 6.25. The increase was in proportion to the amount of trimethylamine oxide.
2) Urea increased the capacity of muscle extracitves on acid side slightly below pH 4.0, whereas decreased on alkali side.
3) The buffering capacity of the muscle of elasmobranch was discussed being based on a large amount of trimethylamine oxide and urea in them.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (310K) -
緩衝能に及ぼすトリメチルアミン,アンモニアの影響並びに板鰓類筋肉の鮮度低下に伴う緩衝能の変化須山 三千三1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 276-280
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of trimethylamine and ammonia on the buffering capacity of fish muscle and the change in the capacity during degradation were studied. The results obtained were as follows:
1) Trimethylamine and ammonia increased the buffering capacity on alkali side above pH 8 and 6 respectively. The latter was, although the effect was slight at lower pH range, the higher the pH the more effective on alkali side above pH 8.
2) Muscles of elasmobranch decreased in the buffering capacity at an early stage of putrefaction, but increased at a later stage. The decrease may have been caused by reduction of trimethylamine oxide, while the increase, on the other hand, may indicate the formation of trimethylamine and ammonia.
3) Non-protein matters seem to provide with a greater part of the capacity. With the muscle of ray-fish, Dasiatis akajei, the capacity due to protein was very small as compared with shark protein.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (322K) -
各種水産動物筋肉の緩衝能須山 三千三, 小池 淳三, 鈴木 和遠1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 281-284
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーBuffering capacity curves determined with some marine animals were proved to have a similar shape, all having two inflexion points at about pH 5 and 7, respectively. In order to clarify the physiological significance of these phenomenon, the buffering capacities of the muscles of some twenty species of marine animals were determined at pH ranges of 3-5, 5-7 and 7-9.
As shown in Table 1, muscles of red-flesh fishes (migrating fish), white-flesh fishes (nonmigrating or bottom fish), elasmobranchs and crustacea have their own specific values in buffering capacity. Actively migrating species were found to have a strong buffer action in their muscle. These results may be indicating that the buffering system in the muscle will be related to the physiological function of muscle.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (224K) -
構成糖組成について中村 武彦1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 285-288
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAs shown in Fig. 1, the sugar solution obtained by hydrolysis of one gram mucilage (Basalt) with dilute sulfuric acid was neutralized and decolorized, and separated into acidic and neutral sugar using ion-exchangers as previously reported.
The neutral sugar fraction was subjected to liquid chromatography by passing butanol, half-saturated with water, through a cellulose column (2×49.5cm) packed with pure cellulose prepared from filter paper pulp, and it was thereby separated into three components: anhydrogalactose, xylose and galactose.
The methods employed for the estimation of sugars, acidic and neutral, and the results obtained (tabulated in Table 1) were as follows:
(1) Glucurone was determind by the WILLIAMS color reaction, since the optical density at 600mμ corresponds to the concentration of glucurone (Fig. 2), and was found to be present by 3.27% on the total sugar basis.
(2) Galactosesulfate was calculated by subtracting the above glucurone content from whole acidic sugar content as shown in Table 1, and was found to be contained five times as much as glucurone was.
(3) Each component of neutral sugars was estimated by the hypoiodite method. It was found that total neutral sugar amounts to about 80% of total sugar, and the proportions of xylose to anhydrogalactose and galactose become nearly 1:3.5:12.5.
(4) As the value obtained by the hypoiodite method coincides satisfactorily with that of solid matter and the recovery of total sugar is 96% (in the case of hypoiodite method) or 99% (in the case of solid matter), it may be declared that each sugar is separated from Eucheuma mucilage in a pure state and quantitatively by this method.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
富山 哲夫, 津田 厚, 米 康夫1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 289-295
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーAn improved cylinder plate method for determination of chlortetracycline in tissues has been presented. A mixture of acetone and citrate buffer has been employed for the extraction of chlortetracycline from sample tissues and also as the diluent of the standard chlortetracycline solution. The method is superior in recovery and sensitivity to FDA method and UMEZAWA et al's modified method. It was found that the average recovery of chlortetracycline from tissues and minimum inhibitory concentration were 95% and 0.002 mcg•per cc., respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (328K) -
宮川 昭次, 上野 庚次郎1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 296-299
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーFor the purpose of utilizing B vitamins in the liver of aquatic animals as an animal nutrient, the liver meal and liver solubles were prepared from the livers of several kinds of fish, and analyzed for the amount of B vitamins by the microbiological method.
The chopped liver was preliminarily extracted with hot water and the extractives were concentrated under reduced pressure (liver solubles). The residue was desiccated at 60-70°C under reduced pressure, and extracted with hexane to obtain vitamin oil (liver meal). The dehydration with acetone or methanol was also tried and the resulting meal was extracted with acetone or hexane (Table 1).
As seen from the table, niacin content is lower in the meal treated with acetone than that in the others. In Table 3, in which the amount of B vitamins in the liver preparations obtained from various species of fish is given, it is seen that the liver meal from tuna contained an especially large amount of B vitamins.
The liver meals shown in Table 4 were prepared without removing the extracts. The meal of fin whale showed higher values of vitamin B2, niacin and folic acid, and lower value of vitamin B12 than other meals tested. The meal of yellow fin tuna, on the other hand, contained a very notable amount of vitamin B12, but was poorest in vitamin B2 and niacin content.
It may be considered that the amount of water soluble vitamin in the liver of aquatic animals does not vary so greatly as that of vitamin A, according to the species and other conditions.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (277K) -
鴻巣 章二, 香取 進一, 秋山 明子, 森 高次郎1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. 300-304
発行日: 1958/08/25
公開日: 2008/02/29
ジャーナル フリーSucceeding to the previous papersi1, 2), in which the amino acid composition of fish muscle proteins was given, the present paper deals with that of crustacean muscle proteins.
Eighteen amino acids in proteins, prepared from the muscles of three species of crustacean, were determined by the ion exchange column chromatographic method, and the results obtained are tabulated in Table 3.
The pattern of amino acid distribution in these proteins was relatively uniform, as it was found to be so for fish, whereas some slight differences were observed on several amino acids. The amount of arginine was the most variable, ranging between 6.29% (blue crab) and 9.03% (prawn).
The content of glycine, alanine, leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine of crustacean muscle proteins was almost at the same level as those of the ordinary muscle proteins of fish.
The crustacean muscle showed a higher value of the acidic amino acids, glutamic and aspartic acids, and a lower value of valine, isoleucine, threonine and lysine as compared with the fish muscle.
The muscle protein of the blue crab contained 1.61%. of tryptophan, and the value was the highest throughout the fish and the crustaceans thus far tested in our study.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (297K) -
1958 年 24 巻 4 号 p. e1
発行日: 1958年
公開日: 2008/04/22
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (26K)
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